CC BY
8References
1. J. A. C. Bingham, "Multicarrier modulation for data transmission: An Idea Whose Time Has Come", IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 28, no.5, pp. 5-14, 1990.
2. G. Li and G.L. Stuber, Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing for wireless communications, Springer, 2006.
3. Van De Beek, et al, Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Review of Radio Science 1996-99, Intern. Union of Radio Science (URSI), 1999.
4. V. Kumbasar and O. Kucur, "Better wavelet packet tree structures for PAPR reduction in WOFDM systems," Digital Signal Processing, 2008, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 885-891.
5. Smolentsev N.K., Fundamentals of the theory of wavelets. Wavelets in MATLAB. - Moscow: DMK Press, 2009. - 448 p. (in Russian).
Статья поступила 31 августа 2022 г.
Информация об авторах
Щукин Анатолий Николаевич - Кандидат технических наук. Главный специалист ПАО «Интелтех». E-mail: ShchukinAN@mteltech.ru.Тъл..: (812) 448-95-94.
Солозобов Сергей Анатольевич - Кандидат технических наук, доцент. Начальник НИ0-0630, ПАО «Интелтех». E-mail: solozobob@inteltech.ru. Тел.: (812)295-40-54.
Адрес: 197342, г. Санкт-Петерб^г, ул. Кантемировская, д.8.
Formation of a spectral-efficient OFDM signal in the basis of discrete wavelet functions
A.N. Shchukin, S.A. Solozobov
Annotation. The purpose of the article is to show how Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals can be generated using a discrete wavelet transform. The time, spectral and energy characteristics of OFDM signals obtained as a result of simulation modeling of the process of their formation based on discrete wavelet transform are presented. Currently, OFDM is implemented using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). In the scientific literature, this method is referred to as FFT-OFDM. FFT-OFDM is one of the main methods of signal generation, which is used for the design of data transmission systems. FFT-OFDM has significant disadvantages, such as a decrease in the efficiency of using the allocated frequency band due to the use of a protective time interval (cyclic prefix) to reduce inter-character interference between both OFDM symbols and between symbols on subcarriers, as well as its relatively high peak factor. With the development of the theory of wavelet analysis, discrete wavelet transform has been used to generate OFDM signals. In the scientific literature, this method is referred to as (Discrete Wavelet Transform-DWT) DWT -OFDM. Currently, OFDM signal generation by the DWT-OFDM method is becoming an alternative to the conventional FFT-OFDM method. The results of the graphics obtained as a result of modeling OFDM signals are presented. The analysis of the obtained results is carried out. The results of the work can be implemented when creating radio communication complexes.
Keywords: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing signal, power spectral density, symbol, constellation, interpolation, peak factor.
Information about Authors
Anatoly Nikolaevich Shchukin - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Chief Specialist of PJSC "Inteltech". E-mail: ShchukinAN@inteltech.ru. Tel.: (812) 448-95-94.
Sergey Anatolyevich Solozobov - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of NIO-0630, PJSC "Inteltech". E-mail: solozobob@inteltech.ru. Tel.: (812) 295-40-54.
Address: Russia, 197342, Saint-Petersburg, Kantemirovskaya street 8.
Для цитирования: Щукин A.H., Солозобов С.А. Формирование спектрально-эффективного OFDM сигнала в базисе дискретных вейвлет-ф^кций II Техника средств связи. 2022. № 3 (159). С. 80-89. DOI: 10.24412/2782-2141-2022-3-80-89.
For citation: Shchukin A.N., Solozobov S.A. Formation of a spectral-efficient OFDM signal in the basis of discrete wavelet functions. Means of Communication Equipment. 2022. No. 3 (159). Pp. 80-89. DOI: 10.24412/2782-2141-2022-3-80-89 (in Russian).
