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16Multifunctional nano-photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic therapy
BUHONG LI 1*, LI LIN1, XUEJIAO SONG2 AND XIAOCHENG DONG2
1 Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University 2 Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Technology University
* bhli@fjnu.edu.cn
ABSTRACT
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes photosensitizers (PSs) together with irradiation light of specific wavelength interacting with oxygen to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), and then the cell death could be induced directly by cell damage from apoptosis, necrocytosis and autophagy, or indirectly by vascular destruction, , as well as immune response activating cytotoxic T cell or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Considering the critical role of ROS generation during PDT, multifunctional nano-PSs employing nanotechnology and nanoscience are being widely developed during the past two decades, which present not only photosensitizing properties but additionally accurate drug release abilities, efficient response to optical stimuli and hypoxia resistance. In addition, multifunctional nano-PSs have been developed to enhance PDT efficiency by improving the ROS yield. Moreover, nano-PSs with additive or synergistic therapies are significant for both current preclinical research and future clinical practice, given their capability of considerable higher therapeutic efficacy under safer systemic drug dosage. In this talk, multifunctional nano-PSs that allow precise drug delivery for efficient absorption by target cells are introduced. multifunctional Nano-PSs boosting sensitivity and conversion efficiency to PDT-activating stimuli are highlighted. multifunctional Nano-PSs developed to address the challenging hypoxia conditions during PDT of deep-sited tumors are summarized. Specifically, PSs capable of synergistic therapy and the recently emerging novel types that further enhance PDT efficacy are presented. Finally, future demands for ideal multifunctional nano-PSs, emphasizing clinical translation and application are discussed.
Efficient performance
Figure: Multifunctional nano-PSs for enhanced PDT.
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