CC BY
25ÏSHS2019
Moscow, Russia
SOLUTION COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS OF N-DOPED NiO/Ni@C COMPOSITE NANOMATERIALS AND ITS ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE AS ANODE MATERIAL OF LITHIUM/SODIUM ION
BATTERIES
Y. Y. Li", C. X. Xu"'0, K. Y. Liu", and P. W. Chen*"
aSchool of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology,
Beijing, 100081 China
bAerospace Institute of Advanced Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing, 100074 China
*e-mail: pwchen@bit.edu.cn
DOI: 10.24411/9999-0014A-2019-10083
Lithium-ion batteries are the most promising high-efficiency secondary batteries and the fastest-growing chemical energy storage power sources due to their high specific energy, low self-discharge, superior cycle performance, no memory effect and environmental protection. Porous carbon nanomaterials have high porosity, high specific surface area and good electron mobility. On the other hand, NiO has high lithium storage capacity (718 mAh-g-1), low cost, environmental protection and abundant reserves. Therefore, the composite of NiO and porous carbon has high potential to be a new material with superior electrochemical performance and high potential application as anode material.
Compared with the traditional combustion synthesis method, solution combustion synthesis features the advantages of spontaneous maintenance, fast reaction in milisecends high controllability and atomic level mixing. Furthermore, solution combustion process produces a large amount of gas, leading to the formation of as-obtained porous nanomaterials with a loose, non-agglomerated, and high specific surface area structure.
In our study, N-doped NiO/Ni@C (Fig. 1) was synthesized through a one-step solution combustion process using CO2, ethanol amine and nickel nitrate as carbon source, reaction solution and Ni source, respectively, with magnesium as combustion improver. The solution combustion experimental process is illustrated in Fig. 2. In addition, N-doped NiO@C composite nanomaterial was obtained via same process using hydrazine hydrate as reaction solution. The as-prepared composite nanomaterials with well-controlled NiO/Ni content exhibit a high specific surface area of 245 m2-g-1, a high pore volume of 1.85 m2-g-1, a well-structured pore structure, and a high content of 3.73 at % in-situ nitrogen doping. The anode made of NiO/Ni@C composite exhibit excellent capacities of 791 mAh-g-1at 0.1 A-g-1after 150 cycles in Li-ion battery and 89 mAh-g-1 at 0.1 A-g-1after 150 cycles in Na-ion battery.
(a) (b) (c)
Fig. 1. SEM images (a, b) and back diffraction image (c) of NiO/Ni@C-0.375.
Y. Y. Li et al.
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XV International Symposium on Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
IMiO/IMi@c composites
Fig. 2. Schematic of solution combustion synthesis of NiO/Ni@C composite nanomaterials.
Our research introduces an efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly solution combustion synthesis method, which can be modified into a non-combustion and flame-free pure cracking conversion process for a mild reaction condition and large-scale production.
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