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160SPECIFIC FEATURES OF NEWSPAPER STYLE IN ENGLISH
Okboyeva Z.B.
Okboyeva Zulfiya Bobonazarovna - Senior Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES, REFRESHER TRAINING INSTITUTE, KARSHI, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article is dealt with the problems of newspaper style which may be defined as a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means. Information about the history of appearing of newspaper writing is discussed in the article as well. Keywords: newspaper style, information, advertisements and announcements, news items, headline, interpretation, pamphlets, publication, press.
English newspaper style may be defined as a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means which is perceived by the community speaking the language as a separate unity that basically serves the purpose of informing and instructing the reader.
Since the primary function of newspaper style is to impart information, only printed matter serving this purpose comes under newspaper style proper. Such matter can be classed as:
1. brief news items and communiqués;
2. press reports (parliamentary, of court proceedings, etc.);
3. articles purely informational in character;
4. advertisements and announcements.
The most concise form of newspaper informational is the headline. The headlines of news items, apart from giving information about the subject-matter, also carry a considerable amount of appraisal (the size and arrangement of the headline, the use of emotionally colored words and elements of emotive syntax), thus indicating the interpretation of the facts in the news item that follows.
We addressed to the research works of well-known linguist I.R. Galperin once more and found out the following definition on the newspaper style: "Newspaper style was the last of all the styles of written literary English to be recognized as a specific form of writing standing apart from other forms".
English newspaper writing dates from the 17th century. At the close of the 16th century short news pamphlets began to appear. Any such publication either presented news from only one source or dealt with one specific subject. Note the titles of some of the earliest news pamphlets: "Newenewes, containing a short rehearsal of Stukely's and Morice's Rebellion" (1579), "Newes from Spain and Holland" (1593), "Wonderfuland strange newes out of Suffolke and Essex, where it raynedwheat ,the space of six or seven miles" (1583). News pamphlets appeared only from time to time and cannot be classed as newspapers, though they were unquestionably the immediate forerunners of the British press.
The first of any regular series of English newspapers was the Weekly News which first appeared on May 23, 1622. It lasted for some twenty years till in 1641 it ceased publication. The 17th century saw the rise of a number of other news sheets which, with varying success, struggled on in the teeth of discouragement and restrictions imposed by the Crown. With the introduction of a strict licensing system many such sheets were suppressed, and the Government, in its turn, set before the public a paper of its own—The London Gazette, first published on February 5, 1666. The paper was a semi-weekly and carried official information, royal decrees, news from abroad, and advertisements.
Not all the printed matter found in newspapers comes under newspaper style.
The modern newspaper carries material of an extremely diverse character. On the pages of a newspaper one finds not only news and comment on it, press reports and articles, advertisements and announcements, but also stories and poems, crossword puzzles, chess
problems and the like. Since the latter serve the purpose of entertaining the reader, they cannot be considered specimens of newspaper style. It is newspaper printed matter that performs the function of informing the reader and providing him with an evaluation of the information published that can be regarded as belonging to newspaper style.
Thus, English newspaper style may be defined as a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means which is perceived by the community as a separate linguistic unity that serves the purpose of informing and instructing the reader. Information and evaluation co-exist in the modern English newspaper, and it is only in terms of diachrony that the function of information can claim priority.
In fact, all kinds of newspaper writing are to a greater or lesser degree both informative and evaluative. But, of course, it is obvious that in most of the basic newspaper "genres" one of the two functions prevails; thus, for example, news of all kinds is essentially informative, whereas the editorial is basically evaluative.
The newspaper also seeks to influence public opinion on political and other matters. Elements of appraisal may be observed in the very selection and way of presentation of news, in the use of specific vocabulary, such as allege and claim, casting some doubt on the facts reported, and syntactic constructions indicating a lack of assurance on the part of the reporter as to the correctness of the facts reported or his desire to avoid responsibility.
References
1. Ashurova D. U., Galieva M.R. Stylistics of literary text. Tashkent, 2013.
2. GalperinI.R. Stylistics. M.: Higher School Publ. House, 1981.
3. EtkindE.L. Reading newspapers. M.: URAO, 2004. 35-37 p.
