26SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF USING FERGHANA REGION'S PILGRIMS FOR TOURISTIC
PURPOSES
L. M. Qosimov S. F. Qosimova Q. Q. Tursunov
Master Student, Fergana Master Student, Fergana Polytechnic Master Student, Fergana
Polytechnic Institute Institute Polytechnic Institute
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: qobilj on.tursunov@bk. ru
ABSTRACT
The article analyzes and gives recommendations on the current state, features and some restrictions on the use of pilgrims in the Ferghana valley for touristic purposes.
Keywords: tourism, pilgrimage, pilgrimage tourism, recreational opportunities, recreation area, Fergana valley.
INTRODUCTION
Today, the country is gradually implementing comprehensive measures to diversify the national economy, accelerate the development of regions, create new jobs, increase incomes and living standards, and increase the country's investment attractiveness as one of the strategic industries.
The liberalization of the visa regime, the simplification of the registration procedure for foreign citizens, the provision of benefits and preferences for the development of the tourism industry made it possible to effectively promote national tourism potential in the domestic and foreign markets.
At the same time, the analysis shows the imperfection of the regulatory framework governing the tourism industry, the lack of rules for the provision of individual tourist services, as well as the widely used individual visa regimes in world practice by categories, terms and purposes of stay.
There is also a lack of housing and infrastructure, especially during the tourist season, inadequate coordination of passenger transport in various modes of transport, as well as a low level of organization of providing tourists with information about the available tourist potential, promotion of domestic tourism, cultural heritage and pilgrimage. The inefficiency of marketing campaigns is one of the problems that negatively affect the rapid development of tourism.
Today, tourism is one of the three fastest-growing sectors of the economy after the oil and chemical industries, accounting for 20% of world GDP.
Also, the fact that one in eight employed persons is engaged in tourism demonstrates the relevance of the development of this sector of the economy.
Today tourism is one of the three fastest-growing sectors of the economy after the oil and chemical industry, accounting for 20% of world GDP.
In addition, the fact that every eighth employed person is engaged in tourism indicates the relevance of the development of this sector of the economy.
Creation of favourable conditions for the development of tourism, especially in the private sector, increasing the competitiveness and quality of services, active and comprehensive promotion of national tourism products in the world market, as well as proposals made to the Address of the President of Uzbekistan to the Oliy Majlis dated December 28, 2018. In order to implement in practice and accordance with the tasks set out in the Action Strategy for five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021, improve the regulatory framework in the field of tourism, introduce international norms and standards aimed at creating favourable conditions for tourism ... creating a favourable tourism environment, developing transport logistics, expanding domestic and foreign routes, improving the quality of transport services, various segments of the tourism market diversifying tourism products and services, developing domestic tourism and promoting tourism products in the international and domestic tourism markets, strengthening the country's image as a safe place for travel and recreation, creating incentives for tourism activities aimed at meeting the demand for tourism services in the country. tasks - important tasks facing the industry [1].
The purpose of this study is to solve the above issues and study the situation in the Fergana region, study various historical sites in the region from the point of view of tourism, as well as develop appropriate proposals and recommendations [2].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The most lucrative sector of the tourism industry today is pilgrimage tourism. We see that the Republic of Uzbekistan has a high potential for the development of this tourism sector. In particular, the Fergana region has a high potential not only for recreational opportunities but also for the development of other tourism sectors. In particular, the presence of more than 400 shrines in the Fergana Valley is a guarantee of the development of the industry. Even the "Ford" company, within the framework of the international project "Nara Silk Road", explored all the attractions of the Fergana Valley and East Turkestan. As a result, it was noted that in terms of the number of
pilgrims in the Fergana Valley and the contribution of scientists to the development of religious education, they surpass the Samarkand and Bukhara ulema [3].
Also, since 1994, at the initiative of UNESCO, within the framework of the Great Silk Road project, a concept for the development of tourism has been developed, the culture, traditions and values of the inhabitants of the Fergana Valley have been studied [5].
The development of inbound tourism in the Fergana Valley is of great importance in increasing the tourism potential of the region, in the formation of a tourist image. However, it should be recognized that many shrines of the Fergana Valley are associated with the period of early penetration of Islam. Located in the village of Bagish, Dangara district, Fergana region, Khuzhai Turab buva can be used to form a tourist image of the region, but we cannot recognize it as a tourist brand.
First of all, this shrine is attributed to Imam Muhammad Bakir. According to sources, Imam Bakir (676-734) was born and buried in Medina, where he lived. This shows that the shrine is a symbolic mausoleum.
