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UNIVERSUM:
, ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ_июнь. 2022 г.
DOI - 10.32743/UniTech.2022.99.6.13962
PROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENTS TO REGULATORY DOCUMENTS FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS
Mukhtorjon Khodjakulov
Senior lecturer, Andijan Machine-Building Institute, Retired Lieutenant Colonel, Republic of Uzbekistan, Andijan E-mail: xodiakulovmuxtorion@gmail.com
Dilmurad Rakhimov
Assistant,
Andijan Machine-Building Institute, Retired Lieutenant Colonel, Republic of Uzbekistan, Andijan
№ 6 (99)
ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ ПО ВНЕСЕНИЮ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ В НОРМАТИВНЫЕ ДОКУМЕНТЫ ДЛЯ ЗДАНИЙ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ ЭТАЖНОСТИ
Ходжакулов Мухторжон Назаркулович
ст. преподаватель кафедры «Безопасность жизнедеятельности», Андижанский машиностроительный институт, подполковник в отставке, Республика Узбекистан, г. Андижан
Рахимов Дилмурад Бахадирович
ассистент
кафедры «Безопасность жизнедеятельности», Андижанский машиностроительный институт, подполковник в отставке, Республика Узбекистан, г. Андижан
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the scientific research is to prevent human losses and reduce material damage in the event of fires (emergencies) on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The task of the work is to develop specific, scientifically grounded recommendations for making changes and adjustments to the norms, rules and requirements for the planning and development of multi-storey (high-rise buildings) buildings, taking into account the technical and tactical characteristics of new fire and rescue equipment used in the official activities of the ministry for emergencies
АННОТАЦИЯ
Целью научного исследования является предотвращение человеческих потерь и уменьшение материального ущерба при возникновении пожаров(чрезвычайных ситуаций) на территории Республики Узбекистан.
Задачей работы является разработка конкретных, научно-обоснованных рекомендаций по внесению изменений и корректировок в нормы, правила и требования по планировке и застройке многоэтажных (зданий повышенной этажности) зданий, с учётом технико-тактических характеристик новой пожарно - спасательной техники, применяемых в служебной деятельности министерства по чрезвычайным ситуациям.
Keywords: multi-storey buildings, land resources, radii of roundingy, fireproof distance, emergency.
Ключевые слова: многоэтажные здания, земельные ресурсы, радиусы закруглений, противопожарное расстояние, чрезвычайная ситуация.
Библиографическое описание: KhodjakulovM., Rakhimov D.B. PROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENTS TO REGULATORY DOCUMENTS FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2022. 6(99). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/13962
№ 6 (99)
UNIVERSUM:
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
июнь, 2022 г.
Introduction
With a sharp increase in the number and high population density (for example, the population density in the Andijan region is 713 people per 1km 2), there is a need to build new settlements, as well as to build new multistorey (high-rise buildings) on the site of expired old buildings.
The construction of residential, public and industrial buildings and structures of increased number of storeys in the new construction and reconstruction of enterprises in conditions of a shortage of territories is very effective. As shown by technical and economic comparisons, the construction of high-rise buildings reduces the construction area by 30-40% [1,1].
On the other hand, Uzbekistan is a region with an increased level of seismicity, sothe number of floors and the number of floors of residential buildings are determined in accordance with socio-demographic, national-household, architectural-compositional and other re-
quirements for the formation of the residential environment, as well as the possibility of developing engineering infrastructure and ensuring fire safety.
But, the construction of these new buildings and the planning of territories are carried out according to regulatory documents that do not take into account the technical and tactical characteristics (especially working dimensions and weight) of new fire and rescue equipment received and planned for admission to the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
For this reason, there is an urgent need to make changes and adjustments to the norms, rules and requirements for the planning and construction of new buildings. At the same time, special attention should be paid to the planning, construction and operation of urban settlements equipped with multi-storey apartment buildings (construction of houses from 9 floors and above).
Methods
In the normative document [5, p. 83. Table. 39] the main characteristics of the street and road network of settlements are given to classification (Table 1).
Table 1.
