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8SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 6 I 2021 _ISSN: 2181-1601
MINIMIZATION FORMS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
Nodira Fayzulla kizi Mamatkulova
Teacher of UzSWLU nodiramamtkulova4@gmail .com
ABSTRACT
When studying reduplicative words, we also applied a level approach, since when comparing this phenomenon, formal isolation of reduplicative words is carried out, taking into account the definition of structural identity and non-duplication of reduplication in such multi-system languages as in English and Uzbek. The atomic approach to the inventory of derivational units in these two languages is represented mainly by the principle of interlingual description of language systems, proceeding "from form to meaning". The principle "from meanings to means of their expression" is adopted when comparing the semantic structure of languages; English and Uzbek.
Keywords: Studying, English and Uzbek, education, structure, forms, languages.
Uzbekistan has long been the cradle of education and culture. Al-Khorezmi, Imam Al-Bukhari, Ibn-Sino, Abu Raykhan Beruni, Amir Temur, Mirzo Ulugbek, Bahovuddin Naqshbandi, Alisher Navoi, Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur and others. Since ancient times, special attention has been paid to education in our homeland. After gaining independence, our country has developed in all respects, has its own opinion, sets great goals for itself, decisively moves forward, overcomes obstacles in its path. The development of young people who are able to find the right solutions has become an urgent problem. Problems, spiritually mature, sacrificing their lives for the prosperity of the country and peace in the country. In this regard, a number of spiritual and educational propaganda works are being carried out in our country. Appropriate decisions were made.
Today, our youth has the knowledge and experience to meet world requirements, to be fully equal with other countries in the integration process of all countries, to make full use of their scientific and technological achievements and to strengthen friendly relations with countries. all over the world, and therefore their impeccable learning of foreign languages is an urgent requirement today.
Word formation is typical for the systems of all languages, for the word formation process itself is constantly operating and the word formation means themselves are dynamically evolving. On this basis, lexical units are created and the vocabulary of a particular language is enriched. "The existence of word formation in systems of different languages testifies to the typological commonality of this phenomenon. All languages have word formation, however, methods or types of word formation can have
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varying degrees of occurrence in languages, i.e. for languages of one type, affixation is more characteristic, for another - composition, for a third - conversion, etc. The above indicates that the systems of all specific languages of the world need a typological inventory of the word-formation system. At the atom, the goals and purposes of the typological inventory may be different. The maximal task of the tnpologist in this regard is to study word-formation means for determining the types of linguistic structure and for establishing word-formation universals. The minimum or narrow task of a typologist is to fix the main word-formation means in systems of quantitatively limited languages, to establish interlanguage correspondences, etc., which is a necessary stage for preparing answers to typological questionnaires that are necessary for a uniform description of languages and for creating universal grammars. The solution of such questions undoubtedly enriches our knowledge about the general problems of linguistics, because, in the words of individual linguists, "general linguistics does not yet know its subject: linguists may know, to one degree or another, what takes place in a particular language, but they do not know properly what can take place in the general set of languages.Indeed, we know something about languages, but how much do we know about the language itself - about what can be in it and what cannot be, what phenomena in it is connected what is natural in it, and what is accidental, etc. " The above Tindicates that the global problems of linguistic description and generalization of the facts of a language can be carried out by studying the systems of specific languages in terms of comparison, by compiling specific punched cards according to the structure of which of the languages being compared.
Determination of methods and techniques for highlighting topics and remas, as well as the ability to impose word order in English and Uzbek languages. In the course of the study, a universal mechanism of the theme-rhematic organization of sentences in the Uzbek and English languages was discovered. Also identified are those areas, one or another selectively selected type, characteristic of either the Uzbek language or English. The scientific novelty of the work is ensured not only by a comparative analysis of English and Uzbek sentences based on the criteria for parsing a sentence and using an intermediary language, but also by an experiment that ruined the potential of displaying these problems in the Uzbek language.
