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14
13. Kuznetsova Z., Kuznetsov A., Mutaeva I., Khalikov G., Zakharova A., 2015. Athletes training based on a complex assessment of functional state. In
Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology support. SCITEPRESS. P. 156-160 (Scopus).
Submitted: 20.04.2018
14. Kuznetsov A., Mutaeva I., Kuznetsova Z., 2017. Diagnostics of Functional State and Reserve Capacity of young Athletes' Organism. In Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology support. SCITEPRESS. P. 111-115 (Scopus).
Author's information:
Fursov A.V. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region- Yugra "Surgut State Pedagogical University", 628400, Russia, Surgut, Artem str., House 9, e-mail:_physical_science@,surgpu.ru Sinyavskiy N.I. - Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region- Yugra "Surgut State Pedagogical University", 628400, Russia, Surgut, Artem str., House 9, e-mail: physical_science@,surgpu.ru Beznosko N.N. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region- Yugra "Surgut State Pedagogical University", 628400, Russia, Surgut, Artem str., House 9, e-mail: physical_science@,surgpu.ru
Gerega N. N. - Postgraduate, Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region- Yugra "Surgut State Pedagogical University", 628400, Russia, Surgut, Artem str., House 9, e-mail:_physical_science@,surgpu.ru
DOI 10.14526/02_2018_325
SPIRITUAL VALUES OF NATURE MASTERING AS THE FACTOR, WHICH CONDITIONS A CONSUMER ATTITUDE TO ENVRONMENT CHANGE FOR NATURE
PROTECTING ONE
Astrakhantseva I. V.1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named After I.N. Ulyanov " Russia, Ulyanovsk, irina.astrahantsewa@yandex.ru
Annotation. In the opinion of the leading specialists in ecology, it is possible to find the way out of ecological crisis only if people change their attitude to environment, change consumer attitude to environment for nature protecting one. Fundamental change of the interaction with environment character is connected with the level of morality increase during the process of its spiritual values mastering. Ecological awareness and ecological culture formation is presented by state declaring the necessity to change consumer attitude to environment for nature protecting one, spiritual values of nature mastering. It proves the necessity to organize a purposeful ecological education and ecological upbringing activity in all parts of a national education system. Materials. The author sees the way of the country transformation in developing the system of education and upbringing, which provide axiological attitude of people to environment formation. The article presents theoretical substantiation of the necessity to reorient society from material values of nature to spiritual ones, which have a positive influence on moral sphere of a personality, on a personal
development and improvement. Research methods: scientific and methodical literature analysis, lectures, conversations, discussions, role plays, excursions, pedagogical experience of the specialists in the sphere of practical ecological activity analysis, pedagogical experiment, testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The problem solution of a consumer attitude to environment change for nature protecting one is connected with the methodology creation of spiritual values of environment mastering. It provides educational and upbringing process organization using active forms and methods of teaching, which provide a purposeful influence on sensory systems, emotional experience, without which a person won't be able to realize his place on the Earth. The author considers the system of nature spiritual values and offers his own approach to the methodology of their mastering projection, based on sensory systems activity. Owing to analyzers, a person percepts outer world, not only being guided by intellect, logical thinking, personal experience, but also by inner feelings, empathy and unity with nature. Conclusion. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed the prospectivity of the offered approach to state system of ecological education improvement, directed at spiritual values of nature mastering by the future teachers and which helps to influence not only intellectual, but also psycho-emotional sphere of a personality.
Keywords: ecological education, spiritual values of nature, pedagogical experiment, evaluation criteria.
