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individual or group (for example, for the staff of an individual company) needs. Cost effectiveness. The average assessment of world educational systems 50% cheaper than traditional forms of education. The relatively low cost of training is provided through the use of more concentrated and unified content, the orientation of the DL technology to a large number of students, as well as through more efficient use of existing training areas and technical facilities. The new role of the teacher. It is entrusted with such functions as coordinating the cognitive process, adjusting the course taught, advising on the preparation of an individual curriculum, managing educational projects, etc. Asynchronous, as a rule, the interaction of trainees and the teacher in the DLS involves the exchange of messages by sending them to the addresses of correspondents. This allows you to analyze the incoming information and respond to it at a convenient time for correspondents. Methods of asynchronous interaction are electronic voicemail or electronic computer networks. Specialized education quality control. You can use remotely organized exams, interviews, practical, course and design work, external studies, computer intelligent testing systems as forms of control. It should be especially emphasized that the solution to the problem of quality control of DL, its
¡OgMCl / «C@yL@qyiym-j®yrMaL»#3i27),20 compliance with educational standards is of fundamental importance for the success of the entire DL system. The academic recognition and rating of the courses of DOs, the possibility of offsetting them through traditional educational institutions depends on the success of its solution. Therefore, to exercise control in the DLS, a unified system of state testing should be created. The use of specialized technologies and learning tools. Distance learning technology is a combination of methods, forms and means of interaction with a person in the process of independent, but controlled development of a certain volume by him. knowledge. Teaching technology is built on the foundation of a certain content and must comply with the requirements of its presentation. The knowledge offered for training is submitted in special courses and modules intended for pre-school education and based on the educational standards existing in the country, as well as in data and knowledge banks, libraries, etc.
References
1.Andreev A. A. Introduction to distance learning.- M, 1997. 2. Distance learning: Tutorial // Edited by E.S. Polat - M .: Human., Center, Vlados, 1998.
2.F.Koraev, N.Dilmurodov. Masofavy Kurslarni Yraratish Kakida // Nasaf ziyoshi, 2005. №1
UDC 631.312.024
Sergey Vitalyevich Belousov,
senior lecturer Novikov Vladislav Vladimirovich, junior science worker Anna Igorevna Belousova, science worker Dmitry Alexandrovich Filippov, student
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kuban State Agrarian University
named after I. T. Trubilin ", Krasnodar, Russian Federation DOI: 10.24411/2520-6990-2019-10004 MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE COMBINED AGRICULTURAL WORKING BODY
Abstract
The article is devoted to the scientific approach with the help of computer-aided design tools for modeling the processes of interaction of tillage tools with soil. The article has an applied character, which is expressed in the fact that the method of computer-aided design in Mathcad using software CAD COMPASS 3D has been used. The analyses of expressions in the form of three-dimensional graphs are widely presented and their detailed review is given, which can be used to perform the improvement of the design of units that perform the main treatment of the soil with a turnover of a layer. As a result of the work done, there was obtained a combined plowshare with additional flat-cutting working bodies, there was made a matrix of experiment planning, there was obtained a graph of the dependence of the width grip of the flat-cutting razor on the speed of the arable unit. There were substantiated the factors of influence on performance as a result of using the planning of the two-factor experiment due to the orthogonal plan, there were determined the optimal settings of the operation modes of the plowshare.
Keywords: plow, soil, width of grip, pressure, quality of treatment, working body, energy efficiency, load, mould board, working surface, experiment, quality.
In Kuban State Agrarian University at the department of "Processes and machines in agribusiness" there were conducted the researches in the field of basic tillage. A number of works is aimed at improving this process, namely the development of a set of additional working bodies for their installation on the existing structure of the plowshare
which leads to the advance of the process of basic tillage with a turnover of the layer to improve the quantitative and qualitative rates of this technological operation. All processes of work of agricultural machines are based on principles of mathematical model construction, their theoretical checking up, the inspection on laboratory stands and conducting
«C@yL@qyiym-J©yrMaL»#3i27),2©19 / TECHNICAL SCHMCE
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the full-scale field experiments. We propose to install a set of additional working bodies (Figurel) in the form of flat-cutting working bodies on each side of the plowshare. This design will improve the qualitative rates of the arable unit work, namely to reduce the number of passages of agricultural machines on the field when it is preparing for sowing.
