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Vaskova Yu.D. student
Astrakhan state university Astrakhan, Russia
PERSPECTIVES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TOURISM INDUSTRY
Annotation: the arcticle shows main sapects of economic growth. Its elements are presented in economic analysis. It is said about development of economic growth.
Key words: economic growth, tourism, development, popularity of tourism
Effective human activity provides the welfare and prosperity of the state. The secret of the "economic miracle" of many countries which have achieved prosperity for their people, is simple and obvious. All these countries are characterized by high and sustained pace of development of the national economy over a long period, that employed the working-age population, growth of operating income and, as a consequence, increased consumption, and this is the basis of economic growth.
Economic growth is a long-term increase in real GDP (gross domestic product) both in absolute values and per each inhabitant of the country[1]. As can be seen from the definition, GDP is the monetary aspect of the economic welfare of the country, and the rate of change serves as a measure of economic growth.
The greatest popularity in the evaluation and analysis of economic phenomena and indicators is played by the service sector, and economic growth is no exception in the last decade. Human's rhythm of life doesn't allow to relax and recover your health for future work in conditions of city, but recreation is a liveliness in daily routine, so recreation is an important feature of tourism. Entertainment and recreation, particularly the tourism industry occupy a special place in human life.
According to the federal law " About the basics of tourism activity" from 24.11.1996 tourism is a temporary citizen trips , foreigners and stateless people (further-people) from permanent residence for medical and recreational, recreational, educational, physical culture, sports, professional, business, religious and other purposes without engaging in activities related to receiving income from sources in the country (place) of temporary residence.
Tourism as a sector of the economy plays a main position in prosperity and development of Russia. Tourism, above all, serves the interests of man, society as a whole and, equally important, is a source of income at both the micro and macroeconomic levels. According to the Federal tourism Agency, currently the share of tourism in GDP is 1.5%. In 2017, the country's earnings from tourism amounted to 3 trillion rubles, which is approximately 3.47 percent of GDP. Rosturizm believes that by 2025 these figures are expected to increase to 5 trillion and 5% of GDP (see below).
Мировая наука" №2(47) 2021
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The number of hotels and similar accommodation facilities
(year-end)
_(Chart or tabl. 1)
2001 2005 2008 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Total 6258 4182 4812 7866 8416 9316 9869 10714 11447 11689 1295
According to the data table, it was a recession before 2001 y. , however, in the end of the year its quantity increased. From 2012 it's a sharp upgrade, it's a direct consequence of growth of popularity trips among people.
As such "tourism industry" can be divided into the activities of hotels and catering , activities rail transportation: intercity and international passenger transportation services and activities in the field of leisure and entertainment. The profitability of economic activities (by industry) is determined annually by the Federal tax service of the Russian Federation (FTS RF). Profitability on types of economic activities is calculated FTS of Russia based on the Order FNS of Russia from 30.05.2007 N MM-3-06/333and specified in Appendix 4 to this document.
Tourism belongs to the service sector (non-primary sector), and plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It is known that about 53 industries are concentrated in the tourism industry. In addition, due to tourism, small and medium businesses are developing; taxes to the budget are growing and export volumes are increasing. The latter occurs by attracting small and medium-sized businesses to the export activities, which is facilitated by the tourism industry, since in this area of the economy, the export of relevant goods and services occurs as a result of the arrival of foreign consumers to the territory of the Russian Federation, rather than by delivering the goods and services abroad (Companies that are unable to self-supply their product can participate in the export). In addition, the tourism industry helps to solve one of the main social problems of society - the lack of jobs, creating them and ensuring employment.
The peculiarity of the development of tourism in Russia is that tourist resources are unevenly involved in the process. It is caused, primarily, by the territorial factor (enormous dimensions make it difficult to coordinate and manage tourist travels) and climatic conditions (the north of Russia is unsuitable for attracting tourists and it seems unattractive for leisure activities). However, prospects and strategies are aimed at the development of tourism as an obligatory component of human life activity.
To sum up, it must be said that tourism is a progressing industry today, including a large number of subsystems and concepts. Forming its own base for calculating economic indicators, it gradually consolidates the position of a successful sector of the economy. Already now, when analyzing economic development, analysts and economists use formulas to calculate efficiency, profitability, and other economic characteristics of objects of the tourist industry.
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Indicators of the tourism industry are becoming one of the important components of GDP and economic growth.
For the success of economic growth indicators, it is necessary that all economic phenomena have a decent level of indicators that correspond to reality and do not cloud the general state of the country's economy.
References:
1. NosovaS.S. Theory of economics- M.: Knorus, 2011.
2. SurinovA.E. Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). Russia in numbers,2017.
3. The order of Russian FTS from 30.05.2007 N MM-3-06/333, Appliance № 4
4. Zdorov A.B. Economics of tourism.- M.:Finance and statistics, 2004.
5. FL from 24.11.1996" About the basics of tourism activity" 6.Internet sources : https ://www.russiatourism.ru http://taxslov.ru/15/n15 25.htm
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