Tothe classification and the main characteristics of the street and road network of settlements
Category streets of settlements Main destination Design speed, km/h Bandwidth movement, m Orsloe strip Movement Width of the pedestrian part of the sidewalk, m
Passages Connection of residential buildings located in the depths of the quarter with the street 30 3,0 2 -
Paragraph 159 of the normative document [5, p. 85.] states that the adius of the rounding of the roadway of streets and roads along the edge of sidewalks and dividing strips should be taken at least 15 metra.
In paragraph 15, Appendix I [5, p. 132. ] it is indicated that the distance from the edge of the passage to the wall of the building, as a rule, should be taken 8- for buildings of 9 floors and above 10 m.
Commercial fire distances between residential, public and auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises (Table 2) are adopted on the basis of a regulatory document [5], and between production buildings of industrial and agricultural enterprises - according to a regulatory document [6] and [7].
Table 2.
Fire-fighting distances between residential, public and auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises
Degree of fire resistance of the building Distances, m, with the degree of fire resistance of buildings
I, II III IIIa, IIIb, IV, IVa, V
I, II 6 8 10
Minimum distances from residential, public and auxiliary buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance to industrial buildings and garages of I and II degrees of fire resistance should be taken at least 9 m, and to industrial buildings with a coating using insulation made of polymeric or combustible materials - 15 m.
Through passages in buildings are provided through a width in the light not less and a height of not less. Through passages through the forest, the shopping arcades of buildings are located150 m3,5 m4,25 m at a distance of one another no more than 100 M(figure 1).
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UNIVERSUM:
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
июнь, 2022 г.
Figure 1. Location of special equipment near a multi-storey building
In the previously listed normative acts and rules for the construction of buildings and structures, it is indicated that when designing passages and pedestrian paths, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of passage of fire engines to residential and public buildings, including those with built-in attached premises, and the
access of firefighters from ladders or car lifts to any apartment or room.
Consider the tactical and technical characteristics of some special fire ladders and car lifts (Table 3).
Table 3.
Tactical and technical characteristics of some special fire ladders and car lifts
№ The name of the ladder, cranked and telescopic car lift. Length in transport position. meter Height in transport position. meter Width in transport position. meter Max. the width of the remote support. (lined). M The distance from the edge of the center of the support to the building, taking into account the safe distance. m
1. Fire escape. AL-30 (131) PM 506 based on Zil-131 4X4 11 3,2 2,5 4,8+0,6 8
2. AKP-50 Cranked fire truck Based on KAMAZ-6540 12 3,8 2,5 5,4+0,6 8
3. Fire lift with ladder RTM-48D Base (MAZ-6312B5) 11 4 2,6 5,4+0,6 8
4. Fire escape. AL-52 (ERL52C) based on (MAN TGS 6X4 BL) 12 4 2,6 5,8+0,6 8
5. Bronto Skylift S 47 XR Base (MAN TGS 6X4 BL) 12 4 2.8 6,2+0,6 10
6. Bronto Skylift S 70 XR Base (MAN TGS 6X4 BL) 12 4 2.8 6,2+0,6 10
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UNIVERSUM:
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
июнь, 2022 г.
Results and Discussion
I conducted landing during 2021-2022 the research cycle of some special civil protection exercises in the settlements of the Andijan region with the involvement of the forces and means of the emergency situations management units (by an increased call number) and the interaction services of the region.
The al-30 (131) PM 506 fire escape on the basis of Zil-131, the AKP-50 cranked fire lift on the basis of KAMAZ-6540, as well as the Fire Lift with the RTM-48 D ladder on the basis of MAZ-6312V5, which are in service with the units of the Emergency Situations Department of the Andijan region, were involved in the research exercises.
Duringthe exercises, in an environment close to real conditions, various ways of accessing special equipment to high-rise buildings were tried.
With the radii of rounding of the roadway of streets and roads along the edge of the sidewalks and dividing strips of at least 15 meters, the fire lift with the RTM-48D ladder freely passed to the scene of the emergency.
With radii of rounding of the roadway of streets and roads of less than 15 meters, the equipment had to carry out additional maneuvers, the involvement of employees to ensure traffic safety (reversing, blocking roads).
