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50ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ НАУКИ
THE ROLE OF THE HAKIM TERMIZI ARCHITECTURAL COMPLEX IN VISITING TOURISM
IN UZBEKISTAN Khayitov L.A.
Khayitov Lazizbek Azamatovich - PhD Student, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND SOURCE STUDY OF ISLAM
AND PHILOSOPHY, BUKHARA STATE UNIVERSITY, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: in our country, along with ancient monuments, sacred places, historical and cultural monuments, attracting tourists with their unique culture and traditions, its beautiful nature and beautiful places, the industry and infrastructure of tourism are being implemented in this direction. One of such places is the complex of Hakim at-Termizi, the great and famous scholar, who grew up in Termez. During his visit to Termez, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev noted that this shrine is a great spiritual heritage, a sacred place for Muslims, and stressed the need to study its history, to pass it on to our people and foreigners.
Keywords: architectural complex, tourism, Hadis, mosque, mausoleum, pilgrimage, halal tourism, infrastructure.
President of Republic Uzbekistan gave instructions to improve the area of archeology on the basis of archeological study and make it a great and beautiful shrine, such as Imam Bukhari and Imam Termizi's tombs. Hakim Termizi architectural complex is located 7 km north-west of Termez, Republic of Uzbekistan, on the right bank of the Amu Darya, on the border with the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Termez is the center of Surkhandarya region. The architectural complex was built during the 9th - 15th centuries. The complex consists of several architectural monuments such as a mosque, a mausoleum, a shrine and a sanctuary. The architectural complex is formed around the mausoleum of Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ali ibn
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Husain Hakim Termizi (755-869). The mausoleum was built on the Sheikh's shrine. In the ninth century, the khonakoh (xonaqoh) was built of raw brick. Hakim Termizi lived and worked there. He was buried here after his death. Then a tomb was erected on the tomb in the southwest corner of the cave, from the raw brick to the south. Later, there appeared some buildings such as the one attached to the eastern wall of the mausoleum; a small korikhona (qorixona) and the tomb of the Sheikh Abdulloh's son; northwards a three-cupola mosque that is not relatively big and is similar to path and other developments. During the Timurids' reign (15th century), the mausoleum was rebuilt with a perfect brick about 1.5 meters high. In the Abdullahan era (16th century), hazira that is, a nine-domed mosque including the old one in the courtyard was built. In the 19th century, a four-domed mosque was replaced instead of a nine-domed mosque. At the entrance to the south there is another mausoleum, which consists of a barn and a shrine and it is connected with the Hakim Termizi Mausoleum by the arches. In 1955-1957 the architectural complex was studied scientifically, and its appearance in the 15th century was restored. In 1980-1981 and 2000-2001, the mausoleum and the living room were reconstructed and serious decoration was given. There are many inscriptions in the architectural monuments of the architectural complex. In Uzbekistan, these writings were studied and published as albums in Uzbek, Russian and English. The information and texts about the monument were first published in 2011 in the album "Masterpieces in the Monuments of Uzbekistan", and later in the "Surkhandarya" of the album "Records of Uzbekistan" in 2016. The inscription on the inner wall of the mausoleum has a historical significance. It mentions the name of the patron and governor of the city of Termez, Ahmad bin Abi Bakr bin Kumach (Abu l-Muzaffar Ahmad Tagha Takin) that:
"The glory of kings and sultans, the protector of the lands of Allah, the refuge of the eye of Allah, the beloved servant of Allah, the lord of the world, the owner of the good deeds and the Koran, and the invincible King of God, supporting Islam and
Muslims; The King of the East Abu Tawheed Taqin - May Allah make his property forever!"
Among the inscriptions on the architectural complexes, verse 132 of Surat at-Taha says, "In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Merciful. And enjoin prayer on your followers, and be steadfast in it. We ask you for sustenance; on the contrary, We provide for you. The consequence is for the people of taqwa", besides there is a sentence: "With the name of Malik (Allah)". Hakim Termizi's tomb is made of white marble. The edges of the stone are adorned with traditional semi-pillars, such as the morphech. In the center of the sides of the stone is a hexagonal form filled with sacred words. In the octagonal form, the words "Allah" and "Muhammad" are written in the Kufi script. The main texts are skillfully written on the sides, transverse, and upper. Depending on the style of the text, the scientists concluded that it was made during the time of Amir Temur.
The following texts are available in Arabic in the tomb:
"In the name of the Holy One (Allah). This mausoleum is owned by the Sheikh, the Imam, the Arif and the Governor-Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hakim Al-Termizi. He was a great linguist, a great Mashoyikh- sheikh, a great linguist, a famous book author, and a great Hadis scholar. He studied fiqh with Abu Abdullah (Imam) al-Bukhari in the presence of some Hanafi scholars and died in 255 AH (868/69). He is also aware of the meanings of the scholars and the narrations that have been transmitted by the great commandments of Allah. He was a speaker of truth in the sight of Allah. He said himself: "I did not classify a letter from a person's writing. But in times of great stress, I would comfort myself with the work of the books that I had classified."
"The Companions (i.e. the Prophets) say that Allah was one of the scholars who were to interpret the judgments of the Almighty with the true meaning before Allah." I did not put any letters not classifying, and I found comfort in my own works in times of need and distress."
Prophet Muhammad, the last of the messengers, Mecca Muhammad (may peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever seeks knowledge, Paradise will be his requirement. If anyone is in sin, hell will be in his possession. "
"I will purify the Great Allah from all faults. I will cleanse Allah, the All-knowing, from all faults." The architectural complex has become a flourishing and beautiful place under the initiative and guidance of the First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov, and thus, it has become one of the most sacred places in Uzbekistan. These days, there are a lot of foreign or local visitors who want to visit such sacred places. The number of people who visit this place to visit the sanctuary is highly iincreasing year by year.
Being a permanent destination of the holy place where our great ancestor lives forever and being in the attention of not only our compatriots, but also of foreigners, play an important role in linking the spiritual connection.
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