CC BY
20
ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
OBTAINING COMPOSITE MATERIALS FROM GLASS
PRODUCTION WASTES
1 2 Gurbanova R.V. , Hamzayeva Sh.G.
Email: [email protected]
1Gurbanova Rana Vagif - Associate Professor, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND INORGANIC SUBSTANCES, CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY FACULTY; 2Hamzayeva Shabnam Gurbat - Master Student, SPECIALTY: SOLID WASTE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND INORGANIC SUBSTANCES, CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, AZERBAIJAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF OIL AND INDUSTRY, BAKU, REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
Abstract: the article discusses possible solutions to the problem of recycling glass wastes and using them as raw materials for the production of new high-quality materials for various industries. The main goal of the development of new materials is the creation of energy-efficient, low-waste technologies that allow the use of glass industry wastes, as well as the creation of materials with high operational and decorative properties on their basis. It has shown that a promising direction of cullet recycling is its use as an independent type of raw material in the manufacture of plates. The aim of the work is to obtain composite materials from waste glass with epoxy resin. Composite materials based on epoxy resins have a number of useful properties, which are discussed in the article. Keywords: glass waste, epoxy resin (ED-20), hardener (diethyltriamine), filler.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ КОМПОЗИТНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ИЗ ОТХОДОВ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СТЕКЛА Гурбанова Р.В.1, Гамзаева Ш.Г.2
1Гурбанова Рана Вагиф - доцент, кандидат химических наук, кафедра химии и неорганических веществ,
химико-технологический факультет; 2Гамзаева Шабнам Гурбат - магистрант, специальность: технология переработки твердых отходов, кафедра химии и неорганических веществ, химико-технологический факультет, Азербайджанский государственный университет нефти и промышленности, г. Баку, Азербайджанская Республика
Аннотация: в статье рассматриваются возможные пути решения проблемы утилизации стекольных отходов и использование их в качестве сырья для производства новых качественных материалов для различных отраслей промышленности. Основная цель разработки новых материалов-создание энергоэкономичных, малоотходных технологий, позволяющих использовать отходы стекольной промышленности, а также создание на их основе материалов с высокими эксплуатационными и декоративными свойствами. Показано что перспективным направлением утилизации стеклобоя является использование его как самостоятельного вида сырья при производстве плит. Целью работы является получение композитных материалов из отходов стекла с эпоксидной смолой. Композитные материалы на основе эпоксидных смол обладают рядом полезных свойств, которые рассматриваются в статье.
Ключевые слова: отходы стекла, эпоксидная смола (ЭД-20), отвердитель (диэтилтриамин), наполнитель.
UDC: 674.816.2
Waste is the source of more than 60% of adverse effects on humans and nature. They extremely negatively affect the natural environment and adversely affect land resources, the state of the subsoil, water, forests and other vegetation, the environment, and harm human health, threatening his life. However, there is no effective waste management system in the country, modern management tools are not applied; therefore, the problems associated with waste are practically not solved. Despite this, a solution to the waste problem is necessary, since this leads, on the one hand, to a decrease in their negative impact on the environment, and, on the other hand, the tasks of saving resources are solved. Waste is a source in the production of various materials [1; 2].
In recent years, the whole country has faced the problem of recycling glass waste, since they are practically not disposed of by known methods [3].
The main goal of the development of new materials is the creation of energy-efficient, low-waste technologies, which allows the use of glass and industry wastes, as well as the creation of materials with high operational and decorative properties on their basis [4, 5].
Currently, epoxies are increasingly used in many areas of the construction industry as adhesives, binders, waterproofing and decorative coatings, chemically and physically resistant coatings. A whole range of useful properties of epoxy composites facilitates this: curing prostate, mechanical and electrical insulation properties, high chemical resistance, universality of application [5, 6, 7].
The solution to the problem of developing epoxy coatings is impossible without the use of fillers, as a rule, solid finely dispersed substances with a granular or plastic structure are used. Therefore, in our case, the filler is a glass break [6].
To date, it is very relevant to obtain composite materials based on epoxy resins. The use of epoxy makes it possible to obtain a more plastic material and are not afraid of significant distortions. Using epoxy in your work, you can make decorative products that cannot be made by working only with glass.
Although resin-based composites (80% from recycled glass waste and 20% epoxy) are more expensive, they do not absorb odors, bacteria do not multiply on it, and no spots remain. There are also no restrictions on color lines. Therefore, today it is relevant to obtain plates from waste epoxy glass. For the manufacture of plates, you must have three components.
1. Obtaining glass chips.
2. Epoxy.
3. Dyes.
Obtaining glass chips is a fairly simple process: Glass wastes were crushed on a mechanical crusher.
The glass, crushed into small pieces, the coloring component, the epoxy resin, as well as the hardener are mixed in certain proportions. The reaction between the amine and the
epoxy resin is as follows.
он
CH-CH2-Rs
CH--CH;-ROH
Л Г
R,-МН3+2НгС-CH-CH,-R--- r -N
\
CH-,
It will take a little over an hour to dry this mixture. However, air can get into the hardening composition, which is not particularly dangerous, but it can negatively appear on the appearance and strength of the tile. To do this, you need to heat the mixture. Then the mixture is mixed, after which it is poured into the prepared molds, and then it is advisable to place the filled molds in a vacuum vibration container to "suck out" air bubbles. The resulting plates are characterized by high strength, resistance to mechanical damage. It is great for facing kitchen, plumbing, house facades.
So, a plate production technique was developed which was based on glass production waste and epoxy resin (ED-20),
Below you can see the following advantages of these:
1. The possibility of processing cheap raw materials.
2. Low cost.
3. Creation of unique products with the necessary properties.
4. Obtaining plates are performed by the cold method.
Therefore, we can conclude that glass waste possible to use as raw material for new high-quality products. In recent years, in our country and abroad, considerable experience has been gained in the use of cullet in various sectors of the national economy, but the search and development of new directions for the use of glass waste continues.
References / Список литературы
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3. Gorskaya A.Y., Lazutkina G.A. Using secondary window glass combat // Glass and Ceramics, 1984. № 4. P. 30.
4. Zaitseva E.I. About some directions of cullet recycling in the building materials industry // Construction, 2000. № 4. P. 6.
5. Lyasin V.F., Sarikov P.D. New glass-based cladding materials. M.: Stroyizdat, 1987. P. 193.
6. Kislenko N.G., Tsaritsyn M.A. et al. Cullet recycling. Building Materials Industry. М., 1983. Release. 10. P. 15-16.
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