CC BY
6YHeHbiH XXI BeKa • 2016 • № 5-4 (18)
UDC330
SIGNIFICATION OF INDUSTRY IN UZBEKISTAN
A.M. Rakhimov1, I.Sh. Ibrokhimov2
Abstract
Industry plays an important role in the formation and development of the national economy. The importance of this sector, which produces the means of production, especially is of great importance in the context of the consistent continuation of the process modernization and diversification of the economy. Therefore, the rapid pace of industrial sectors is also important for the development of any region.
Keywords: industry, production, modernization, diversification, development of industry, economic growth, investment.
Uzbekistan is a country with a developed industry. Forty percent of production and more than a million people are engaged in this sector of economy. In the process of solving socio-economic issues and regional problems in the Republic, development of industry, its regional and sectoral network improvement are the one of the priority tasks of the modernity.
For the development of the national economy and the improvement of its structure in accordance with the requirements of the market, increasing the welfare of the population, using the experiences of the industrial countries, especially European and, in particular, the East Asian countries is targeted for intensive development.
Important aspects of the economic policy of Uzbekistan are directed to the priority issues such as the rational organization of the economy of the region, and to reduce regional disparities, and the improvement of the structure and sectors of industry. Using natural (prior land, water, agroclimatic), economic, financial and labor resources effectively, through supplying their economic growth, improving the living standards of the population have had a place in the raw of the problems in the country at national level.
The President of Uzbekistan noted on improvement of the liberalization of the economy, the country's industrial development, the structure of its regional networks and existing reserves of mineral raw materials and labor, taking into account traditional production skills and experience of our people is not surprising that there has been improvement really in his works and the practical activities.
Nowadays the ongoing global financial and economic crisis influences the decline in the growth rate of the world economy, including its negative impact on the industry. Because, the financial crisis in terms of its scope, covers almost all countries of the world. Despite being so, clearly visible due to the implementation of the priority tasks of the country's leading sustainable development is achieved.
This was noted by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in the report of the meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers devoted to the results of socio-economic development in 2014 and the most important priorities of economic program for 2015, the following points was noted: "Summing up the results of last year, primarily the economy and its the leading sectors in the development of sustainable high growth rates should be noted. The country's gross domestic product grew by 8.1 percent, industrial production by 8.3 percent, agricultural production increased by 6.9 percent. About 70 percent of the manufactured products with high added value, which is made up of finished goods" [1].
Local and foreign investments are being involved in industry (engineering, fuel and energy complex, non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and textile) sector speedily for developing national economy. In all, the volume of investments as a result of economic growth in 2014, as a results of investment policy which is aimed carrying out deep
1RakhimovAkmal Matyaqubovich - teacher, Tashkent financial institute, Uzbekistan.
2Ibrokhimov Ilkhomjon Shavkatjon ugli - student, Tashkent financial institute, Uzbekistan.
Экономические науки
structural reforms for diversifying the economy and attracting investments, foreign investments amounted to 14 billion 600 million US dollars, or grew 109.3% than previous year.
More than 73% of the total investment is directed to machinery and equipment production and nearly 40 percent of total investment is directed to the local processing of raw materials that is used to make the purchase completely new and modern high-tech manufacturing enterprises focus on creating well timed. As a result, in 2014 154 large factories, which are equivalent to 4.2 billion dollars, handed over for implementation.
They include electricity, non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, automotive, chemical, food, pharmaceutical, building materials and light industry enterprises which are priority attention was paid to build. These works are based on the existing natural, economic, social, labor and financial resources of region and play an important role in the effective use of resources. For example, automobile factory in Khorezm region, building materials plant in Jizzakh, modernization and increase of the system of capacity of electric power in Syrdarya region and creating light industrial enterprises in the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
Besides, "Angren" and "Jizzakh" special industrial, "Navoiy" free industrial and economic zones are serving for the development of high-tech enterprises.
