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16Стратегии подготовки научных переводчиков в технических вузах Китая в рамках концепции «Один пояс и один путь»
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Ся Сяодун
старший преподаватель, Институт иностранных языков, Шэньянский политехнический университет, xiaxd1205@sina.com
Инициатива «Один пояс и один путь» поднимает сотрудничество между странами на более высокий уровень. В новую эпоху в инженерной области очень актуален спрос на талантов, об-лажающих зняниями языков и навыками перевода. Исходя из вышесказанной ситуации, в данной статье выдвигаем конкретные стратегии повышения квалификации переводчиков в технических вузах в Китае на фоне инициативы «Один пояс и один путь». Стратегии представлены в пяти аспектах, а именно в установлении цели обучения, подборке учебных пособий и материалов, разработке учебных программ, организации учебного процесса и симмулировании самостоятельного изучения учащихся после занятий.
Ключевые слова: один пояс и один путь, перевод, технические вузы, учебные программы, тест ситуационного моделирования
Статья является поэтапным результатом программы развития образования и науки провинции Ляонин «Планы 13-й пятилетки», проект «Исследования стратегий подготовки научных переводчиков в провинции Ляонин в рамках концепции «Один пояс и один путь»», JG17DB437.
The paper is the achievement of Study on the Cultivation of Translators in Liaoning Under the Background of One Belt and One Road Initiative JG17DB437, the research project of the "13th Five-Year Plan"for education science of Liaoning.
In 2013, "One Belt and One Road Conception" was put forward in China. Since the implement of One Belt and One Road Conception, the cooperations between China and other countries along One Belt and One Road in such fields as machine manufactur-ingN energy development^ materials^ information technology^ equipments^ electric power and so on are the deepest and the most extensive. The translation is a precondition for all deeper cooperations , as well as a key to ensuring the smooth development of cooperations. Nowadays, the employers desperately demand the compound talents majoring in science and engineering who master translation skills. University English teaching is the main place where science and engineering universities cultivate translation tal-ents0 In order to stimulate the implement of One Belt and One Road Conception, University English teaching should be performed a reform of "the supply side".
Teaching Objectives Settings
Nowadays in China, English teaching objectives of most science and engineering universities are set according to Guidelines on College English Teaching 2017 " university English teaching objective is to cultivate student's ability in application of English language; enhance the awareness of transcultural communication and ability of communication; at the same time, develop the ability of independent study; enhance comprehensive culture literacy, make them effectively use English in their studyN livesN social communication and the future works; meet the needs of country society^ university and personal development." [1] Under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception, science and engineering universities must immediately set teaching objectives according to the situations of science and engineering universities. "Teachers must improve student's ability in application of oral English language, especially make them learn to use the inner language of the residents of the target countries; enhance students' theories and practices ability of translation and interpretation; know the national conditions of the countries along One Belt and One Road; consciously cultivate students' transcultural understanding ability; be able to master the English vocabularies used in science and engineering majors; improve the ability of be proficient in using the English with local characteristics in the environment of professional work; be able to expertly and normatively translate all kinds of professional text files," which are included in teaching objectives.
The Choices of Teaching Materials
Nowadays, the English teaching materials of the most universities in China are New College English
Integrated Course series^ New Progressive English Integrated Course series of Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press and New Horizon College English series of Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press and so on. Under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception, the university English teaching materials used in university English class must be adjusted accordingly. The teachers may add some materials according to the requirements of students, and explain some of them to students such as practical English speaking series; translation practice skills; country along One Belt and One Road culture series; professional English vocabulary of science and engineering universities and so on. According to requirement situation of translation talents majoring in science and engineering under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception, teachers should write university English materials that are suitable for science and engineering students of their own universities. In the course of writing university English materials, teachers should pay more attention to the application of science and engineering English. Teachers should choose English materials used by the universities of countries along One Belt and One Road , in order to improve students' transcultural understanding ability. "write translation training materials that are suitable for science and engineering students, set up the question bank for translation practice and self-test of students in class and after class." [2,C, 29] Curriculums Arrangements Under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception, according to the demand of teaching objectives and the requirement situation of translation talents majoring in science and engineering, universities should arrange English curriculum in modularity way. In the first year of university, teachers should pay more attention to the basic English language abilities such
as:listeningN speaking^ reading^ writing^ translation . Teachers should arrange listening and speaking classN reading and writing classN translation class. In listening and speaking class, teachers should first teach students the basic pronunciation rules, help students be familiar with the inner language of the residents of the countries along One Belt and One Road such as idomsN proverbs^ frequently-used oral English expressions and so on. In the reading and writing class, teachers should try their best to choose literal materials of countries along One Belt and One Road, which doesn't only cultivate reading and writing abilities of students, but also cultivates students' transcultural understanding ability. In translation class , teachers pay more attention to teaching students the basic knowledge of translation theory and practice. In the aspect of translation theory, teachers should teach students translation theory from NidaN Peter New-marksN Derrida^ Vermeer^ Simon and so on. In the aspect of translation practice, teachers teach students "the types of words are changed^ add wordsN minus wordsN repetition^ omit wordsN Yes is changed into No or No is changed into Yes, divide sentences^ a lot of sentences are changed into one sentence, transla-
tion skill of passive voice, and noun clause, attributive clause, adverbial clause, long sentence, idioms, mimetic words" and so on. [3, C, 44-176] In the second year of the university, teachers pay more attention to cultivating students' transcultural understanding ability and the ability of be proficient in translating and interpreting between Chinese and English in the environment of professional work. Teachers should set international culture communication classN professional English classN translation practice class.