The works are conducted on the basis of patents of the RF № 2491807; 136275; 136674 which allow to increase the turnover of the payer at minimum expenses for energy. Researches were conducted on the territory of Krasnodar region. The choice of the tractor's type is implemented proceeding from the fact that we created the working arable unit of the PLN-4-25 type and the tractor MTZ-80 of the class 1,5-2 tons was suitable for use due to operational characteristics [1].
The design of Figure 1, where schematically the plowshare (top view) is showed in Figure 1: In Figure
2 - general view of the of a plowshare's body; in Figure
3 - general view of the plowshare's body in axonomet-ric projection, Figure 3.
The plowshare contains the frame 1 determined the plow body 2, each of one is consisted of bay 3, plowshare 4, mouldboard 5 and regulated in height the flat-cutting razor 6 which is installed on bar 3from the side of field cut under the angle a= 15 - 45° to the movement of the plowshare oppositely to the angle of the slope of the plowshare and has a width, which is equal to the width of the grip of one body of the plowshare, such unit of flat-cutting razor gives the mirror reflection of the plowshare. The flat-cutting razor unit under the angle a= 15 - 45° is conditioned that the work of the flat-cutting razor installed in specified limits supplies with optimal parameters of soil crumbling on specified depth of processing [2].
Figure 1 - PlowRU2491807 C1
According to the patent figure 1, the plow RU 2491807 C1 was made as the laboratory model and there were conducted its tests [3]. Such constructive performance will allow to increase a degree of soil crumbling due to its diffused processing on depth by the main and additional working bodies depending on a condition of soil and the predecessor, and also the decrease in traction resistance of a plow due to decrease in pressure of a field board on a wall of a furrow [4].
The technical result is the reduction of steel intensity in comparison with plowshares in which coulters are used. There is a decrease in traction resistance and improve the quality of tillage by reducing the quantitative and qualitative rates of the plow body [5].
There was made the special installation on Figure 2 by means of which it was possible to make field tests to carry out the laboratory and field researches.
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1 - frame of tractor; 2 - pendulum mount; 3 (BC) - load-bearing element of transition frame; 4 - primary measuring reformer offorce of equal resistance (cantilever beam) with tension resistors; 5 - bearings; 6 - controlled support; 7 - lengthwise rods of tractor; 8 - central rod of tractor; 9 - hanged up unit with working bodies. Figure 2 - Kinetic scheme of transition frame to the tractor MTZ
The present results are shown in the form of a graph shown in Fig. 1. The determination of factors affecting the productivity and quality of processing. When considering factors affecting the productivity and quality of processing, their location in space relative to each other and their geometric dimensions were taken into account [6].
The analysis of continuous symmetric plans of the second order showed that the maximum value of the determinant of the information matrix is achieved when the moments of the plan are equal respectively [13].
For this purpose, the orthogonal symmetrical plan (star points of which are equal +1). The influence of two factors was studied and there were fixed their values at optimal levels. Factors, intervals and
levels of variation are presented in Table 1. Also, according to this method, we conduct researches of flat-cutting working organs. Thus, when considering factors affecting the productivity and quality of processing, their location in space relative to each other and their geometric dimensions were taken into account. The analysis of continuous symmetric plans of the second order showed that the maximum value of the determinant of the information matrix is achieved in the case when the moments of the plan are respectively equal. For this purpose, there was used the orthogonal symmetrical plan (the star points of which is equal to + 1).
Table 1
Factors, intervals and levels of variation
Factors Coded designation Interval of variation Levels of factors
-1 0 +1
Diameter mm. X1 150 0 150 300
Velocity of movement km/h. X2 2,7 5,34 8,05 10,76
The quality of treatment is affected by the speed of movement and the diameter of the rotary working body. The levels of factors were chosen so that their optimal values, calculated theoretically or taking into account the existing limitations fell into the center of the variation interval. The maximum value for the first factor x1 was the width of grip of the flat-cutting razor which is equal to nmax = 300 mm and decreased to nmm = 0 mm, which corresponded to the variation interval [7].
For the second factor x2, the speed of movement of the arable unit kvmax = 10.76 and decreased to kvmm =
where Y - productivity of plowshare under interaction 1 and 2 factors.
5.34, which corresponded to the range of variation. There were chosen the ranges of variation and levels of factors, the values of which are listed in Table 4.
