CC BY
16System of criteria and indicators for the development
of mass sports
UDC 796.011
Dr. Hab., Associate Professor O.A. Milkevich1 PhD, Associate Professor L.V. Sokolskaya1 PhD, Associate Professor I.A. Butyaykin1 PhD, Associate Professor A.A. Reznikov1
1State University of Humanities and Technology, Orekhovo-Zuyevo
Corresponding author: cokol4512@yandex.ru
Abstract
Objective of the study was to formulate the concept of "mass sport" based on the analysis of Russian legislation, scientific literature and statistical data and develop a system of criteria and indicators for the development of mass sports to assess the quality of services provided by sports and recreation organizations and individual entrepreneurs in the field of mass sports.
Methods and structure of the study. When writing the article, general scientific and private scientific methods were used, including the method of analysis and synthesis, statistical (relative to quantitative indicators), survey methods (using google forms for ease of processing and minimizing time), expert assessment and self-assessment (the participants themselves act as experts classes).
Results and conclusions. The authors, after analyzing modern legislation and scientific literature, formulated proposals for amending paragraph 4 of art 2 of the Federal Law "On Physical Culture and Sports". The authors propose to consider the provisions on physical culture and mass sports enshrined in this Law as indicators of a meaningful criterion for the development of mass sports. The result of a sociological study on the Microsoft Forms platform (550 respondents from all federal districts of the Russian Federation took part in the survey) is the author's system of criteria and indicators of mass sports, which can serve as guidelines for organizing work with youth in organizations and enterprises, developing programs for organizing family leisure activities, in the activities of trade union organizations in various industries, as well as in assessing the quality of socially useful activities for the provision of services to the population in the field of mass sports.
Keywords: mass sports, sports, legislation, indicators and evaluation criteria, etymology of concepts.
Introduction. In accordance with the global trend, the issues of the development of mass sports (hereinafter referred to as MS) are today becoming one of the priority fields of the social policy of Russia. In conformity with the current legislation, mass sports is one of the areas of human social and cultural activity, it satisfies the needs of people in the development of physical abilities, promotes preventive health care, reduces a significant number of diseases and promotes a healthy lifestyle [2, 4, 5]. In par. 4 of Art. 2 of the Federal Law "On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation" dated December 4, 2007 No. 329-FZ, the following concept of mass sports is fixed: "mass sports is a part of sports aimed at physical education and physical development of citizens through
organized and (or) self-dependent activities, as well as participation in physical culture and mass sports events. In principle, it is difficult to agree with this definition of mass sports as a part of sports. If sports are one of the areas of social activity, then mass sports is also an activity. Moreover, according to par. 12 of Art. 2 of the Federal Law No. 329, "sports" is a sphere of social and cultural activity, the whole complex of sport disciplines developed in the form of competitions and special practice in training a person for them. In the opinion of the authors of the article, etymologically, the concept of "mass sports" needs to be clarified, and therefore they suggest to state par. 4 of Art. 2 of the Federal Law No. 329 in the following wording "mass sports is a type of activity aimed at physical educa-
Criteria and indicators of the development of MS
Criteria Indicators
qualitative quantitative
environmental consolidation of efforts of various organizations and partners in the development of MS One can include indicators reflecting the conditions of the MS development, namely: availability of a material and technical facilities and resources, stadiums, outdoor areas for activities, availability of trained professionals to organize activities, amount of partner institutions and/or cooperation agreements of an institution, organization with sports institutions, or lease agreements for sports facilities, etc.
consolidation of efforts of various organizations and partners in the development of MS
environment compliance with the Sanitary Regulations and Norms, requirements of supervisory authorities
variety of opportunities to practice various activities and sports
substantial focus of activities on health preservation and promotion, organization of socially significant leisure activities for various population groups growth of fields and types of MS activities
availability of MS activities to general public availability of a level system of MS activities - for amateurs and athletes
availability of MS activities to general public amount of activity sessions per week
focus on organizing socially significant forms of leisure predominance of MS activities
combination of physical activity, and health-improving, sanitary-educational activities amount of activities for various population groups, combining physical activity, recreational and sanitary-educational activities
resultative change of individual physical health indicators growth of motor activity of general public
change of the quality of life of an individual, satisfaction of a person with MS activities and life in general amount of people satisfied with the quality of life, MS activities and life in general
regularity of MS activities duration of activity sessions
willingness to promote the idea of MS activities in the family, and the nearest community growth of the number of people regularly engaged in MS
tion and physical development of various population groups through organized and (or) self-dependent activities, as well as participation in physical culture and mass sports events." It is also advisable to replace the term "citizens" with the phrase "various population groups", because the concept "population" is broader than the concept "citizens". Thus, mass sports may be characterized as a type of socially useful activity for the provision of services, and a system of criteria and indicators applicable for the assessment of the results of providing services to the population in the field of mass sports may be developed. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 398 dated August 8, 2016 "On Approval of Priority Areas of Activities in the Sphere of Provision of Socially Beneficial Services" states activities for providing services in the field of physical culture and mass sports.