In the international culture communication class, teachers must broaden students' horizon, teach students the police, economy. Culture, religion, laws, idioms and so on of the countries along One Belt and One Road. Teachers could use original teaching materials from the countries along One Belt and One Road. In the professional English class, first, teachers must teach students professional English vocabularies and expressions. Next, students could be encouraged to further read English works about science and engineering majors under the guidance of teachers. After students accumulate some professional English words and expressions, students could be encouraged to create professional text materials in professional English words so that the students could have the ability of writing professional text materials in professional English vocabularies. In translation practice class, teachers must teach students the ways to translate text materials about science and engineering majors and how to be proficient in carrying out interpretation activities in professional fields. Teachers could choose text materials from the countries along One Belt and One Road as training materials, such as laws and regulations^ project contracts^ project programmes. In the aspect of English interpretation, teachers teach students some shorthand symbols that can replace English language in the professional field, which can further improve the efficiency when students interpret in professional English.
The Designs of Teaching Steps
Teaching steps are designed on the basis of the requirement situation of translation talents majoring in science and engineering under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception and students' interests. Teachers may take different kinds of the teaching modes. Teachers could use Situation Simulation Test(SST). Teachers could choose the situations associated with One Belt and One Road Conception, and ask students to carry out the simulation demonstrations in groups. Under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception, China and the countries along One Belt and One Road often launch cooperation projects about the large machinery technologies. For example, teachers could choose the machinery cooperation between China and the countries along One Belt and One Road as the topic of situation simulation demonstration. From discussing the machinery technology cooperation at the beginning, solving each other's differences, signing the machinery technology contract, to carrying out the machinery technology contracts at last, the simulation demonstrations of all the steps are carried out by students. In the course of
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the simulation demonstration, teachers must guide students to use professional English. In science and engineering universities, colleges such as College of Mechanical Engineering^ College of Information Science and Technology^ College of Materials^ College of Sciences^ College of Foreign Languages should strengthen the cooperations and jointly design translation teaching steps. For example, teachers who major in different subjects jointly give a class, and teachers and students together finish a case about One Belt and One Road Conception in a class. Teachers could also choose debate style as teaching step in class, in order to improve students' abilities of applying oral English and dealing with and responding to emergencies.
Students' Independent Study
The class time of students is limited, how to guide students to make good use of time after class is also the important step of succeeding in cultivating advanced translation talents in science and engineering universities. Teachers should reasonably set student's tasks after class in detail according to the characteristics of students in science and engineering universities and the requirement situation of translation talents majoring in science and engineering under the implement of One Belt and One Road Conception. Teachers should give students some assignments such as reading professional English works and translation exercises about professional English, and guide students to take notes. After class, students carry out professional field simulation activities in groups in English language environment. The courses of activity can be recorded into video materials. According to the content of video materials, teachers should give some essential advice to students in time. After class, teachers should recommend some works about the society and culture of the countries along One belt and Road such as of Economy and Management Publishing House, which improves students' transcultural understanding ability. Teachers guide students to visit and practice in foreign companies from countries along One belt and Road, further understand the newest situation of the major field. Students work in English language context, which further improve the translation ability of students in science and engineering universities.
The Strategies for Cultivating Science Translators in Technology Universities of China Under the Framework of One Belt and One Road Conception
Xia Xiaodong
Shenyang Ligong University Liaoning
"One Belt and One Road Conception" take the cooperations among countries to a higher level. Under a new era, the demand for the talents majoring in science and engineering who can have a good grasp of translation skills is very urgent. Using the requirement situation of talents majoring in science and engineering as a starting point, the paper points out the The specific strategies for cultivating translators in science and engineering universities under the framework of One Belt and One Road Conception are presented from five aspects, namely teaching objectives settings, the choices of teaching materials, curricu-lums arrangements, the designs of teaching steps, the independent study of students after classes.
Keywords: One Belt and One Road, translation, science and engineering universities, curriculums arrangements, Situation Simulation Test(SST)
References
1. http://wyx.hacz.edu.cn/s/17/t/85/d4/55/info54357.htm (дата обращения: 03.03.2019)
2. Zhou jian. Study on the Cultivation of College Students' transla-
tion ability in Science and Engineering Universi-ties.[J].University Education, 2014: 29.
3. A Course in English-Chinese Translation[M].Shanghai: Shanghai
Foreign Language Education Press, 2007.
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