Методы обезвреживания оружия, удержания и противодействия удержанию: возможные уязвимые места некоторых современных тенденций в обучении Текст научной статьи по специальности «Прочие гуманитарные науки»

Методы обезвреживания оружия, удержания и противодействия удержанию: возможные уязвимые места некоторых современных

тенденций в обучении

Рональд Конде*1, Кузнецова З.М.2

1 Высшая школа гражданской полиции (ESPC) г. Куритиба, Бразилия ORCID: 0000-0001-751 7-0141, legacyofhonorhonor@gmail. com * 2Набережночелнинский филиал «Университетуправления «ТИСБИ» г. Набережные Челны, Россия ORCID: 0000-0002-5558-474X, kzm_diss@mail.ru

Аннотация: Техники снятия с охраны, удержания оружия и контратакующего удержания глубоко связаны с атмосферой грэпплинг-боя, в котором можно применять как навыки стилей грэпплинга, так и стили нанесения ударов. Научная новизна. Предпринята попытка выявить пробелы в действиях обороняющегося перед лицом действий агрессора и наоборот Практическая значимость. Статья полезна тренерам, спортсменам, преподавателям курсов по единоборствам. Материалы и методы. Посредством анализа некоторых методик, показанных в некоторых видеороликах на YouTube, была предпринята попытка выявить некоторые тенденции в обучении таким двигательным действиям. В качестве ключевого строительного блока были использованы знания из области биомеханики, принимая во внимание, в частности, уровень безопасности, который изучаемые двигательные действия могут обеспечить сотрудникам полиции. Результаты и обсуждения. В настоящее время наблюдается рост числа специалистов по разоружению, удержанию оружия и методам противодействия удержанию, которые, как правило, находятся на одном из двух крайних полюсов. В последнее время некоторые силы безопасности обучаются методам самоубийства. В дополнение к ограничениям некоторых инструкторов, приводящим к своего рода упрощению в отношении прогнозирования кризисных сценариев, как это ни парадоксально, наблюдается тенденция проблематизировать преподавание этих методик, чтобы сделать их более продаваемыми в виде курсов для рассматриваемой целевой аудитории, даже когда таким методикам может не хватать валидации. Заключение. Была предпринята попытка выявить пробелы в действиях обороняющегося перед лицом действий агрессора и наоборот. Похоже, что одно из решений рассматриваемой проблемы всегда состоит в том, чтобы предполагать, что агрессор наделен множеством навыков, и проверять данную технику, прежде чем рекомендовать ее общественности, на основе конкретных тестов с участием высококвалифицированных специалистов, а не непрофессионалов или посредственностей в определенной области, будь то борьба или нанесение ударов.

Ключевые слова: обезвреживание оружия, приемы удержания и контратаки, рукопашный бой, грэпплинг, нанесение ударов, подготовка сотрудников полиции.

Для цитирования: Рональд Конде* Методы обезвреживания оружия, удержания и противодействия удержанию: возможные уязвимые места некоторых современных тенденций в обучении. Педагогико-психологические и медико-биологические проблемы физической культуры и спорта. 2024; 19(1): .

Weapon disarming, retention and counter retention techniques: possible vulnerabilities of some modern teaching trends

Ronalde Conde1 *, Zinaida M. Kuznetsova

1 Escola Superior de Policía Civil (ESPC) Curitiba, Brazil

ORCID: 0000-0001-751 7-0141, legacyofhonorhonor@gmail.com* 2Naberezhnye Chelny branch of "TISBI" Management University Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia ORCID: 0000-0002-5558-474X, kzm_diss@mail.ru

Abstract: The weapon disarming, retention and counter retention techniques are deeply connected to the atmosphere of grappling combat in which it is possible to apply both the skills of grappling styles and striking styles. Scientific novelty. An attempt was accepted to identify gaps in the defender's action in the face of the aggressor's action and vice v ersa. Practical significance. The article is useful for coaches, athletes, teachers of martial courses. Materials and methods. Through the analysis of some techniques displayed in some videos on YouTube, tried to identify some trends in teaching such motor actions. As a key building block, knowledge from biomechanics was used, taking into account, specially, the level of safety that the studied motor actions can offer to the police officers. Results and discussions. There is currently a proliferation of specialists in weapon disarmament, retention and counter-retention techniques, which tend to be located in one of two extreme poles. Some security forces were taught suicidal techniques lately. In addition to the limitations of some instructors lead to a kind of simplification regarding the projection of crises scenarios, paradoxically, it is observed a tendency to problematize the teaching these techniques in order to make them more salable in the form of courses to the target audience in consideration, even when such techniques may lack validation. Conclusion. An attempt was accepted to identify gaps in the defender's action in the face of the aggressor's action and vice versa. It seems that one of the solutions to the examined problem is always to assume that the aggressor is endowed with multiple skills and validate a given technique before recommending it to the public from specific tests with highly trained individuals, and not laymen or mediocre in a certain domain, either in grappling or striking.