For citations: Astrakhantseva I. V. Spiritual values of nature mastering as the factor, which conditions a consumer attitude to envronment change for nature protecting one. The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Pedagogico-Phycological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports). 2018; 13(2): 154-160. DOI 10.14526/02_2018_325
INTRODUCTION
The problems of environment protection, a rational use of natural resources are the most urgent problems of today. Global ecological crisis influenced all aspects of people interaction with nature, conditioning fundamental changes in foreign and home policy of the state. Federal Laws "On changes and supplements introduction into the law of the Russian Federation", "On education" and also state strategy of Russia development till 2020 offer new directions of personality development, ready to be responsible for different problems, including ecological problems, which is connected with axiological orientations change. The reason for the existing state of nature specialists in ecology consider immoral attitude to environment, not understanding the essence of a man as the part of nature. The degree of a man dependence realization on environment state is conditioned by the level of ecological world view and the integral system of view and notions formation, based on natural-science, economic and juridical knowledge, which determines the character of a person's
attitude to environment. As A.V. Nazarenko considers, 2013, ecological world view has a difficult structural content, presented by a cognitive, activity-oriented, aesthetic, health improving and emotional-valuable components. Ecological knowledge broadens, concretizes and identifies the notions of outer world, provides the belief of life forms diversity formation on the Earth, which influence the quality of a person's life. Activity oriented component provides a purposeful training for a practical ecological activity, during which people have different kinds of interaction with environment. Aesthetic component provides the skills formation of a perfect nature beauty perception, harmonizing the inner state. Health improving component is presented in a positive influence of natural powers of environment and hygienic factors on physiological systems of an organism. The base of emotional-axiological component is spiritual and material values of nature mastering in their close connection and interdependence.
Professional-pedagogical worldview formation undergoes a difficult stage, being formed as a steady system of connections, which provide the system of special theoretical knowledge and ecological activity experience gaining in solving different ecological problems and also valuable information and personal experience transfer to people. Ecological worldview and ecological awareness realization happens in case of professional maturity achievement at the moment of full potentialities of an individual revelation. Ecological education provides the future teacher training for perception and reprocessing the system of special ecological knowledge in the sphere of interaction with nature. Thus, the level of education, ecological culture and morality is a necessary condition for a normal society functioning.
The aim of this work is a theoretical substantiation of outer world spiritual values importance in order to change consumer attitude for nature protecting one.
Objectives: 1. To reveal spiritual values of environment and their influence on inner state of an individual.
2. To check experimentally the effectiveness of spiritual values influence on the character of a person's attitude to environment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A modern stage of social development is characterized by industrial megacities, which condition the appearance of harmful for psychic and physical health substances in the places of people accumulation. Industrial influences ruin connections of natural biofields with a person's biofield, their informational flows have negative influence on psychic state of people, which conditions the character of physiological systems violation at different levels. S.N. Glazachev, 2004; I S. Ilyasova, 2009; A.A. Nesterova, 2011; A.V. Nazarenko, 2012, 2013; E.V. Ivanova, 2015 and other specialists in ecology see the way out in fundamental change of the attitude to nature by means of morality level increase, the degree of personal responsibility
formation for environment state. The steady dynamics of ruinous processes in nature realization as a result of a consumer attitude to it is an important condition for ecological worldview formation, the methodological basis of which is personal experience of an individual's life, the level of interaction norms and rules with environment mastering. Reflecting the system of views and notions of people concerning reality, ecological worldview characterizes the degree of ecological awareness and ecological thinking formation, which determine the peculiarities of nature perception from the positions of the achieved professional training level. With ecological crisis appearance there appeared the necessity to form the belief in consumer attitude to environment change for nature protecting one by means of the following things mastering:
- ideological mindsets, which condition the main priorities in the process of interaction with outer world;
- norms and rules of axiological-normative relations with environment.
Considerable ecological situation deterioration provided value realization of different lives forms on Earth and their influence on life effectiveness of people. Also great importance of environment aesthetic and improving influence on spiritual-moral state should be taken into consideration. Fundamentally changed social-philosophic notions conditioned new principles of nature and resources use mastering, based on self-restriction of a person's needs, their coordination with nature opportunities. Scientists-ecologists came to the conclusion, that the idea of knowledge and nature protecting attitude to environment combination on the basis of ecological worldview, ecological awareness and ecological thinking is an effective instrument of interaction character control between a man and nature during its spiritual-moral values mastering. Outer world actively influences all sensory systems of a man. The mechanism of this influence is the following: impulses from environment go to central nervous system
through visual, auditory, olfactory and other analyzers and support its tonus at an optimal level. Physiologists experimentally set that in case of animals' vestibular, olfactory and other sensory systems removal the tonus of their nervous system decreased and most time they were in the state of sleep [12]. The signals, which are received through different analyzers, provide functions regulation in an organism by means of new reactions or correction of already formed character of activity. Formed in this case feedback through sensory systems goes to central nervous system, owing to this increases the effectiveness of the fulfilled work. Nature has always positive influence on psycho-emotional sphere of a man. The diversity of different colors has the following impact:
- blue harmonizes inner state;
- green symbolizes development;
- red leads to the feeling of power and sensitivity increase;
- orange increases optimism and self-confidence;
- yellow gives additional impulse in the desire to self-development, improves mood, emotional state, causes life powers increase.
