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ОСНОВНОЙ РАЗДЕЛ
Azimova Dildora Азимова Дилдора
Наманганский инженерно педагогический институт Namangan Engineering Pedagogical Institute
Uzbekistan, Namangan city Узбекистан, города Наманган MODERN PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES
Annotation: This article scientific article modern pedagogical technologies Keywords: psyche, sight, pedagogy, technology, verbal Аннотация:^ данной научной статье рассмотрены современные педагогические технологии
Ключевые слова: психика, взгляд, педогогика, технология, вербал At present, the concept of pedagogical technology is firmly embedded in the pedagogical lexicon. Technology - a set of techniques used in any matter, skill, art (explanatory dictionary). There are many definitions of the concept of "pedagogical technology". We will choose the following: it is the construction of the activity of the teacher, in which all the actions included in it are presented in a certain sequence and integrity, and the implementation implies achievement of the necessary result and has a predictable character. Today there are more than one hundred educational technologies.
Among the main reasons for the emergence of new psychological and pedagogical technologies can be identified the following:
- the need for deeper accounting and use of psychophysiological and personal characteristics of trainees;
Awareness of the urgent need to replace ineffective verbal (Verbal) way of knowledge transfer by the system - activity approach;
- the possibility of designing the educational process, organizational forms of interaction between the teacher and the student, providing guaranteed learning outcomes.
Why have not any innovations of recent years yielded the expected effect? There are many reasons for this phenomenon. One of them is purely pedagogical -a low innovative qualification of the teacher, namely, inability to choose the right book and technology, to conduct an innovative experiment, to diagnose changes. Some teachers are not ready for innovation methodically, others - psychologically, and others - technologically. The school was and remained focused on the assimilation of scientific truths embedded in programs, textbooks and teaching aids. Everything is reinforced by the dominance of the power of the teacher. The student remained an involuntary subject of the learning process. In recent years, teachers are trying to face the student, introducing personality-oriented, humane-personal and other education. But the main trouble is that the process of cognition loses appeal. The number of preschool children who do not want to go to school increases. The positive motivation of the teaching has decreased, the children no
longer have any signs of curiosity, interest, surprise, desire - they do not ask questions at all.
The same technology can be carried out by different performers more or less in good faith, precisely by instruction or creatively. The results will be different, however, close to some average statistical value characteristic for this technology.
Sometimes the teacher-master uses elements of several technologies in his work, applies original methodical methods. In this case one should speak about the author's technology of this teacher. Every teacher is a creator of technology, even if he is dealing with borrowing. The creation of technology is impossible without creativity. For a teacher who has learned to work at the technological level, the cognitive process in his developing state will always be the main guide.
Even the placement of pupils in the classroom at school desks in a traditional school does not contribute to the learning process - children all day are forced to see only the back of one another. But all the time to contemplate the teacher.
Currently, the use of modern educational technologies that ensure the personal development of the child due to the reduction of the share of reproductive activity (the reproduction of the remaining in memory) in the learning process can be considered as a key condition for improving the quality of education, reducing the workload of students, and more efficient use of study time.
Among the modern educational technologies are:
-developing training;
-problem training;
- level-level training;
-collective system of training;
- Technology of studying inventive problems (TRIZ);
-Inscientific methods in teaching;
-project methods of teaching;
-technology of use in teaching gaming methods: role-playing, business and other types of educational games;
-training in collaboration (team work, group work;
- information and communication technologies;
-Health-saving technologies, etc.
Personally - oriented technologies place the personality of the learner at the center of the entire educational system. Providing comfortable, conflict-free conditions for its development, realization of its natural potentials. A student in this technology is not just a subject, but a priority subject; It is the goal of the educational system. And not a means of achieving anything abstract.
Features of the personality - oriented lesson.
1. The construction of didactic material of various types, types and forms, the definition of the purpose, place and time of its use in the lesson.
2. Teaching the teacher the opportunities for independent manifestation of students. Providing them the opportunity to ask questions, express original ideas and hypotheses.
3. Organization exchange of thoughts, opinions, assessments. Stimulation of students to supplement and analyze the answers of comrades.
4. Use of subjective experience and reliance on the intuition of each student. Application of difficult situations arising during the course of the lesson, as a field of application of knowledge.
5. Stemming to create a situation of success for each student.
Used sources:
1.Сальникова Т.П. Педагогические технологии: Учебное пособие /М.:ТЦ Сфера, 2005.
2.Селевко Г.К. Современные образовательные технологии. М.,1998. УДК 316.23
Dexqonova S.E. teacher of the department«History» Namangan Engineering Pedagogical Institute Uzbekistan, the city of Namangan HISTORICAL FORMS AND MANIFESTATIONS: THEOLOGICAL REPRESENTATIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS OF RELIGIOUS
VALUES
Annotation: In this article, to discuss theological views and interpretations of religious values
Keywords: Totemism, Fetishism, Judaism, National religion, Philosophical
ideas
ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ФОРМЫ И ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ: ТЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ И ТОЛКОВАНИЯ РЕЛИГИОЗНЫХ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ
Аннотация: В данный статье обсуждать теологические представления и толкования религиозных ценностей
Ключевые слова: Тотемизм, Фетишизм, Иудаизм, Национальной религии, Философские идеи.
From the history of mankind it is known that faith, people's beliefs were initially formed on the basis of deification of nature. Ancient ideology bore the features of a communal way of life. The living of people in communities (by birth and by tribes) was determined by the need to jointly search for responses to changes in the environment. Of particular importance were the specific conditions of the territory, climate, flora and fauna.
In those days the way of life of people was closely connected with the phenomena of nature. Each tribe represented the surrounding reality on the basis of their primitive material and spiritual needs. Gradually began to emerge myths, legends and legends, reflecting the connections between people and the phenomena of nature. For example, in the most ancient times, light, spring and summer were presented as symbols of well-being, good and good deeds; And winter, frost, darkness - as symbols of oppression, evil and destruction.
Views, based on legends and traditions, we call mythological (the word myth in Greek means tradition). Primitive religions, such as totemism, animism,
