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corpus, such as The Corpus of Contemporary American English. Memorizing these phrases instead of just the preposition alone is the most helpful.
A preposition is a word used to link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words within a sentence. They act to connect the people, objects, time and locations of a sentence. Prepositions are usually short words, and they are normally placed directly in front of nouns. In some cases, you'll find prepositions in front of gerund verbs.
A nice way to think about prepositions is as the words that help glue a sentence together. They do this by expressing position and movement, possession, time and how an action is completed.
Indeed, several of the most frequently used words in all of English, such as of, to, for, with, on and at, are prepositions. Explaining prepositions can seem complicated, but they are a common part of language and most of us use them naturally without even thinking about it.
The first rule is that to make sentences clear, specific prepositions are needed. For example, the preposition in means one thing and the preposition on cannot substitute for it in all cases. Some prepositions are interchangeable but not always. The correct preposition means one particular thing and using a different proposition will give the sentence a very different meaning. I want to see you in the house now, Bill! means something very different from I want to see you on the house now, Bill! In the house means Bill should go through the door, walk inside, and stand in the hall or living room. On the house means Bill would need to get a ladder and climb to the roof where he would be on top of the house.
There are more than 100 prepositions in the English language. In addition, there are endless possibilities for creating prepositional phrases, phrases that begin with a preposition and end with a noun or pronoun. In the following sections, you will find examples of prepositions, types of prepositions, a comprehensive list of prepositions, and some helpful preposition exercises. As you read the examples and study the list, remember that prepositions usually convey concepts such as comparison, direction, place, purpose, source possession, and time.
References:
1. Гурбангулы Бердимухамедов. "Знания - это счастье, вдохновение, успех." Ашхабад,2014.
2. Методика обучения иностранным языкам: традиции и современность. Коллективная монография под редакцией академика РАО А.А.Миролюбова. Москва, 2010.
3. Sweet, Henry (1890). A primer of spoken English.
4. Aarts, Bas (2014). The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar (2nd ed.).
© Annagylyjova A., Hojanepesova M., 2023
УДК 37
Beghanova G.,
A teacher of the Turkmen State University named after Magtymguly.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
Charyyeva G.,
A student of the Turkmen State University named after Magtymguly.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE Annotation
English literature is literature written in the English language from the United Kingdom, its Crown
Dependencies and Overseas Territories, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, and the countries of the former British Empire. The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years. The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon invaders in the fifth century, are called Old English
Keywords:
literature, poem, poet, period, save, moral, century.
Аннотация
Английская литература — это литература, написанная на английском языке из Соединенного Королевства, его зависимых и заморских территорий, Ирландской Республики, Соединенных Штатов и стран бывшей Британской империи. Английский язык развивался на протяжении более 1400 лет. Самые ранние формы английского языка, набор англо-фризских диалектов, принесенных в Великобританию англосаксонскими захватчиками в пятом веке, называются староанглийскими.
Ключевые слова: литература, поэма, поэт, период, спасение, мораль, век.
The history of English literature starts with the Anglo-Saxons and Germanic settlers in Anglo-Saxon England in the 5th century, c.450. The oldest English literature was in Old English which is the earliest form of English and is a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects. The Old English language or Anglo-Saxon is the earliest form of English. The period is a long one and it is generally considered that Old English was spoken from about A.D. 600 to about 1100. Many of the poems of the period are pagan, in particular Widsith and Beowulf.
The greatest English poem, Beowulf is the first English epic. The author of Beowulf is anonymous. It is a story of a brave young man Beowulf in 3182 lines. In this epic poem, Beowulf sails to Denmark with a band of warriors to save the King of Denmark, Hrothgar. Beowulf saves Danish King Hrothgar from a terrible monster called Grendel. The mother of Grendel who sought vengeance for the death of her son was also killed by Beowulf. Beowulf was rewarded and became King. After a prosperous reign of some forty years, Beowulf slays a dragon but in the fight he himself receives a mortal wound and dies. The poem concludes with the funeral ceremonies in honour of the dead hero. Though the poem Beowulf is little interesting to contemporary readers, it is a very important poem in the Old English period because it gives an interesting picture of the life and practices of old days.
English Literature refers to the study of texts from around the world, written in the English language. By studying a degree in English Literature, you will learn how to analyze a multitude of texts and write clearly using several different styles
Literature allows a person to step back in time and learn about life on Earth from the ones who walked before us. We can gather a better understanding of culture and have a greater appreaciation of them. We learn through the ways history is recorded, in the forms of manuscripts and through speech itself
In Europe, as in Greece, the drama had a distinctly religious origin. The first characters were drawn from the New Testament, and the object of the first plays was to make the church service more impressive, or to emphasize moral lessons by showing the reward of the good and the punishment of the evil doer. In the latter days of the Roman Empire the Church found the stage possessed by frightful plays, which debased the morals of a people already fallen too low. Popular literature in English is writing which has shown wide and continued acceptance, measured by sales, frequent imitation, adaptation to the cultural forms and general commercial success. The word "popular" is meant as a synonym for "successful," not as an antonym for "serious". Reform seemed impossible; the corrupt drama was driven from the stage, and plays of every kind were forbidden. But mankind loves a spectacle, and soon the Church itself provided a substitute for the forbidden plays in the famous Mysteries and Miracles.
The second or moral period of the drama is shown by the increasing prevalence of the Morality plays. In these the characters were allegorical personages,-Life, Death, Repentance, Goodness, Love, Greed, and other virtues and vices. The Moralities may be regarded, therefore, as the dramatic counterpart of the once popular allegorical poetry exemplified by the Romance of the Rose. English literature is literature written in the English language from the United Kingdom, its Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, and the countries of the former Brtitish Empire. The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years. It did not occur to our first, unknown dramatists to portray men and women as they are until they had first made characters of abstract human qualities. Nevertheless, the Morality marks a distinct advance over the Miracle in that it gave free scope to the imagination for new plots and incidents. In Spain and Portugal these plays, under the name auto, were wonderfully developed by the genius of Calderon and Gil Vicente; but in England the Morality was a dreary kind of performance, like the allegorical poetry which preceded it.
References:
1. The Oxford Companion to English Literature (1996). p. 546.
2. "Revenge Tragedy" in A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory, ed. JA Cuddon (London: Penguin Books, 1999), pp. 744-46.
3. Chapman's Homer: The Iliad. Ed. Allardyce Nicoll. Bollingen Series 41. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1998; Chapman's Homer: The Odyssey. Ed. Allardyce Nicoll. Bollingen Series 41. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2000.
4. A Handbook to English Literature (7th edition), ed. Harmon & Holman. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall), 1996), p. 575.
© Beghanova G., Charyyeva G., 2023
УДК 37
Chopanova S.,
a teacher
of the department of foreign languages languages at TSU named after Magtymguly.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
MODERN METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES Annotation
The methodology of teaching foreign languages studies the patterns of communicative and cognitive activity of students. The methodology solves not only the problems of teaching, but also the problems of upbringing by means of a foreign language, which is not included in the range of problems studied by didactics.
Keywords:
method, methodology, ability, teaching, country. Аннотация
Методика обучения иностранным языкам изучает закономерности коммуникативно-познавательной деятельности учащихся. Методика решает не только проблемы обучения, но и проблемы воспитания средствами иностранного языка, что не входит в круг проблем, изучаемых дидактикой.
Ключевые слова: метод, методика, способность, обучение, страна.
