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1УДК 33 Rahmanberdiyev Sh., Serhenov M., Selymov M.
Rahmanberdiyev Sh.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Serhenov M.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Selymov M.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
STATE REGULATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
OF THE ENTERPRISE
Аннотация: article provides brief information on state regulation of the foreign economic activity of the enterprise. It also talks about other important issues under the control of state administrations.
Ключевые слова: economics, management, business economics, certification, quality indicators, competitiveness.
The state should promote the increase of export potential, reasonableness of import, increase of competitiveness of products of the country's enterprises in the foreign market, provision of economic security of the country, attraction of foreign investments for technological modernization of production.
The jurisdiction of public administration bodies, in particular the Ministry of Economy and Development, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Customs Service and others, includes:
The concept and strategy of developing foreign economic relations and the main principles of foreign trade policy, - to ensure the economic security of the country and economic entities, to protect their economic sovereignty and economic interests, - regulation of foreign economic activity by the state, including financial, currency, credit, customs-tariff and non-tariff regulation, export control, certification of goods related to import and export, and others.
Other important issues for government agencies include: Import and export of waste, individual raw materials, materials, technologies, scientific and technical information that are used or can be used in the production of strategically important raw materials, precious metals, stones and products made from them, - Drawing state, bank and commercial loans at the expense of government guarantees, monitoring their utilization, - formation and use of gold and gold reserves. The main principles of FDI regulation by the state include: - integration of foreign economic policy as part of the country's foreign policy, - Completion of the FDI state regulation system and its control, - completion of the country's customs territory, - prioritizing economic measures of regulation, - Equality of all participants in FDI and non-violation of their rights, - State protection of the rights and legal interests of FDI participants, - to eliminate the state's unjustified participation in FDI, damage to its participants and the country's economy as a whole.
According to the Constitution, the subjects of the country have the right to exercise the following powers and laws:
- development and implementation of regional FDI programs, - coordination and control of FDI of domestic enterprises and organizations, including foreign enterprises and organizations, - providing additional guarantees and benefits to FDI participants registered in their territory, - formation of insurance and guarantee funds in order to attract foreign loans.
State regulation of FDI is carried out with the help of methods and means of foreign economic policy of the state. Depending on their impact on economic processes, the methods of state regulation of FDI can be divided into direct and indirect, administrative and economic methods. Direct methods of FDI regulation in
the country include the legal framework, which includes, in particular, regulatory documents such as "Customs Code", "On Customs Tariffs", and "On State Regulation of Foreign Economic Activity".
Indirect (economic) methods of FDI regulation in the country include methods that affect the economic interests of participants in economic processes: direct and indirect financing of the country's importers, especially exporters, export credit and insurance, guaranteeing export operations, tax and customs benefits, and others. State support through foreign trade policy.
Direct financing consists of providing subsidies to exporting enterprises to cover the difference between the cost of the product and the export rebate in order to ensure a guaranteed rebate. Indirect financing of exporting enterprises is carried out in two ways: the first way is to provide subsidies by the government to commercial banks to cover the difference between the current amount of bank interest and the reduced amount for exporting enterprises, The second method is to compensate the export companies for the fees they paid to buy imported raw materials, as well as to give government instructions to the exporting companies on increased prices.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Law of Turkmenistan "On State Support of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs". - Ashgabat, 2009;
2. Law of Turkmenistan "On Enterprises". - Ashgabat, 2000