The planning matrix is presented in Table 3. Experiments were carried out according to the above-described method. The order of the experiments was performed according to the table of random numbers [8]. Average values of optimization parameters are presented in Table 4.
After mathematical processing of experimental data, the following regression equations were obtained:
(1)
Performing a canonical transformation and solving a system of linear equations, we find the coordinates of the center of the response surface X1= -0,05436, X2= -0.02451
Y = 13j5é7 - C.9Ö5 * XL - C.1095 *X2- 1236 * X^ * X2 - 9,155 *X{
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There was obtained the structure of the combined share of a plowshare with additional flat-cutting working bodies.
The experiment of planning matrix has been compiled. There was obtained the graph of the dependence of the width of grip of flat-cutting razor from speed movement of the unit, from where it is seen that with increasing ratio of the flat-cutting razor grip width, reducing performance, and thus the deterioration of quality rates of work of the plowshare [11].
Factors of influence on productivity (width of grip of a flat-cutting razor and speed of movement) are proved. Using the planning of the two-factor experiment on the orthogonal plan, the optimal parameters of the modes of operation of the plowshare are determined. According to the obtained regression equation according to the criterion of maximum productivity of plowshare tillage, the center of the experiment is in the redistribution of the experimental area, while the maximum productivity in this case will be at the width of the grip of flat-cutting razor of 190.54 mm. and the speed of movement of 6.15 km/h [12].
Bibliography
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2. E.I. Trubilin. Economic efficiency of the dump cultivation of soil developed by a combined plowshoe / Trubilin E.I., Belousov S.V., Lepshina A.I. // The political network electronic scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. -2014. -No. 103.-C. 654-672.
3. E.I. Trubilin. The main soil cultivation with the formation turnover in modern working conditions and devices for its implementation / Trubilin E.I., Belousov S.V., Lepshina A.I. // The political network electronic scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. -2014. - No. 104.-C. 1902-1922.
4. Belousov S.V. Communication of science and technology in the field of development of machines for the basic tillage of the soil with the circulation of the bed / Belousov S.V. // The political network electronic scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. -2015. No. 109.-C. 468-486.
5. Belousov S.V. Modern technologies of soil cultivation / Belousov S.V. // Scientific provision of the agro industrial complex. -2012. -FROM. 3-4.
6. Parkhomenko G.G. Perfection of working organs for tillage / Parkhomenko GG, Bozhko I.V., Se-menikhina Y.A., Pantyukhov I.V., Drozdov S.V., Gromakov A.V., Kambulov S.I., Belousov S.V. // State and prospects of the development of agricultural machinery. Collection of articles of the 9th international scientific and practical conference within the framework of the 19th international agro-industrial exhibition "Interagro-mash-2016". -2016. -FROM. 27-30.
7. Belousov S.V. Development of the construction of a plow for the treatment of heavy soils / Bel-ousov S.V., Trubilin E.I. // Science of the Kuban. -2013. -No 1.-C. 37-40.
8. Belousov S.V. Patent search for structures that provide soil treatment with the turnover of the reservoir. Search method. The proposed technical solution / Belousov S.V. // The political network electronic scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. -2015. No. 109.-C. 416-450.
9. Belousov S.V. Decrease in energy intensity of the process of basic processing of soil with turnover of the bed / Belousov S.V. // Fundamental foundations of modern agrarian technologies and technology. Collection of works of the All-Russian Youth Scientific and Practical Conference. -National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University. -2015. -FROM. 280-283.
10. Belousov S.V. Role and prospects for the development of small-scale mechanization in the context of co-temporary engineering / Belousov S.V. / Scientific support of the agro-industrial complex. A collection of articles on the materials of the 72nd Scientific and Practical Conference of pre-applicants on the results of research work for 2016 - 2017.-C. 277-278.
11. Belousov S.V. The value of small-scale mechanization / Belousov S.V. // Scientific support of the agro-industrial complex. Collection of articles based on the IX All-Russian Conference of Young Scientists. Responsible for release: A.G. Koshchaev. -2016. -WITH. 315-316.
12. Palapin A.V. Modern approach to chemical plant protection / Palapin A.V., Belousov S.V. // British Journal of Innovation in Science and Technology. -2016. -T. 1. -№ 3. -C. 13-24.