In recent years, syntax has become the main component of a theoretical grammar course, since, in general, an understanding has been reached that a variety of syntax phenomena can be identified if, as a starting point for considering syntactic structures, it is not the traditional division into sentence members that is taken, but the division into communicative - semantic information components. This approach allows for a particularly important analysis of the functional perspective of the sentence and the distribution of the elements of the utterance according to the level of the features of the
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message presentation. This kind of articulation of a sentence represents itself as articulation at a higher level in comparison with the syntactic one.
The mechanism of actual division is one of the special mechanisms that provide the existing aspects of communication. The most predetermined adapted representative for communication is the offer. Having entered the conversational chain (text), the sentence undergoes certain, formal and semantic modifications, assigns the appropriate communicative aspiration and then becomes an utterance. The modern period of the development of linguistics is also characterized by great interest in the comparative study of languages of different structures. The modern stage in the development of linguistics interprets a number of reasons, including the sociability that appears as a result of the spiritual rapprochement of peoples and countries, the relevance of taking into account the peculiarities of native speech in the method of teaching non-native speech, the desire to improve the quality of translations, as well as teaching foreign languages, primarily English as one of the most highly developed world languages. A comparative analysis of the problem of the actual division of a sentence on the material of the two languages considered in this work has not yet been was carried out, which caused the need for the emergence of this study. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set in the work:
- clarification of the degree of elaboration in general linguistics of issues related to the current, phased division of the proposal, in the studies of foreign and domestic scientists;
- definition, description of methods, means and techniques for highlighting the topic, rhyme and word order in the English and Uzbek languages;
- to establish the difference and similarity of the features of the theme and the rheme and the order of the members of the sentence in the languages under consideration;
- finding close, distinctive features of the theme, rhema and order of the members of the sentence in English and Uzbek languages;
The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it represents the first experience of a comparative typological analysis actual division of a simple sentence in English and Uzbek. Determination of methods and techniques for highlighting topics and remas, as well as the ability to impose word order in English and Uzbek languages. In the course of the study, a universal mechanism of the theme-rhematic organization of sentences in the Uzbek and English languages was discovered. Also identified are those areas, one or another selectively selected type, characteristic of either the Uzbek language or English. The scientific novelty of the work is ensured not only by a comparative analysis of English and Uzbek sentences based on the criteria for parsing a sentence and using an intermediary language, but also by an experiment that ruined the potential of displaying these problems in the Uzbek language.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 6 I 2021 _ISSN: 2181-1601
This article is the first attempt at a monographic comparative typological study of the actual division in the system of the English and Uzbek languages. At the same time, the following were identified and considered:
The origins of the doctrine, about the current division of the proposal, both in world and domestic linguistics. An extensive critical review of the study of the topic-rhematic approach to the study of syntactic units (communicative) from the stage of the inception of his Prague school (from the theory of V. Mathesius and Firbas, etc.) to the present day, including in English and Uzbek linguistics, is offered.
The theoretical significance of the dissertation lies in the fact that the scientific achievements obtained as a result of the linguistic analysis carried out can contribute to the further development of English and Uzbek theoretical and communicative grammar. The interlanguage differences investigated in the work make it possible to characterize the process of divergence in languages of different structures at the initial stage of the manifestation of differences, which contributes to the study of linguistic diachrony.
REFERENCES
1. Ivanov, N.V. The actual division of the sentence in the textual discourse and in the language (based on the materials of the comparative study of Portuguese and Russian texts). Monograph. / N.V. Ivanov. - M .: ZAO Publishing House, 2010 - 263p.
2. Matesius, V. On linguistic characterology (based on the material of modern English / V. Matesius // Selected works on linguistics: Translated from Czech, English / Zakl.st. D.V. Sichinava. 2nd edition - M.: Editorial URSS, 2010 .-- 232p.
3. Niyazov, A.M. Word order in Russian and Uzbek languages (comparative aspect): author. Candidate of Philological Sciences. / A.M. Iyazov. -Dushanbe, 2012 .-- 24p.
