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0УДК 33 Allakulyyeva J., Yayylova O., Garlyyev U.
Allakulyyeva J.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Yayylova O.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Garlyyev U.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
STATE REGULATION OF BUSINESS AND ITS BASIC PRINCIPLES
Аннотация: this article provides a brief overview of state regulation of business operations. It also discusses the issue of the implementation of these guarantees between the state and society and the role of the state in the economy.
Ключевые слова: economics, management, business economics, finance, financial account, assets, intangible assets, competitiveness.
Economists and politicians of all times tried to solve the problem of the role of the state in the economy within the framework of the economic theory that dominated the political structure that existed at that time.
In a market economy, the state cannot be limited only to the regulatory function, it must create the conditions for social cooperation in society. Regardless of the structure of the state and the type of government, there is a need for certain norms and institutions that guarantee basic rights and freedoms for both the national economy and society as a whole.
In order to implement these guarantees between the state and the society, a life contract is concluded, which envisages having a certain mechanism in the hands of the state to ensure the guaranteed freedoms. Sustainable development of a country is impossible without an effective government, which is necessary to create the norms and institutions that allow markets to grow and the country to prosper in prosperity.
The Constitution guarantees the integrity of the economic space, the free movement of goods, the support of competition, and the freedom of economic activity. But economic freedom presupposes economic order, that is, a contract between the state and business.
The influence of the state on the economy is absolute within the framework of a single state ownership, in the conditions of a planned economy in the administrative-command system of management. Management of the economy in a planned-centralized manner presupposes the state's complete absorption of the produced products and their distribution among the participants in the production process based on instructions.
In case of different types of ownership, democratic structure of society and market economy, the participation of the state in economic processes is low. As the economy develops and market relations develop, the level of such participation declines. But the role of state institutions is always important in the period of formation of institutional foundations and strengthening of market opportunities. The level of involvement of the state in the economy is determined by the level of development of the economy. A developed market economy implies government regulation and predictability. In practice, this is reflected in the existence of a certain economic strategy and industrial policy in the state.
Regulation by the state is a system of providing a favorable political, economic, legal and social environment for the stable development of the socioeconomic system and its individual subjects and their adaptation to changing economic conditions.
The main functions of the state regulation of the market economy are: 1) organizational stabilization - it stimulates economic development, ensures the
stability and predictability of the prices of life-important products, as well as the necessary level of employment of the population, 2) economic life - implements a fair distribution of income in society.
Based on the experience of the operation of the market economy in several countries, it shows that although the market mechanism is generally able to ensure the efficient use of resources, in some cases the market is not "enough" to achieve the maximum possible result. In such cases, government intervention is necessary to facilitate the deployment of funds. As a rule, such an intervention is aimed at: 1. Satisfying needs for public goods, which include national defense, maintenance of public order, environmental control, education, health care, and others. Universal consumption of these benefits is their characteristic - it is impossible to prevent a new consumer from using these benefits for free. For example, national defense ensures the same security of all citizens of that country and it is impossible to exclude anyone from its sphere of action. Since each new consumer can enjoy public goods for free, the desire not to pay for their production is natural. In this regard, this system is not attractive for private capital.
In this case, the market cannot be "adequately" regulated in the system of production and distribution of public goods, and the state takes over this task. One of the possible ways to solve this problem is the production of a part of the relevant goods in state-owned enterprises.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Law of Turkmenistan "On State Support of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs". - Ashgabat, 2009;
2. Law of Turkmenistan "On Enterprises". - Ashgabat, 2000
