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21SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 6 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=22257
SEMANTIC DIVISION OF TOURISM TERMINOLOGY
Mohinur Sherali qizi Tojiboyeva
Teacher of Fergana Polytechnical Institute
ABSTRACT
This article is about tourism terminology which have been divided semantically into a number of gruops. This helps learners or readers comprehend and learn them easily and effectively.
Key words: tourism, terms, semantic, abbreviations.
International tourism, as one of the biggest and the most dynamic industries in the world, inevitably influences all the aspects of social life, including language. The development of international tourism has given rise to increase in professional communication in the field. The common parties of communication process in tourism are tourism professionals, tourists and local population "tourees" (Dann, 2012). The communication process itself can take place between all the parties in different combinations. The present investigation seeks to address only the written form of tourist communication. The latter includes communication between incoming and outgoing travel intermediaries. However, communication between industry professionals/ tourists and tours lies beyond the scope of the present research. It is by all means interesting topic for further research, but contains little terminology. Furthermore, this topic is more relevant for the investigation of intercultural aspects of translation process of tourist texts. The large number of tourism terms is continually coined, increasing scientific interest in the questions of translating tourist terminology into different languages.
In order to proceed to the corpus-based study of translation strategies used in tourism, we need to make a distinction between different types of tourism terms. Having analyzed the terms used in the above selected tourist texts; we divided them into the following groups:
- Types of tours and tourism (e.g. agro tourism/ agro tour, incentive tour, rural tourism, space tourism, extreme tours, sustainable tourism, independent travel, self-guided tour, package tour, culinary tourism, Tolkien tour, week-end tour, day trip) For example:
Pilgrimage. In the terminology of international tourism, pilgrimage is indicated as one of the types of religious tourism and is interpreted as a kind of travel for the purpose of exploring an object and territory of significance associated with religious rites, prayers.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 6 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=22257
Ecotourism is organized mass tourism aimed at health improvement, treatment, recreation, their study, ensuring physical development, focused on ecotouristic objects (unique places of nature that give aesthetic pleasure, healing natural objects, natural and anthropogenic structures, objects and phenomena of nature, objects of historical and cultural heritage, ethno-cultural lifestyle of the local population).
Safari. Tourism for the purpose of hunting or exploring the nature of a certain
place.
Pham tour, Pham trip. This is privileged tourism, which is created for the purpose of familiarizing a travel agency or competing airlines with a specific tourist destination or center. This tourism is also called advertising tourism.
- Industry professionals (e.g. guide, event organizer, chef, travel agent, kitchen assistant, airport baggage handler, car valet, tourist information center assistant, delivery assistant, sports therapist, resort representative, outdoor pursuits leader, air traffic controller) For example:
An instructor is a specialist accompanying tourists, ensuring their safety when changing tourist routes.
The Consular Department is a division attached to the embassy. Performs embassy functions on the territory of another state. Establishes relations with local self-government bodies, provides services to its citizens, prepares documents (visas, passports, notarizations, certificates) and resolves issues within the framework of legislation.
A tourism manager is a specialist in the field of tourism engaged in the organization, implementation and maintenance of a tourist product.
-Accommodation (e.g. standard room, daily average rate (DAR), net rate, rack rate, reservation, cancellation, to book, room facilities, SPA, air-conditioning, limited-service hotel, mezzanine, occupancy, vacant, franchisee, staff department, check in, prepaid room)
Apart hotel is a hotel that allows you to stay in an apartment-shaped room. Cooking is characterized by the presence of a separate equipped kitchen.
A business hotel is a hotel designed to serve entrepreneurs and serviced tourists.
Boutique Hotel is a small hotel built in a chic style. It is characterized by the fact that it does not relate to a specific hotel system and is built according to an original project.
- Catering (e.g. full board, American plan (AP), waiter, white glove service, buffet, a la carte, back of the house, all inclusive, expediter, in the weeds, front of the house, coffee shop, side station, tip, bev nap, cover, comp, half board, table turn, well drink)
English breakfast is a breakfast consisting of fruit juice, scrambled eggs, toast, butter, jam, tea or coffee.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 6 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=222ff7
American breakfast is a light breakfast consisting of sausage, cheese, hot dishes (omelets, sausages).
A la carte is a menu or restaurant that sets a separate price for each dish.
A vegetarian table is a type of food in which foods made from parts of living beings are not fully weighed.
A halal table is a type of food consisting of food and drinks permitted by the Islamic Sharia.
- Transportation (e.g. charge, refund, non-refundable (NRF), BT, PS, gate, access drive, actual passenger car hours, excess baggage, head end, return ticket, scheduled flight, charter flight, frequent flyer, shoulder, shuttle, cancellation fee/ charge/ penalty)
-Excursion (e.g., itinerary, overnight, local venue, sightseeing, city guide, departure point, meeting point, driver-guide, guided tour, shore excursion, step-on guide, excursionist, day visitor, heritage site, meet and greet, hop on hop off )
- Abbreviations (e.g. RT, IATA, AAA, WTO, B&B, GS, NTA, QA, FAM, FIT, DOS, SITE, VIC, WTM, PS, OFFMKT, APC, BA, NTA, SPO, VIP, WATA, OOO, MICE, BIT, IHA, LTC, MCO, RTO, VISA, XO, TDC, TBRE, CTA)
The division of tourism terms is rather relative since terms are interchangeable between groups. For instance, full board or B&B can belong both to accommodation and catering groups, whereas reservation is the term, used in accommodation, catering and excursion groups. Moreover, abbreviations can be found in all groups of tourism terminology. But due to the problems abbreviations create for the translators and readers alike we found it appropriate to form them into a separate group and further investigate strategies for their translation.Extra problems occur due to the cultural difference in concepts between tourism terms in different countries.
In conclusion, the term density of tourist texts increases with the degree of specialization and division of a text. The text, used for professional communication between tourism specialists can be unintelligible for the common tourist. Thus, the tourist texts with high level of term density are neutralized when translating for the tourist, whereas professional-oriented target texts retain the high level of term density if compared to the source text. In general, therefore, it seems that the quality of tourism translation is largely influenced by the means of translating tourism terminology. Abbreviations in tourism texts and strategies for their translation need further investigations outside this paper. The paper gives the comprehensive review of means and ways of tourism terminology translation and can add to the future process of achieving generally accepted standards for using, creating and translating tourism terminology.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 6 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=222ff7
REFERENCES
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2. Cabré, M.T. 2010. Terminology and Translation. In Y.Gambier, L.van Doorslaer (eds.) Handbook of Translation Studies. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: J.Benjamins Publishing Company.
3. Gotti, M. 2006. The Language of Tourism as Specialized Discourse. In Palusci, O., Francesconi, S. (eds.) Translating Tourism. Linguistic/Cultural Representations. Editrice Universitá degli Studi di Trento: Trento: 15-34
4. Ivanova, N., Maslennikova, O. 2013. Some Peculiarities of Modern Tourism Terminology.Izvestiia vuzov. Seriia Gumanitarnyie nauki 4 (3): 228-234.