Secondly, the use of this shrine in the development of foreign tourism can lead to various conflicts between tourists and pilgrims with religious and secular knowledge. It is more expedient to use this shrine only for the development of local tourism.
If we look at the experience of world pilgrimage tourism today, in countries where Buddhism is widespread, various objects of the Buddha and in areas where Christianity is widespread, the consecration of objects associated with the name of Jesus Christ is common, while in Islam the name of Muhammad ( s.a.v.) other. consecration of objects is common. In particular, in the Fergana Valley, we can meet the shrines of the Prophet in the cities of Margilan and Kokand. Currently, such sacred items are stored mainly in Pakistan, India, Iran and Turkey, but they were brought to Central Asia since the 9th-10th centuries. The Muyi Mubarak shrine in Kokand was formed during the reign of the Kokand Khan Muhammad Alikhan. Once it served as one of the khan's residences. Today the shrine has lost its original appearance and is in disrepair. In order to use this shrine in the formation of the image of tourism, the attractiveness of the industry can only increase if tourism develops through the organization of theatrical performances and folk games of the times of Muhammad Alikhan, Khudoyorkhan. Because the items associated with the name of our Prophet have not reached our time in any of the khans named Mui Mubarak in the history of our country [4, 6].
In the Uchkuprik district of the Fergana region, there is a shrine named after Sayyid Battol Gaziy, who died in 739 during the war with Byzantium and was buried
in Rome. However, many shrines are associated with his name in Central Asia, including in the Fergana Valley. Many such shrines arose on behalf of the propagandists of Islam, especially the descendants of Hazrat Ali, due to the use of their authority among the people. It is not recommended to use this shrine directly to increase the attractiveness of foreign tourism, and the large number of shrines associated with its name in the country can lead to various misunderstandings, mainly in the development of local tourism or due to the creation of "travel along the path of Islam" can be used to form the image of foreign tourism [7].
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
It should be noted that in our country we see that there are many shrines associated with female names. If you focus on the experience of world religious tourism, you can see the shrines associated with the name of a woman in Buddhism, as well as Christianity. Such shrines are also common in the Islamic world. The shrine of Mother Mushkulkishod in the Fergana Valley, Safed-Bulon (Namangan village) Zuraik Momo and Bibi Ubaida are among the most popular shrines in the Fergana Valley. There is also the Bobo Gambar shrine in the village of Fayziabad, Altiyarik region, which is believed to be the burial place of the horseman Hazrat Ali Bobo Gambar, but the original Bobo Gambar's tomb is in Kufa. The popularity of Hazrat Ali in the Islamic world led to the spread of the fame of Baba Kambar. Bobo Kambar is also referred to as the patron saint of thunder and rain. While the Turkic peoples considered Bobo Kambar the patron saint of horsemen, the Kyrgyz and Uighurs considered him the patron saint of horse breeding, the Turkmen considered him the patron saint of singers and songwriters. This is why the shrines associated with the name of Baba Kambar are recognized as one of the most visited shrines in the Islamic world. There is also a shrine to Hazrat Ali's cousin Bobo Akhtam in the Altiaryk region, and Bobo Akhtam went down in history with his courage. Although the tomb of Hazrat Akhtam was originally located in the city of Balkh, we can see that the symbolic tombs appeared in various regions due to the strong respect for him by Hazrat Ali. In this area, we see that there are shrines associated with the names of the sons of Hazrat Ali. The Khorasan sanctuary in the village of Borbalyk of the region is associated with the name of Muhammad Hanafi, who conquered Khorasan, who died 700 years ago and converted the population to Islam. Due to the large number of shrines associated with his name only in the Fergana Valley, this led to the emergence of shrines with the names of Khoja Ilgor, Imam Ota, Tosh ota.
The most famous shrine of the Fergana Valley, named after Hazrat Ali, is located in the Shohimardon village of the Fergana region. The shrine of Hazrat Ali in Shahimardon, the shrine of Bohouddin Naqshbandi in the Bukhara Emirate and the shrine of Polvon ota in Khiva are the flowers of the shrines of the Fergana Valley.