Particular attention and precautions were taken with narrow passages of residential buildings located in the depths, with distances from the edge of the passage to the wall of the building of less than 8-10 meters, as wel-las the installation of special equipment on sidewalks no more than 4 meters wide.
In two cases out of eight, it was not possible to fully use the FIRE ESCAPE RTM-48D in connection with the operation of automation (disabling the lifting of the ladder due to violation of the regulatory installation).
References:
Conclusion
Based on the results of the study and as a result of studying the works of specialists in this area [1, 2, 3, 4] offers :
1. Norms and rules shall establish general requirements for fire protection of buildings, premises and other construction structures (hereinafter referred to as buildings) at all stages of their creation and operation, regardless of the forms of ownership and departmental affiliation, and also establish a fire-technical classification of buildings, their elements and parts, premises, building structures and materials.
2. In the rules and regulations for buildings of high number of floorss, provide for the arrangement of special passages or access roads (fire passages and access roads for fire equipment, combined with functional passages and entrances)
3. Amend paragraph 156 [7] to read as follows:
- Passages leading to groups of residential buildings with a population of more than 3 thousand people in the zone of multi-storey buildings should be taken in two lanes of traffic 5.5 m wide with sidewalks 1.5 m wide. (with Lanes take at least 7 meters.
4. In paragraphe 159 [7], delete the following words:
- In reconstructed cities, with the existing development, it is allowed to reduce the specified radius to 5 m.
5. In order to carry out rescue operations safely during fires and earthquakes, in paragraph 6 [7], delete the following words:
- The distance between buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance may be provided less than 6 m, provided that the wall of a higher building, located opposite another building, is fireproof.
1. Plotnikov A.H. Issledovaniye sistematicheskoy chasti otkloneniy sbornykh konstrukchiy zdaniy povyshennoy etajnosti : Aftoref. diss. kand.tekh.nauk [Study of the systematic part of the deviations of prefabricated structures of buildings of high number of storeys]: Autoref. dis. cand. techn. Sciences. — Moscow, 1999. — 178 p. [in Russian].
2. Rodichev A.Y. Modeli i metody sovershenstvovaniya sistemy upravleniya evakuatsiey lyudey iz vysotnykh zdaniy : Aftoref. diss. kand.tekh.nauk. [Models and methods of improving the management system for the evacuation of people from high-rise buildings ]: Autoref. dis. cand. techn. Sciences. — Moscow, 2011. — 111 p. [in Russian].
3. Kudrin I.S. Vliyaniye parametrov dvijeniya lyudskikh potokov pri pojare na obyomno-planirovochnyye resheniya vysotnykh zdaniy: Aftoref. diss. kand.tekh.nauk. [ Influence of the parameters of the movement of human flows in a fire on the space-planning solutions of high-rise buildings]: Autoref. dis.cand. techn. Sciences. — Moscow, 2013 — 190 p. [in Russian].
4. Belyakov G.I. Pojarnaya bezopasnost : uchebnoye posobiye dlya vuzov[Fire safety : a textbook for universities ] / Moscow : Publishing house Yurait, 2019. — 143 p.[in Russian].
5. ShNK 2.07.01-03* «Gradostroitel'stvo. Planirovaniye razvitiya i zastroyki territoriy gorodskikh i sel'skikh nase-lennykh punktov». Gosudarstvennyy komitet Respubliki Uzbekistan po arkhitekture i stroitel'stvu [ShNK 2.07.01-03* "Urban planning. Planning the development and development of the territories of urban and rural settlements". State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Architecture and Construction ] - Tashkent, 2009, p.170[in Uzbekistan];
6. ShNK 2.08.02-09 «Obshchestvennyye zdaniya i sooruzheniya» Gosarkhitektstroy Respubliki Uzbe kistan [SHNK 2.08.02-09 "Public buildings and structures" State Archives of the Republic of Uzbekistan] 2011,p.140[in Uzbekistan];
7. ShNK 2.09.04-09 «Administrativnyye i bytovyye zdaniya predpriyatiy» Gosarkhitektstroy RUz [SHNK 2.09.04-09 "Administrative and household buildings of enterprises" Gosarhitektstroy RUz] - Tashkent, 2009, p.27[in Uzbekistan].