Keywords: The weapon disarming, retention and counter retention techniques, hand-to-hand combat, grappling, striking, police officer training.

For citation: Ronalde Conde*. Weapon disarming, retention and counter retention techniques: possible vulnerabilities of some modern teaching trends. Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2024; 19(1): .

Introduction

The weapon disarming, retention and counter retention techniques are entered the atmosphere of grappling combat in which it is possible to apply both the skills of grappling styles and striking styles.As already it had been proved through the statistical analysis of the most prominent submission-wrestling tournament of the world, jiu jitsu imposes itself in the context of grappling [1]. For this reason, its importance cannot be underestimated. On the other hand, its application cannot be overestimated, taking into consideration the technical-tactical possibilities of other modalities and styles of martial arts, which also cannot be disregarded. In this study, such reckless attitudes, that correspond to the teaching of specific techniques, are going to be discussed in light of their possible implications for the personal safety of police officers.

Materials and methods

At first, a search was made through the databases of Google. The bibliographic survey consists of articles from electronic journals and a printed book. To carry out this procedure, the following keywords was entered. The weapon disarming, retention and counter retention techniques, hand-to-hand combat, grappling, striking, police officer training. The same procedure was performed in the search for internet videos related to these keywords. Next, a youtube channel was specifically created for this study and then two playlists to gather the two types of detected trends that lead to risk situations. As a key building block, knowledges from biomechanics synthesized in the first chapter of the book entitled Jiu Jitsu: tradition and asceticism, constant in the bibliographical references below, were used, taking into account, specially, the level of safety that the studied motor actions can offer to the police officers. In order to infer the risk of each technique, a prospective analysis was carried out, by using inductive reasoning to project possible adverse reactions of the attackers in the face of the police public and to detect possible gaps both on the part of the aggressor and the defender. For that, the analyst used his expertise as a coach and former athlete in jiu jitsu, free-style wrestling, judo and muay thai. An attempt was made to understand the existence of the two trends through the abductive reasoning method, by seeking the best possible explanations for the occurrence of the profiles under examination.

Results and discussions

There is currently a proliferation of specialists in weapon disarmament, retention and counter-retention techniques, which tend to be located in one of two possible extreme poles. On the one hand, there are those who seem to overestimate the role of their jiu jitsu and underestimate the potential for possible counterattacks coming from other martial arts, while at the same time tending to ignore possible unusual counterattacks, such as eye pokes, attacks on the genitals and lethal bites on the neck in grappling situations. This last one seems to be one of the more often observed vulnerability in the instructors [2]. On the other hand, there are those who seem to underestimate the aggressor's jiu jitsu and disregard its technical potential to neutralize the retention and counter retention through combined grappling and striking attacks [3].

Consequently, security forces have been taught suicidal techniques lately. Suicidal techniques can be understood as movements endowed with high risk for the one who executes them. They are usually configured when the aggressor's potential and abilities are underestimated, as well as when the defender lacks the prospective capacity to design more complex scenarios for the application of a given technique. This may result from a technical limitation, when the defender does not have mastery in several domains (such as grappling and striking simultaneously), or when he does not know how to connect these knowledges and, therefore, has serious difficulties in designing realistic crisis scenarios for the validation of its technical arsenal [1].

In addition to the limitations of some instructors lead to a kind of simplification regarding the projection of crises scenarios, paradoxically, it is observed a tendency to problematize the teaching these techniques in order to make them more salable in the form of courses to the target audience in consideration, even when such techniques may lack validation. It can be observed that a given technical arsenal is validated when it is put to the test in competitions (not necessarily sports tournaments) with high-level contenders [1,4,5], and not when problematized in courses and internet videos in order to make them attractive to a target audience, or hypothesizing, still, a virtually inept aggressor to a blunt and multifaceted attack as could be observed in the examined videos.

