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Список литературы
1. Бердичевский А.Л. Альтернативные технологии в преподавании русского языка как иностранного. Метод. пос. для препод. Рига: Retorika А, 2018. 32 с.
2. Крашен С. Story Listening & Reading for Language Acquisition. [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://www.philstar.com/other-sections/letters-to-the-editor/2019/09/17/1952461/how-can-we-banish-fear-english/ (дата обращения: 14.10.2019).
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SOME FEATURES OF S.FITZGERALDS SHORT STORIES IN AMERICAN LITERATURE Rsaliyev A.
Rsaliyev Arman - Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF THE THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGES, ENGLISH LANGUAGES FACULTY 2, UZBEKISTAN STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article considers some peculiarities of Fitzgerald's short stories and their contribution to developing American literature. Ascended to the pinnacle of success after the release of his first stories and the novel "This Side of Paradise" (This Side of Paradise) Fitzgerald, having entered a mature period of creativity, and experienced the pain of reader's estrangement and of indifference from the critic, unable to appreciate it by dignity. He died in poverty, forgotten by the reading public. Keywords: short stories, novels, collection, literary criticism, stories.
Modern criticism, with all possible discrepancies, is fairly unanimous in recognizing the value and meaning of his best novels ("The Great Gatsby", "Tender is the Night"), "The Last Tycoon", in relation to the novels, which constitute a substantial part of the writer's creative heritage, the question remains open. Some researchers consider it to be unnecessary. For example, John McCormick, in his relatively recently published book on American literature of the interwar twenty years, states: "Fitz typed, perhaps half a dozen marked enduring, albeit insignificant advantages" [2]. Fitzgerald did not immediately come to the form he needed, but, as Ya.N.Zassoursky rightly noted, the main trend of the writer's creativity was manifested in his first novel [1]. Meanwhile, having acquired his theme, or rather his theme, the writer attains complete unity of form and content only in the third novel, published in 1925.
As many critics have pointed out, there is a definite connection between the best stories and novels of the writer. In short form, Fitzgerald often outlined a theme that he later developed in depth in the novel. There is in his extensive novelistic heritage and stories, which represent, as it were, the germinal cell of a larger work. Moreover, the critic with good reason noted that the writer had originally mastered some formal achievements essential to the mature Fitzgerald novel in the story genre [4].
Making preliminary remarks, one has, nevertheless, to emphasize not so much the features of commonality, but the fact that forces us to abandon the chronological examination of the entire creative work of the writer and analyze his novels and stories separately. Critic James Miller, Jr. makes, among other things, the following subtle remark: "Fitzgerald's stories do not fully fit into the history of the development of his literary technique in the novel" [3].
Critic Donald A.Yeats in the informative article examines the writer's early narrative and, without exaggerating the meaning of his children's and youthful works, makes a number of observations that seem incontestable. So, he notes that as early as 1909, the future writer is building a plot; the diary, which Fitzgerald led in 1910-1911, shows the ability to observe; in the stories of 1912-1913. There is a noticeable interest in the characters of rich young people, and in the student storytelling, "pure" humor is increasingly giving way to irony. During the life of the writer came out four collections of his stories. The first of them, "Emancipated and Profound" ("Seductress and Philosophers"), was published in accordance with the practice of the publishing house after the novel "This Side of Paradise" in 1921. The collection includes eight stories written in 1920. In the next the collection "Tales of the Jazz Century" (1922) includes eleven short stories created in 1920-1922. The book "All these sad young people" (1926) is composed of nine short stories of 1922—1926. In 1935, the last lifetime alerts collection Alerts was published. It consists of eighteen stories 1928-1935. From the stories written by Fitzgerald in 1920, such as Ice Palace, Crystal Bowl and May Day, deserve special attention. The story "Ice Palace" tells about the engagement of a beautiful southerner Sally Carroll Hepper, who decided to marry a rich young Yankee. Sally is wholeheartedly attached to her native places, she is afraid of the North, but the monotony and hopelessness of life in the southern backwater prompts her to accept the offer of "tall, broad-shouldered, energetic" Harry Bellamy. In winter, Sally Carroll goes to the groom, but during the visit she feels not very comfortable. She is embarrassed by the conventions that the Bellamy family adheres to. It seems to the girl that the energy and efficiency inherent in northerners conceal the absence of warmth and cordiality; she can't feel her own house with Bellamy. When she got lost in the huge ice palace built for the holiday, the shock that had been experienced provoked an overwhelming desire to return to her homeland, and Sally Carroll broke off the engagement.
In conclusion, I would like to say that Fitzgerald's novels were characterized only in the most general terms, because otherwise a separate large study would be required. Not all, even the best stories of the writer have been considered, not all of their artistic features have been analyzed, not all the problems are highlighted. Nevertheless, it is already possible to draw some conclusions. The first major achievements of Fitzgerald in novels relate to 1920. For all the thematic and formal (intragenre) diversity of the writer's mature stories, they show a tendency towards artistic mastery of reality, first in breadth and then in depth.
References
1. Засурский Я.Н. Американская литература XX века. М., 1966. С. 194.
2. McCormic J. The Middle Distance. N.Y.: Free Press, 1971. Р. 33.
3. Miller L.Е. and Fitzgerald F.S. His art and his technique. New York, 1964. Р. 50.
4. Perosa S. The art of F. Scott Fitzgerald. UK: Ann Arbor, 1965.