ОБЪЕКТЫ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ОБЛАСТИ РАЗРАБОТКИ СРЕДСТВ ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИЙ
УДК 347.747.2 DOI: 10.24412/2782-2141-2022-3-90-98
Linguistic analysis of microwave terms
E.N. Mikhaylova
Annotation: Changes related to scientific and technological progress are reflected in all spheres of life, affecting such a fundamental phenomenon as language. The vocabulary of any language is updated with new scientific terms every day, and terminological dictionaries lose their relevance very quickly. Terminology has developed particularly rapidly over the past decades as a result of the rapid advance of science and technology. Therefore, one of the most important problems of modern linguistics is the study of terms and term systems. The need to analyze the types of microwave terms in order to further systematize them accounts for the relevance of this work.
Keywords: term, microwave terms, term formation, abbreviation, affixation, combination of words, etymology.
Definition of the term and its main functions
Human language activity is a direct reflection of the constant development of science and technology. With the beginning of the scientific and technical revolution (NTR), which began after the World War II and continues to this day, there was a rapid increase in the volume of special vocabulary in the language. Progress in science and technology, as well as accompanying social changes in society lead to "a radical restructuring of the conceptual apparatus of many scientific disciplines and the emergence of new branches of knowledge", to the formation of "new concepts, which dramatically increases the need for a nomination". All this causes the formation of a large number of new terms, making a change in the existing terminological systems. In turn, linguists should turn the "terminological explosion", which is of a spontaneous nature, into a controlled process.
Despite the relatively long study of terms, there is no generally accepted definition of this concept. One of the main reasons for this abundance of various definitions is that the term is an object of a number of Sciences at the same time, each of which seeks to highlight in it such features that from its point of view are considered essential.
The information contained in a term is usually related to its etymology. Thus, in the" Etymological dictionary of the Russian language "Fasmer indicated that the Latin terminus means "border sign".
The Linguistic encyclopedic dictionary states: "the term (from lat. terminus-border, limit) - a word or phrase denoting the concept of a special area of knowledge or activity. It is included in the General lexical system of the language, but only through the medium of a specific terminological system (terminology)" .
In the" Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language "By D. N. Ushakov, the concept "term" refers to a word that is the name of a strictly defined concept, or a special word and expression adopted to refer to something in a particular environment, profession.
In linguistics, the term is often understood as "a word or phrase of a special (scientific, technical, etc.) language created (accepted, borrowed, etc.) for the exact expression of special concepts of designation of special objects".
The Cambridge Dictionary States that a term is "a word or expression used in relation to a particular topic, often to describe something official or technical", while in the Oxford Living
Dictionaries it is "a word or phrase used to describe something or Express an idea, especially in a particular kind of language or field of science" (hereafter translated by the author).
E.N. Taranova defines the term as a unit of natural or artificial language, which has a special terminological meaning as a result of spontaneously formed or conscious collective agreement, showing significant signs of the corresponding concept at this stage of development of science and technology.
In Plato's time, logicians preferred to consider the term "abbreviated definition or exact name of a strictly defined concept of science, technology, etc.". Pre-linguistic studies have defined the term only in terms of its external characteristics. For example, G.V. Leibniz believed that the terms "are not used, but are inherent in the entire speech of a certain person or group of people". G. Paul argued that the terms are used "mainly or exclusively by representatives of certain professions".
The technical sciences, however, prefer to see in terms the words that denote technical devices, parts, devices, etc. in a particular environment, profession.
Many linguists hold a functional view of the nature of the term, according to which the term is "not a special word, but a word in a special function". So, almost any word can become a term, and any term as a result of determinologization to pass into the category of common words. Currently, this theory finds an increasing number of supporters who seek to identify the function that the term causes in relation to the concept.
Traditionally, the function of the term is understood as "the role that the term performs as a means of designating a General special concept". Many researchers distinguish two main functions of the term as nominative and definitive. Some consider its main function to be nominative, while others consider it to be definitive. So, the first point of view is held by S. V. Grinev, defining the term as "a nominative special lexical unit (word or phrase) of a special language, accepted for the exact name of special concepts". VV. Vinogradov is a supporter of the second point of view, arguing that "the word performs either a nominative or a definitive function, because either it is a means of clear designation, and then it is a simple sign, or a means of logical definition, then it is a scientific term".