It is observed that not every technique possibly validated in a given test is suitable for all individuals indistinctly [1]. It will depend not only on his motor experience and his martial skills, but also on his own biotype and the biotype of the possible aggressor, as well as the motion chain that the aggressor comes to throw himself, since a variation of a certain attack action can have as counterpart the need for singular responses so that this same attacking action can be neutralized. Consequently, care must be taken when recommending a set of techniques to an audience as phenotypically heterogeneous as the police public, since what may be indicated for one may be contraindicated for another.

Conclusion

The main limitation of the present study was the absence of a statistical treatment of the data that would allow obtaining more precise deductions through the quantification of the observed actions. However, the analysis of the videos allowed good inferences that may support further studies on the subject in question so that they can contribute to the development of specialized protocols for testing possible techniques to be offered to police officers. It has been sought to identify gaps in the defender's action in the face of the aggressor's action and vice versa. It seems that one of the solutions to the examined problem is always to assume that the aggressor is endowed with multiple skills and validate a given technique before recommending it to the public from specific tests with highly trained individuals, and not laymen or mediocre in a certain domain, either in grappling or striking. Another point worthy of attention is to establish the correlation between the biotypological profile and the possibly validated technique so that this same technique can be correctly suggested to the corresponding segment of police public, thus avoiding compromising the safety of those possibly unable to perform it.

Список литературы

1. Конде Рональд. Джиу-джитсу: традиции и аскетизм. Сан-Паулу: Episc Verlag,

2022.

2. Канал YouTube о хранении оружия и борьбе с ним. Плейлист: Анализ первой группы приемов, 2023 год.

3. YouTube-канал удержания оружия и контратаки. Плейлист: Анализ второй группы приемов, 2023 год.

4. Данильченко В.А., Хабинец Т.А.. Типичные ошибки, допускаемые курсантами высших учебных заведений Министерства внутренних дел Украины, осваивающими приемы подачи замков. Физическое воспитание студентов. 2014; 20-25.

5- Осипов А, Кудрявцев М, Галимова А, Жавнер Т, Федорова П, Шулятьев В, Стручков В, Песняева Н. Анализ уровня специальной подготовленности курсантов и сотрудников органов внутренних дел Российской Федерации к физическому противодействию преступникам. Журнал физического воспитания и спорта. 2017; 17 (2): 602 - 607.

6. Ronald Conde. Бразильское джиу-джитсу: историографическая фальсификация. Педагогико-психологические и медико-биологические проблемы физической культуры и спорта. 2022; 17(3): 107-109. DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2022-17-3-107-109.

References

1. Conde, Ronald. Jiu-Jitsu: tradi9ao e ascetismo. Sao Paulo: Episc Verlag. 2022.

2. YouTube channel Weapon Retention and Counter. Playlist: First group of techniques analyzed. 2023.

3. YouTube channel Weapon Retention and Counter. Playlist: Second group of techniques analyzed. 2023.

4. Danylchenko VA, Khabinets TA. Typical mistakes, made by the cadets, mastering the submission locks, of the higher educational establishments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. Physical education of students. 2014: 20- 25.

5. Щsipov A, Kudryavtsev M, Galimova A, Zhavner T, Fedorova P, Shulyatev V, Struchkov V, Pesniaeva N. Analysis level of the special proficiency of cadets and officers of the Internal Affairs authorities of the Russian Federation to the physical interdictory effort by criminals. The Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2017; 17 (2): 602 - 607.

6. Ronald Conde. Brazilian Jiu Jitsu: a historiographical fraud. Pedagogiko-psihologicheskie I mediko-biologicheskie problemy fizicheskoj kul'tury I sporta = Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2022; 17(3): 91-99. DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2022-17-3-107109 [In Russ., In Engl.].

Статья поступила в редакцию: 20.02.2024

Рональд Конде - детектив, Высшая школа гражданской полиции "ESPC", Куритиба, Бразилия, e-mail: legacyofhonorhonor@gmail.com

Кузнецова Зинаида Михайловна - доктор педагогических наук, профессор, Набережночелнинский филиал «Университет управления «ТИСБИ», 423806, Россия, г. Набережные Челны, ул. Комсомольская набережная, дом 6, e-mail: kzm_diss@mail.ru