SIMULATION OF ETHYLENE OXIDE PRODUCTION FROM ETHYLENE CHOLORHYDRIN Текст научной статьи по специальности «Химические технологии»

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The Effect of Pressure on Ethylene Oxide production: Figure (6) shows the pressure has negative effect the flow rate of product decreases with pressure increases. The reaction between Oxygen and Ethylene occurs under a pressure of approximately 2000 kPa and a temperature of approximately 250 °C.

Figure 5. The effect of Temperature on Ethylene partial oxidation

Conclusions

The oxidation process was simulated by the aspen (Hysys) software version.9 and it gave good results for operating condition. One of the most important results obtained from this work is that, it is very important to make analysis for the process operating condition. From this results, it can be seen that the optimum temperature to yield high amount of Ethylene Oxide is 200° C. But It has been proven that, the process was favored at a pressure of approximately 2000 kPa and a temperature of approximately 250 °C over a silver catalyst on an alumina oxide carrier. The results of simulation show that, high amount of Carbon dioxide and water contained at 250 °C. The selectivity towards Ethylene Oxide was decreasing over time and this is a result from deactivation of the catalyst. When this deactivation takes place, more Ethylene is more oxidized form Carbon dioxide and water. The simulation models yield Ethylene Oxide with purity of 99.2 %.

Recommendations

1. Using Aspen HYSYS program to develop any process will be very helpful, because it is very accurate and very helpful in equipment design and selection of the optimum operating conditions.

2. Detail studies must be taken for accurate selection of operation conditions and equipment specifications.

3. The simulation models need further and more study.

4. The simulation models need to add the C02 section [C02 absorption, C02 desorption] in order to: maintain an acceptable C02 concentration in the circulated reactor gas, avoid catalyst deactivation and improved selectivity towards Ethylene Oxide production.

5. The stream from the bottom of the second distillation column can be send to the glycol section because it contains Ethylene Oxide

SOOO 7100 74CO 3flOO ?non KMC laoo MOO 1AOO ssoo ^non 1 .

™= -— and water.

Figure 7. The effect of Pressure on ethylene oxide production

References

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Figure 6. The effect of Temperature on Ethylene total oxidation

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Information about authors

Elrafie A. A. Allah Dr. Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technical Studies, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, P. O. box 209 Sudan, rafieah@gmail.com

A. Elhameed M.O. Kasif Dr. Assocciate Professor, Department of Food Processing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technical Studies, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, P. O. box 209 Sudan, elkashify@hotmail.com Yasir A. Mohamed Dr., Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, P. O. box 209 Sudan, yasir13000@yahoo.com

Ayat A. Elkhalig H. Mahmoud Lecturer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technical Studies, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, P. O. box 209 Sudan, ayatabdo29019@gmail.com

Contribution

Elrafie A. A. Allah corrected the manuscript, improved the results discussion and put in the format required by the Journal before filing in editing and is responsible for plagiarism editing.

A. Elhameed M.O. Kasif proposed a scheme of the experiments and organized production trials, corrected the manuscript, improved the results discussion and put in the format required by the Journal before filing in editing and is responsible for plagiarism Yasir A. Mohamed corrected the manuscript, improved the results discussion and put in the format required by the Journal before filing in.

Ayat A. Elkhalig H. Mahmoud review of the literature on the investigated problem, conducted the experiments, performed the characterizations and measurements, and wrote the manuscript

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

RECEIVED 12.20.2021 ACCEPTED 2.24.2022

ВестнщФГУИШ/Proceedings of VSUET DOI: http://doi.org/1Q.2Q914/2310-12Q2-2Q22-1-226-231

