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ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
THE GEOGRAPHY OF PISKENT DISTRICT Okhunjanova D.K. Email: Okhunjanova668@scientifictext.ru
Okhunjanova Dildora Komiljon kizi - Student, DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL GEOGRAPHY, FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHY AND NATURAL RESOURCES, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF UZBEKISTAN NAMED AFTER MIRZO ULUGBEK, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article deals with specific features of Piskent district. The author gives further information on the background of the studies, which has been conducted in this field. Moreover, special attention is directed towards the problems of geographic area, landscapes, water reservoirs, soil content and climate of Piskent region. Furthermore, the neigborhoods that are situated in this field, their names, origins, geographical locations are also discussed. In short, this article provides useful information for readers. Keywords: soil content, rivers, geographic location, district.
ГЕОГРАФИЯ ПИСКЕНТСКОГО РАЙОНА Охунжанова Д.К.
Охунжанова Дилдора Комильжон кызы - студент, кафедра естественной географии, факультет географии и природных ресурсов, Национальный университет Узбекистана им. Мирзо Улугбека, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в данной статье рассматриваются особенности Пискентского района. Автор дает дополнительную информацию об истории исследований, которые были проведены в этой области. Кроме того, особое внимание направлено на проблемы географического района, ландшафтов, водохранилищ, содержания почв и климата Пискентского региона. Кроме того, окрестности, которые расположены в этой области, их имена, происхождение, географическое положение также обсуждаются. Вкратце, эта статья предоставляет полезную информацию для читателей.
Ключевые слова: содержание почвы, реки, географическое положение, район.
UDC 914
Every inch of our country has unique features and landscapes. One of such areas is Piskent district in Tashkent region, which is characterized by the unique nature and beautiful landscapes. Geographical location and archaeological excavations of Piskent district were studied by a number of professors and scientists. These are engineer hydrogeologists R. S. Subbotin and P.L. Nachayevich, archeologists A.A. Potapov, M.V. Voevodskiy, V.D. Jukov, I.N. Lutskevich, T.G. Obolduyev, Y.F. Buryakov, professor M.E. Masson and others. Sh. Sharipov studied the landscapes of Piskent district. Today, physicist, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, docent Adham Mamatkulov studied historical, archaeological and geographical information about Piskent and wrote brochures.
According to the data, the district area is 0.79 thousand square kilometers. Piskent district borders on Akhangaran and Urta Chirchik in the north and northeast, Akkorgon in the west, Boka in the south-west, and Sogd region of the Republic of Tajikistan in the south. The natural geographical area is located in the foothills of Qurama mountain ridges and on the left bank of the Akhangaran River at the beginning of the Chirchik-Akhangaran Valley.
The height of the area's surface increases from west to east. The Tashkent Water Reservoir is located on the northern border of the district [1, 7]. The Akhangaran River extracts its waters from the addition of the abundant water flowing from the mountain chains of Tien Shan to Chatkal and Kurama. The length of the river to the Syrdarya is 236 km and the basin is 7710 square kilometers. The average altitude of the area is 300-2,500 meters. In the eastern part of the country there are Qurama mountains, hills, deserts and pastures. Its relief is a bit low, consisted of the old river crests, canyons and tributaries. The main depressions in the area are located in the western part. Their soil is grassy, with low soil moisture, swampy and alluvial soils. The Tashkent Water Reservoir is located along the northern border of the district [1, 7].
The climate is moderately hot and dry. There are plenty of gardens and fields in the Piskent district. In some years, due to sharp decline in temperature in the late spring, agricultural products are damaged. The average annual temperature in the district is + 13.5oC, while the average July temperature is + 27 °C, and the highest temperature is + 42 °C. However, in recent years, the average annual temperature has been increasing. The average January temperature is -1.0 °C, and in some years the lowest temperatures dropped to -27 °C. The amount of precipitation increases from west to east. The average annual precipitation is 350 mm.