With nature wakening a person feels renewal and need for spiritual growth: looking after buds, which announce a new life beginning, with leaves appearance, which are the sign of growth; being among the trees, each of which is perceived depending on the inner state of a person: oak as a symbol of power, pine-tree as a symbol of purification and etc.. The feeling of unity between people and nature proves the desire of a man to form the culture of feelings, aesthetic ideals, its spiritual values mastering, which are presented by the following:
- unique ability of plants and animals to survive and demonstrate vitality;
- the right to existence realization of all forms of life on the Earth as the condition for integrity of environment preservation;
- the ability to estimate objectively the level of environment on an organism aesthetic and health improving influence;
- the formation level of personal responsibility understanding for environment state.
RESEARCH RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION
In order to reveal the importance of nature spiritual values and their influence on the character of attitude to environment a pedagogical experiment was held. 84 students of the 1st-2nd courses from different faculties took part in the experiment. The future teachers were divided into the control group (CG) and the experimental group (EG), each group included 42 people. Students were offered to choose perfect, in their opinion, pictures of nature and estimate their natural beauty in points according to the following criteria:
- unusual form of natural object;
- the number of presented on it color shades and their combination;
- ecological feelings and senses, caused by the beauty of the observed picture of nature.
Evaluation criteria:
5 points - a clear description of the observed natural object artistic image, pinpoint reference to color shades and also own feelings and senses during the contemplation;
4 points - the ability to convey the artistic image of the natural object, own admiration in terms of its insufficient validity;
3 points - general description of aesthetic impressions from the observed object without artistic image use;
2 points - inability to convey in a figurative form the beauty of the seen picture of nature;
1 point - imbalance between aesthetic estimation of a natural object and its external parameters.
Students from the CG and the EG failed the task to find the example of the ability to survive among plants and animals around. The level of theoretical knowledge in ecology didn't let students from the CG and the EG reveal the main theses, which characterize the degree of spiritual values of nature mastering. In the CG ecology lessons
were held in accordance with the curriculum and ecology program. Students from the EG got the tasks, concerning independent study of ecology textbook units and additional literature, which showed interconnection and interdependence of all life existence forms on the Earth. The degree of new knowledge mastering was checked during seminars and practical lessons. During the lectures students from the EG were given the material about aesthetic and health improving influence of natural factors of environment on a man; material about control and management conditions of natural means influence on emotional and physical state of people. Moreover, these questions could be additionally studied using the sources, recommended by a teacher.
Knowledge check, views and ecological beliefs formation of students from the EG was realized during outdoor seminars and practical lessons, as a result of which additional questions were included into the content of lectures. These questions helped them orient themselves better in the information about nature state, the reasons of its destruction; factors, which provide or prevent environment parameters deterioration. The future teachers were offered the topics for ecological projects, the fulfillment of which broadened their notions of outer world, stimulated their cognitive and creative activity. During rest days and holidays ecological trips and excursions to different natural parks, preserved natural monuments, ruined landscapes were organized; the peculiarities of flora and fauna, their influence on environment were studied, health improving and aesthetic potential was revealed; material was gathered for course projects, scientific student reports fulfillment; the experience of practical ecological activity was summarized.