ISSN 2226-910X E-ISSN 2310-1202 Оригинальная статья/Research article_

УДК 360

Open Access Available online at vestnik-vsuet.ru

Кинетические аспекты бромирования пластификатора _фталатного типа_

Раиса Н. Плотникова 1 yy@vsuet.ru ® 0000-0001-9559-4443

1 Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия Аннотация. Рассмотрены основные характеристики сложной системы непредельный пластификатор-бром с использованием основных «рабочих компонентов» - изомеров 2-этилгексил-2-этилгексенфталата. Принято во внимание, что сложноэфирный пластификатор фталатного типа является полярным соединением с дипольным моментом на уровне диоктилфталата, входящего в его состав. Показано, что в процессе бромирования молекулярный бром вступает в физическое взаимодействие со всеми компонентами пластификатора. Дозированное введение брома в систему при высоких скоростях перемешивания приводит к образованию гомогенной термодинамически устойчивой системы, так как параметры растворимости компонентов практически одинаковы. С использованием модельной смеси бром-диоктилфталат-дибутилфталат показано, что смешение брома с пластификаторами в любых исследованных соотношениях не приводит к появлению границы «бром в пластификаторе» или «пластификатор в броме». Тем самым установлена неограниченная растворимость брома в пластификаторе при условиях его бромирования. С использованием метода УФ-спектроскопии на модельных смесях уксусная кислота-бром-вода; уксусная кислота-бром-гексан доказано, что в реальной системе непредельный пластификатор-бром бромирование наиболее вероятно осуществляется только молекулярным бромом без образования димеров брома. Показан механизм бромирования непредельных фталатов, входящих в состав пластификатора. Предложена система кинетических уравнений в безразмерных переменных. Выявлено, что характер теоретических кривых существенно зависит от скорости введения брома при неизменном механизме реакции. Отмечено изменение лимитирующих стадий процесса бромирования в зависимости от скорости введения брома в систему.

Ключевые слова: кинетика бромирования, фталатные пластификаторы, УФ-спектроскопия, молекулярный бром, кинетическая модель

Kinetic aspects of bromination of a phthalate-type plasticizer

Raisa N. Plotnikova 1 yy@vsuet.ru Ф 0000-0001-9559-4443

1 Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia_

Abstract. The main characteristics of a complex system of unsaturated plasticizer-bromine using the main "working components" - isomers of 2-ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexene phthalate are considered. It is taken into account that the phthalate-type ester plasticizer is a polar compound with a dipole moment at the level of dioctyl phthalate included in its composition. It has been shown that in the process of bromination, molecular bromine enters into physical interaction with all components of the plasticizer. Dosed introduction of bromine into the system at high stirring speeds leads to the formation of a homogeneous thermodynamically stable system, since the solubility parameters of the components are practically the same. Using a model mixture of bromine-dioctyl phthalate-dibutyl phthalate, it was shown that mixing bromine with plasticizers in any investigated ratios does not lead to the appearance of the boundary "bromine in a plasticizer" or "plasticizer in bromine". This established the unlimited solubility of bromine in the plasticizer under the conditions of its bromination. Using the method of UV spectroscopy on model mixtures of acetic acid-bromine-water; acetic acid-bromine-hexane, it was proved that in a real system, unsaturated plasticizer-bromine, bromination is most likely carried out only with molecular bromine without the formation of bromine dimers. The mechanism of bromination of unsaturated phthalates included in the plasticizer is shown. A system of kinetic equations in dimensionless variables is proposed. It was found that the nature of the theoretical curves significantly depends on the rate of introduction of bromine with a constant reaction mechanism. A change in the limiting stages of the bromination process was noted depending on the rate of bromine introduction into the system.

Keywords: bromination kinetics, phthalate plasticizers, UV spectroscopy, molecular bromine, kinetic model

Введение

Исследование скорости реакций в зависимости от различных факторов представляет собой не только теоретический, но и практический интерес. От кинетических особенностей зависит как производительность применяемой аппаратуры, обеспечивающий необходимое количество продукции, так и характеристики данного оборудования. Подобное исследование позволяет выявить методы подавления нежелательных процессов и интенсификации целевых реакций [1-5].

Для построения кинетической модели необходимо знать характеристики реакционной

Для цитирования Плотникова Р.Н. Кинетические аспекты бромирования пластификатора фталатного типа // Вестник ВГУИТ. 2022. Т. 84. № 1. С. 226-231. doi: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-1-226-231

среды, установить механизм протекания процесса, наличие промежуточных продуктов и термодинамику процесса. Для многокомпонентных систем, созданных на основе отходов производства, определение подобных характеристик затруднено.

Исследуемый объект - сложная многокомпонентная система, предоставленная непредельным пластификатором, при кинетическом исследовании, порождает большие трудности для химического и математического описания [6]. Поэтому сложная система в рассматриваемом случае [7] смоделирована «рабочими компонентами» - изомерами 2-этилгексил-2-этилгексен-

For citation

Plotnikova R.N. Kinetic aspects of bromination of a phthalate-type plasticizer. Vestnik VGUIT [Proceedings of VSUET]. 2022. vol. 84. no. 1. pp. 226-231. (in Russian). doi:10.20914/2310-1202-2022-1-226-231

© 2022, Плотникова Р.Н. / Plotnikova R.N.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License