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0УДК 33 Hajyyeva O., Hangeldiyev S., Akynyyazov D.
Hajyyeva O.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Hangeldiyev S.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Akynyyazov D.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
ORGANIZATION OF EXTERNAL
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AND ANALYSIS OF ITS EFFECTIVENESS
Аннотация: article provides brief information on the organization of the enterprise's foreign economic activity and the analysis of its effectiveness. Also, the organizational structure of the management is discussed in terms of determining all the functions of managing foreign economic affairs in the enterprise and regulating the foreign economic affairs of the enterprise by the state.
Ключевые слова: economics, management, business economics, purchase, sale foreign trade agreement, foreign economic work, organization, efficiency, analysis.
In order to carry out a set of activities and functions in the field of foreign economic work, to organize and coordinate them, foreign economic work groups, departments, services and directorates are created in enterprises. Effective external economic management requires that the enterprise has an appropriate organizational structure, including management structure and infrastructure.
The organizational structure of foreign economic business management is determined by the goals and tasks it has to solve and depends on many factors, among which the most important are the following. - the type of enterprise of this entity, - the type of strategy used by the enterprise, - existence and development of technological and functional connections with compatible units, - degree of centralization and decentralization in decision-making, - necessary degree of differentiation and integration of units during interaction with compatible units.
The organizational structure of management consists of the totality of units that implement all functions of external economic business management in the enterprise: - planning and economic department (planning of the budget, control of the implementation of the plan, analysis of the budget and others), - currency and finance department (currency planning and control of banking, currency, credit and settlement operations, control of compliance with the interests of the enterprise in foreign trade transactions, etc.), - marketing unit.
Ready-to-use warehouses, transport companies, trade missions (centres) and centers abroad. The economic efficiency of the enterprise's foreign economic activity is evaluated by a group of indicators, which includes economic efficiency indicators, export, import, export-import operations, and commodity exchange operations efficiency indicators. A group of indicators of economic efficiency of exports includes the economic output obtained from exporting goods and its efficiency.
The state should promote the increase of export potential, reasonableness of import, increase of competitiveness of products of the country's enterprises in the foreign market, provision of economic security of the country, attraction of foreign investments for technological modernization of production.
The authority of state administration bodies, in particular the Ministry of Economy and Development, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Customs Service and others includes: - the concept and strategy of developing foreign economic relations and the main principles of foreign trade policy, - to ensure the economic security of the country and economic entities, to protect their economic sovereignty and economic interests, - regulation of foreign economic affairs by the
state, including financial, currency, credit, customs-tariff and non-tariff regulation, export control, determination of policies related to import and export of goods and their certification, etc.
Among the other important tasks under the control of state administration bodies, the following can be added: - to bring waste, individual raw materials, materials, technologies, scientific and technical information that are used or can be used in the production of strategically important raw materials, precious metals, stones and products made from them and take out, - draw state, bank and commercial loans at the expense of government guarantees, control their utilization, - formation and use of gold and gold reserves. The main principles of state regulation of foreign economic affairs include: - integration of foreign economic policy as part of the country's foreign policy, - completeness of the system of state regulation and control of foreign economic affairs, - completion of the country's customs territory, -prioritizing economic measures of regulation, - equality of all participants in foreign economic affairs and non-violation of their rights, - state protection of rights and legal interests of participants in foreign economic affairs, - to eliminate the unjustified involvement of the state in foreign economic affairs, damage to its participants and the country's economy as a whole.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Law of Turkmenistan "On State Support of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs". - Ashgabat, 2009;
2. Law of Turkmenistan "On Enterprises". - Ashgabat, 2000