It should also be mentioned that some linguists consider the term as a lexical unit that performs both nominative and definitive functions, since they claim that "the term denotes a whole fragment of the General system of knowledge" (nominative function) and replaces the definition (definitive function).
In addition to the two above-mentioned functions of the term, many scientists distinguish its other functions. For example, M.N. Mironova and L.V. Epoeva say that the term conveys special knowledge to the recipient with establishing feedback, performing a communicative function, as well as a heuristic function, opening him new knowledge .
Thus, the concept of "term" can be understood as a lexical unit that denotes a certain concept or phenomenon from a specific area of knowledge. Such functions as nominative, definitive, communicative and heuristic can be distinguished.
Main characteristics of terms
Many researchers have identified the following characteristics of the term that distinguish it from common units of the language: lexical and word-forming system; unambiguity; stylistic neutrality; definition; nominative character; independence of the term from the text.
However, it should be noted that scientists have recently become increasingly aware that certain features of terms should be revised, since most of them do not meet these requirements. Thus, the above characteristics are desirable rather than strictly established. Moreover, some of them raise serious objections. The term can denote units of scientific knowledge, expressing specially professional, scientific and technical concepts.
Many researchers argue that a term can be unambiguous within a single terminological field. However, it is often possible to meet such a phenomenon when the term has several meanings at once. For example, the term javelin in one case refers to a short throwing spear, in the other - a type of jet projectile for hitting air targets. As we can see, both values belong to the same subject area. Therefore, it can be argued that this feature is not typical for all units of terminological vocabulary.
The objectivity of the concept content should make the term reflecting it neutral in the stylistic and emotional-expressive relation. According to T. Savory, who emphasized emotional neutrality, terms are just signs that convey a certain amount of encoded information. However, this point of view is not completely justified, because the formation of specialized vocabulary is based on a motivating feature, which in some cases can cause associations. For example, stealth fighter-fighter "Stealth" (fighter - "fight, fight", stealth - "trick, trick").
Another characteristic that some of the scientists question is definitiveness, i.e., the presence of a definition. Although previously it was recognized as one of the essential, but over time, the very requirement for its presence has become essential. So, V. M. Leychik argues that definitiveness is not a sign of the term, because there are many terms, the meaning of which is still not fully defined in the verbal definition. Example can serve as many linguistic terms such as "word", "sentence", etc.
Another controversial characteristic is the independence of the term from the text. I. N. Volkova believes that it is on the basis of terms that are the main type of specialized vocabulary, and not on the basis of other lexical units that "scientific theories, laws, principles and proposals are formed". Therefore, the signs of any term can only be lexical and word-forming system and nominative character.
Classification of terms
Classification plays an important role in any field of science, helping scientists to identify the hierarchy of scientific concepts, fully disclose and demonstrate the logical connections and relationships within any subject area.
Individual features of the term can be used as a base for classification. Thus, T.R. Kiyak based his classification on the principle of word formation of terms, characteristic in General and for common units, highlighting: terms-root words: a) native non-derivative vocabulary (nos); b) borrowed non-derivative vocabulary (atom); derived vocabulary: a) terms formed by suffixation (peephole); b) terms formed by means of prefix (cutting); terms-complex words (concrete mixer); the terms - word combinations (computing machine);terms-abbreviations (ACS-automatic control system); letter symbols (gamma rays); symbols (signs) - for example, mathematical, chemical, etc.; nomenclature.
S.V. Grinev-Grinevich already considers the classification of terms in more detail, highlighting such four aspects as the form and structural features of terms, their meanings, historical features and features of their use.
According to their origin, terms van be devided into native and borrowed. "Native terms are terms that have long existed or formed in a given language." In turn, taking into account the origin of the original terms can be distinguished: non-derivative (no change in form); derivatives (with the help of morphological and syntactic ways); composite (addition of bases); elliptical (omission of one of the words of the original phrase); abbreviations (truncation of words of initial phrases).