After the end of the pedagogical experiment students from the CG and the EG were offered to find the example of vitality among flora and fauna; perfectly beautiful object of nature with further explanation of own opinion; reveal health improving
influence of natural factors; prove each person's responsibility for environment state. The marks were given by expert group of teachers, experienced specialists in ecology (5 people) according to 5-point system. The research results analysis showed that the quality of answers improved in both groups: the CG and the EG, with considerable advantage of students from the EG. In the CG with the initial results of the ability to reveal perfect in its aesthetic influence picture of nature and own choice explanation 3,09±0,27 points, to the end of the pedagogical experiment the mark was 3,21±0,25 points, (p>0,05); in the EG with the initial indices 3,04±0,19 points, to the end of the pedagogical experiment the results increased till 4,12±0,28 points, (p<0,05). In the CG with the initial data of the ability to find a unique example of survival, vitality in nature and explain own choice 3,07±0,24 points, to the end of the pedagogical experiment the indices increased till 3,13±0,29 points, (p>0,05); in the EG with the initial results 3,09±0,19 points, to the end of the pedagogical experiment the results improved and were 4,14±0,23 points, (p<0,05). The same dynamics of more considerable results increase of spiritual nature values mastering in the experimental group was revealed according to other studied indices.
CONCLUSION
Thus, the results of the pedagogical experiment showed that the base of nature protecting attitude to environment is its spiritual values mastering, which influence a personality's moral qualities formation. Orientation to preferred use of environment material values, desire to gain comfort conditioned consumer attitude to nature and caused man estrangement from environment. The importance of nature spiritual values explanation for interaction harmonization between society and environment, their essence revelation, positive influence on psycho-emotional and physical state of a person realization help to find own place in subject-subjective relations of "nature-man" system, provide consumer attitude to
environment change for nature protecting one and also qualitative life improvement of people. The created methodology of spiritual values influence on the character of a person's attitude to environment provides harmonization of society and environment interaction, the future teachers' professional training improvement, their educational space broadening, own status realization in solving state problems of going out of ecological crisis.
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Submitted: 24.05.2018
Capacity of young Athletes' Organism. In Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology support. SCITEPRESS. P. 111-115 (Scopus).
Author's information:
Astrakhantseva I. V. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Acting Associate Professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named After I.N. Ulyanov", 432700, Russia, Ulyanovsk, The Area Of The 100th Anniversary Of The Birth of V. I. Lenina, House4, e-mail: irina.astrahantsewa@yandex.ru
DOI 10.14526/02_2018_326
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF ENGINEERING PROFILE STUDENTS AIRBORNE TRAINING INDIVIDUALIZATION
12 3
Kuznetsova.M. , Ryabchuk V. A. , Labeshchenkov O. V.
1Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named After I. N. Ulyanov Russia, Ulyanovsk, kzm_diss@mail.ru 2Tyumen State University Russia, Tyumen, aryabchuk@bk.ru 3Tyumen Higher Military Engineering Command School (Military Institute) Named After Marshal
of Engineering Troops A. I. Proshlyakov Russia, Tyumen, kzm_diss@mail.ru Annotation. One of the most important components of cadets physical training is individualization of different orientation physical loads. Successful implementation of military personnel professional tasks is carried out under the condition of effective physical, psychological and mental load. Airborne training includes performing in full uniform parachute jumps and solving tasks not only on the battlefield, but also in the area of the enemy, not finding himself and his comrades. In this regard, the process of adaptation individualization to physical and psychological stress should be considered as a condition of survival in certain, sometimes unfavorable or even extreme conditions. Materials. The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of the individual approach in the process of air training of cadets. Research methods: analysis of special literature, questionnaire survey of respondents, methods of Express diagnostics " D & K", pedagogical observation, modeling, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The training of cadets as a process of influence on the improvement of internal and external mechanisms of the body systems functioning and adaptation of the body to the complex changing conditions of life in terms of the person individual adaptation. The activity of military engineers is modeled and the expert indicators, such as the indicator of the serviceman success, moral and political level, sociometric index, motivation to activity, types of training, energy, somatics, psychophysiology, will, emotional stability, mobilization of abilities, physiological reserves are revealed. The necessity of creating individual cumulative functional model of cadets in the engineering field including indicators of "D&K" are presented. Conclusion. The factors that should be considered when individualizing training: monitoring of the functional state and reserve