The industry's share of the country's gross domestic product is growing from year to year. For example, in 2000 the figure was only 14.2 percent, in 2010 to 23.9 percent, in 2013 to 24.2 percent, in 2015 to 33.5 percent. That can be added for comparison, one of the most important sectors of the national economy, agriculture's share was 30.1 percent in 2000, equaled to 26.0% only in 2013 and 16.6 percent in 20151.
The analysis showed that the city of Tashkent and Tashkent region's contribution is quite high in the total volume of industrial production among regions of the republic. Industry goods have been produced at 14.3 trillion sums or 22.2 percent of republic production volume in only Tashkent city. For comparison, it can be said that the indicator of the regions of Fergana valley (8.7 trillion in Andijan, 1.7 trillion in Namangan and 4.7 trillion in Fergana) surpassed very little than Tashkent city when it was calculated by adding together (15.0 trillion). There is a similar situation in Tashkent region (9.7 trillion sums, or 15.1 percent). In Tashkent region industrial production has been produced 3 times more than Samarkand region.
In turn, the analysis of regions which has the lowest production in the country's industrial production led to interesting conclusions. For example, the minimum industrial production created in Jizzakh region (0.8 trillion sums). The share of this region in the republic made up only 1.3 percent. Also, the region will be nearly 12 times less than Tashkent region with the production in the volume of industrial production.
It is cheerful with the growth rate of industrial production in the areas which has increased from year to year. In particular, the situation in Andijan, Khorezm regions and Tashkent city has been high and the growth as high as 115 percent is reached in these regions. In turn, it has been high degree (112%) in Tashkent, Samarkand and Jizzakh regions. It has been observed Syrdarya region of the country with the lowest growth (102.1 percent). Similar situations in Kashkadarya (102.9%), Navoiy (104.3%) regions were also noted, and these were low from the republic degree.
Because of the available resources the city of Tashkent and Tashkent, Andijan, Navoiy, Kashkadarya, Samarkand, Ferghana regions achieved the development of a number of industry sectors. As a result, the share of these areas in the country industry increased more. The new economic centers and free economic zones have been established.
To do this, the demographic capacity of areas, mineral, land and water resources must be taken into consideration. In the areas which are limited land and water resources and demographic and environmental high capacity, the development of industrial sectors that particularly requires a lot of labor is an urgent problem.
To change production structurally in the country industry, to ensure the mod-
1 The Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan. http: // cbu.uz/eng/node/47134
Ученый XXI века • 2016 • № 5-4 (18)
ernization and diversification the following should be done:
- The creation of various forms of ownership and to create free competition space on the same basis;
- To product high-quality consumer goods more substituting fast-selling import, and saturate the domestic market with them;
- To develop the heavy industry sector intensively such as the engine of industry and support them;
- To carry out factories based on mineral raw materials to complete cycle, raising recycle technologies to the level of international standards;
- To continue to localization, the technical and technological renewal in industry sectors, increasing competitive products' quantity.
Taking into account these issues, to carry out the development of the industry in the regions and to improve production efficiency on scientific advice and recommendations on improving development of industrial production, to reduce regional differences of specific regions and improvement of it has become one of the tasks which we have to do.
References
1. The report of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers devoted to the results of socio-economic development in 2014 and the most im-portant priorities of economic program for 2015. "Xalq suzi" newspaper. № 11 (6194), 17.01.2015.
© A.M. Rakhimov, I.Sh. Ibrokhimov, 2016
УДК 330
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ
А.М. Рахимов, И.Ш. Иброхимов
Аннотация. Промышленность играет важную роль в формировании и развитии национальной экономики. Важность этого сектора, который производит средства производства, особенно имеет большое значение в контексте последовательное продолжение модернизации процесса и диверсификации экономики. Таким образом, быстрые темпы промышленного сектора также имеет важное значение для развития любого региона.
Ключевые слова. Промышленность, производство, модернизация, диверсификация, развитие промышленности, экономического роста, инвестиций.
© А.М. Рахимов, И.Ш. Иброхимов, 2016