The current shrine was rebuilt in 1993 by craftsmen from Margilan Sayyid Akbaralikhon Omonullohon Tora oglu and Isokjon Akhunov. There is also a Fifty Footsteps stone associated with the name of Hazrat Ali in Shahimardon, and a camel with the name of the camel that brought Hazrat Ali's coffin in front of him. It also houses the shrine of Shah Talib, the fourth generation of Hazrat Ali. Shah Talib built the first mausoleum of Hazrat Ali in Fergana. There is also a shrine in the village of Shahimardon named after Umar Ummiya, the tent of Hazrat Ali. The Aksu mausoleum is named after the white camel Hazrat Ali. There are legends that Beshpanja was cut with the sword of Hazrat Ali and formed a lake. There are legends that the shrine associated with the golden cradle of Hazrat Ali was located in a cave on Shahimardon Mountain. In the village of Jordan, the coffin of Hazrat Ali is the first place of camel worship, and people visit it as a sacred place. On October 3, 2019, by the Government Decree "On measures to further develop the tourism potential of the Fergana region", the Shohimardon Tourism Development Directorate was created in the form of a state institution under the khokimiyat of the Fergana region. One of the main tasks of the Directorate is the development and implementation of the concept of tourism development in the Shohimardon and Yordon districts of the Fergana region, the development of new tourist routes, taking into account the ecotourism potential of these territories [8].
The Muyi Mubarak sanctuary in Margilan, named after the prophet Muhammad (s.a.v.), expressed the great love, affection, devotion and faith of its people to their prophets at the meetings of priests held in honour of the "blessed hair" of the valley. In the presence of Holy Communion, people recalled the story of the prophet whom they had previously studied, their memories of him and their mystical knowledge. He inspired poets and contributed to the creation of wonderful nats and prayers. One of the main reasons for the popularity of the shrine of Shah Mansur and Nasir Shah, where Arab soldiers came to the Ferghana Valley under the leadership of Qutayba ibn Muslim to spread Islam in the Jormadoz mahalla in Margilan, is his direct grandson. The shrine of King Mansur is not a symbolic mausoleum, but a real tomb.
As a result of the persecution of the descendants of our Prophet during the reign of Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, the governor of the Ummah in Iraq, many descendants of Hazrat Ali also migrated to Central Asia. At the same time, the number of shrines associated with the name of Hazrat Ali increased in the Fergana Valley.
In the Yoyilma mahalla in Margilan, the sanctuary of Khoja Maaz was one of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.v.) named Maaz ibn Jabal. Although he died in 640 and did not come to Movarounnahr, in Khorezm, in addition to the Fergana Valley, there are shrines named after him. These pilgrimages are also important sites in the development of local tourism.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, we can say that, first of all, in the Fergana region there are many historical monuments, shrines and shrines, many of which are important objects in the development of local tourism.
Secondly, many shrines are associated with the spread of Islam, it is necessary to organize their scientific study by scientists and to prevent the occurrence of various conflicts between tourists and pilgrims with religious and secular knowledge when using this shrine in the development of foreign tourism. It is necessary to take control of the existing abandoned tourist sites in the region, to reconstruct these places in accordance with the recreational needs of the population and to develop direct local tourism. The image of foreign tourism can be formed and developed only through the creation of "travel along the paths of the spread of Islam" and similar routes. A radical increase in the tourist and logistic attractiveness of Uzbekistan, including, first of all: attraction of foreign airlines to flights at domestic airports, first of all, a radical improvement of the transport system with Europe and Southeast Asia; Promptly resolve the issue of increasing the flow of tourists along the Ziyorat tourist route, including attracting airlines to open regular flights from Muslim countries; To ensure intermodal transport within the country (bus, rail and air), it is advisable to focus on the further development of tourist transport and optimization of ticket prices for consumers.
REFERENCES
1. The national database of legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan: No. 06/18/5611/2430 dated January 6, 2019. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 5, 2019, No. PF-5611 "On additional measures for the accelerated development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan."
2. Kosimova, S. H., & Kosimov, L. M. (2020). Principles of forming a garden-park landscape design around historical monuments of the Fergana valley. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 10(6), 1582-1589.
3. State archive of Fergana region. 1160 - stock, 1 - list, 5 - folding volume, 8 - sheet.
4. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 17, 2018 No 671 "On approval of the Regulation on the methodology for the organization of parks and green areas."
5. State archive of Fergana region. 1160 - fund, 1 - list, 8 - folding volume, 18 - sheet
6. State archive of Fergana region. 1141 - fund, 1 - list, 48 - folding volume, 1 - sheet.
7. State archive of Fergana region. 1160 - fund, 1 - list, 6 - folding volume, 6 - sheet.
8. The national database of the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan: No. 09/19/843/3858 dated October 3, 2019. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 3, 2019 No 843 "On measures to further develop the tourist potential of Fergana region."