Piskent district has underground waters. There are good freshwater reserves in Piskent city, the center of the district, at a depth of 40-100 meters, in the Akhangaran River shore that flows 3 to 4 km north of the district center at a depth of 50-80 meters, in the areas of Kultepa and Said villages at a depth of 10-50 meters. According to engineer hydrogeologists R.S. Subbotin and P.L. Nachayevich, 850-1000 meters deep mineral waters are like the Tashkent mineral water in terms of composition and healing properties [1, 8]. The mineralized water distribution zone is located in the south from the Tuyaboguz reservoir, in the northern part of Piskent, in the village Kerovchi and in the city of Almalyk.
The soil of the Piskent district is composed of various types of soil and other rock types. The Akhangaran River shore, Kerovchi, Kultepa, Said villages and their surroundings are sandy and large soggy layers with thickness of 20-30 to 80-100 meters. The thickness of the soil is about 40-50 meters in the regions such as Yemqurgan, Bogziyon ota, Uchtepa, Pushti Mahmud. In Mingtepa, its amount is a bit less, reaching 25-40 meters [1, 9].
At present, Piskent district has a total of 27 neighborhoods. These are: Bekobod, Maylobod, Muminobod, Mingtepa, Chulaqurgon, Suvti, Fayzobod, Taraqqiyot, Xoliqberdi, Oqtom, Saidobod, Chimqurgon, Birlik, Yangiobod, Kulota, Namuna, Guliston, Gayrat, Mustaqillik, Kultepa, Oybek, Mitan, Novkent, Zominovud, Dustlik, Navoiy, Lola ariq. Some of these neighborhood names are subject to change.
Studying the origins of geographic place names, we will have historical, ethnographic and geographic information. In particular, in Piskent district we find a wide range of places. Among them, ethnonyms are common. In addition, toponyms are made up of aggregates -tepa (Mingtepa, Oqtepa), -abad (Bekabad, Mayliabad). The main names in the district include Kerovchi, Koriz, Lola ariq, Muminobod, Mitan, Said, Soqol ariq. We try to give information about some of them.
Bekabad is the name of the neighborhood. A lot of information has been provided about this region. In particular, the Bekabad district may actually be a "Bekravot". According to the oldest people of the place, this neighborhood was the motherland of Muhammad Yaqubbek Badavlat. There is a village called Koriz in the district.
Koriz is a Sogdish word, meaning "ditch in the underground." The region is composed of Upper Koriz and Lower Koriz villages. The name of this village is derived from the names of the underground waters coming from the Kashka neighborhood of Upper Koriz. It is a natural water source, and it extracts its water from the old tributaries of the Akhangaran River [2, 12].
Kerovchi - the name of the village in the district. At the beginning of the XVI century Uzbek people came from Dashti Kipchok. Among them, there is a people called
kerovchi [2, 11]. So, Kerovchi is also etnonym. Various comments are also made by local people. For example, the population has hunted in forests and called themselves "Kelovchi" to attract hunters.
The southern and southwestern part of Piskent is called Mingtepa. Most of the hills are named after them. As a result of archaeological excavations, graves belonging to the V -VIII centuries BC were discovered in Mingtepa [2, 16]. Nowadays, the hills of the region are flattened and almost aligned.
The village name near the Akhangaran River is called Mugol. It is said that the name was originated from the Yuz tribes of the Uzbeks and the avat tribes of the Kurds. The word "mug" in Sogd means "lower". In some sources, the word "Moogol" is also referred to as a low aul [2. 11].
Muratali is the name of the village. Muratali was a native of the descendant of the muratali tribes, which were included in the composition of the bugu and saruu tribes of the Kirgiz [2, 12]. Different narrations have been made by the local population about the origin of the village name.
One of the neighborhoods in Piskent district is called Mitan. The name Mitan is also known as tribal etnonym. Local residents say that this place was a place where farmers could harvest their crops. It is desirable to carry out geographical surveys and cartographic works in every part of the country.
References / Список литературы
1. Mamatkulov A. Pictures from the history of Piskent. Part I and II- T. Fan, 2010.
2. National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. Tashkent. Public scientific publishing house.
Chapter 9, 2005.