Objective of the study was to formulate the concept of "mass sport" based on the analysis of Russian legislation, scientific literature and statistical data and develop a system of criteria and indicators for the development of mass sports to assess the quality of services provided by sports and recreation organizations and individual entrepreneurs in the field of mass sports.
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Methods and structure of the study. The following methods serve as a basis for the development of criteria for the assessment of physical culture and sports: analysis of the current legislation and statistical reports, and methods of survey (using Microsoft Forms for ease of processing and minimization of time investment), expert assessment and self-assessment (participants of physical culture and mass sports activities act as experts).
Results of the study and their discussion. The clarification of the concept of "mass sport" as a type of activity suggested by the authors of the article determines the possibility of characterizing not only the means of implementation, but also the result of such an activity. From the standpoint of the provisions stated in the regulatory documents, the result of mass sports is the preparedness of a person for certain sport disciplines, a certain level of physical development and physical education. What are the criteria and indicators for evaluating their efficiency then?
The outlined subject field of contemplation and scientific research has determined the need to refer to the works of such researchers as N.Yu. Goncharova, A.V. Kalinchuk, who single out the following as crite-
ria for evaluating the efficiency of administration of the development of physical culture and mass sports: population coverage, equipment and material support, availability of sports venues and facilities [3]. G.A. Androsova, E.Ya. Mikhailova consider as such the conceptual program of industry development, the level of involvement of the population in regular physical education and sports activities [1]. E.A. Saven-kova, S.A. Simkacheva, M.V. Tikhomirov, considering the expert assessment method of the development of physical culture and mass sports, single out a system of criteria and indicators which mainly reflect quantitative characteristics [7]. The above cited authors' positions regarding the characteristics of the criteria and indicators of the development of mass sports tend to specify mainly quantitative variables. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the need to specify not only quantitative, but also qualitative results of the development of this system, considering the ongoing economic, social and cultural, political, demographic and other changes. At the same time, it would not be entirely correct to assess individual physiological, psychological, and other differences between people from the standpoint of existing averaged physiological indicators, in the context of voluntary and independent nature of MS activities.
The results of the scientific and theoretical analysis of the problem under study and the conducted sociological survey have allowed the authors of the article to introduce in a generic form the following criteria and indicators for the assessment of the development of and mass sports.
The introduced criteria and indicators of the development of mass sports make it possible to specify the selection of forms and methods of organizing physical culture and health improvement activities. When considering the problem of organizing mass sports among the adult population engaged in labor activities, these criteria and indicators may serve as guidelines for organizing work with young people in companies and enterprises, developing family leisure programs, and in the activities of trade union organizations in various industries. These criteria and indicators are also relevant and correct with regard to the ageing population.
Conclusions. Thus, the development of mass sports is a problematic field from the standpoint of addressing the problems of state policy, law, educational theory and practice. The clarifications and changes in the current legislation indicated in the article, as well as the criteria and indicators of the development of mass sports may serve as a basis for developing a corresponding system at the level of educational or-
ganizations, labour collectives of companies and enterprises of various forms of ownership.
References.
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2. Vorobyov S.A., Shchennikova M.Yu., Breider N.A., Shchennikov A.N. Demand in professionals of physical culture and sports, with the account of staffing indicators of the industry // Theory and Practice of Physical Culture. 2021. № 8. pp. 104-106.
3. Goncharova N.Yu., Kalinchik A.V. Efficiency evaluation of the activities of state and municipal authorities in the development of mass sports (as a factor of friendly social climate of a district) // Bulletin of Science and Practice. 2016. No. 6 (7). pp.261-265.
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6. Order of the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation d/d July 31, 2017 No. 707 "On approval of the methodology for calculating values of indicators (indicators) for the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of physical culture and sports", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation d/d April 15, 2014 No. 302". [Electronic source] Computer-Based Legal Research System 'Garant'. https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/ prime/doc/ (date of reference: 01.02. 2022)
7. Avenkova E.A., Simkacheva S.A., Tikhomirov M.V. Expert methodology for selecting assessment criteria for the development of physical culture and sports in the constituent territories of the Russian Federation// Bulletin of Sports Science. 2010. No. 4. pp. 37-41.