"Borrowed terms are those that are completely or separate aspects ... borrowed from other languages", which are divided into materially borrowed terms (borrowed form), terms-tracing paper (borrowed structure; for example, skyscraper-skyscraper) and with borrowed semantics (for example, a picture in the cinema under the influence of a similar change in the English word picture). In addition, there are hybrid terms, one part of which is borrowed, and the other-translated or native. This includes half-glasses (TV) and half-borrowings (assembler).
Taking into account the semantic structure of terms, S.V. Grinev-Grinevich distinguishes unambiguous (monosemic) and polysemous (polysemical), as well as motivated (partially and completely) and unmotivated. Speaking about the regional variety of terms, S.V. Grinev-Grinevich distinguishes internationalisms, national terms, regionalisms and local terms.
Classification based on various individual features of terms is also suggested by V.M. Leychik. by denotation: observation terms; theoretical terms; the object of nomination (the distribution of the languages for special purposes): the science; technology; production; economics, etc.; Hy category of the designated concept: object terms (mammals, Protocol); process terms (multiply, compression); terms of signs (redness); terms of quantities and their units (current, ampere).
Like S.V. Grinev-Grinevich, V.M. Leychik classifies terms by content and motivation. However, he also highlights such aspects as the scope of use of terms (universal, unique, conceptual-author), the frequency of their use (high -, medium-and low-frequency) and the historical aspect (terms-archaisms, terms-historisms, terms-neologisms).
Based on the number of individual lexical units included in the structure of the term, K.V. Filina suggests a structural classification, according to which all terms are divided into one-component and multi-component. "One-component, or monosyllabic, terms - terms with a one-component or one-word / monosyllabic structure, formed by derivation, word structure, truncation, contraction (telescoping), abbreviation, reversion". Examples include words like hacker, helicopter, spam, supersensitive, iPhone, Internet, etc. "Multicomponent or polysyllabic terms are terminological phrases consisting of two or more lexical units". Also, depending on the number of components, they are classified as two-component, three-component, four-component, etc. In most cases, terminological combinations in English contain two or three components that are formed according to different models.
The above-mentioned list of classifications of terms does not contain all the classifications that exist today. This allows us to conclude that the concept of "term" is so versatile that it can be included in a variety of classifications on a variety of principles.
Ways of term formation
The emergence of new scientific ideas, the development of new technology, the creation of new technological processes leads to the formation of new terms.
A.V. Parshin considered affixation, word structure, conversion, direct borrowings, abbreviations and a combination of two or more methods to be the most productive ways of term formation .
Affixation is the formation of new terms by adding Latin and Greek prefixes and suffixes to the root or base of a word. Among prefixes that are most actively involved in the process of term formation, the scientists distinguishes pre- (predesign), de- (descent), inter- (interchangeability), un- (unload), re- (reentry), trans- (transition), pro- (processing), ex- (expansion), dis- (disconnect), in- (inaccessible), sub- (subassembly), and others. Suffixes -er, -or, -ENT, denote the person, mechanism, or unit producing the action (rigger, combustor, absorbent); -ion, -ation, -ment, -ance, -ence, -ing, express some concepts (identification, procedure, inference); -ism, -ty, -ity, -ness, which denote abstract nouns formed from adjectives (formalism, safety, continuity); -able, -ible, -ive,-ent? -left definitions formed from verbs (reusable, convertible, interactive); -y, -IC, -al, -ical, -ous, ious, -less, -ar (grainy, systematic, stalless).
Under the term word structure A.V. Parshin understands the formation of new one-word terms from two or more words or their bases. Unification can occur without a connecting vowel, with a connecting vowel, and with a hyphen (for example, air + lock => airlock; stall + proof => stall-proof).
Conversion is the transition of an existing word or term from one part of speech to another without changing the spelling and pronunciation. The most productive in modern English is the
formation of verbs from nouns (a generator —► to generator). The reverse process is much less common {to lay out —* layout).
New terms in English can also be directly borrowed from other languages, mainly from Latin and Greek (for example, locus - the geometric place of points; versus-depending on, as a function of an argument).
There are many modern English terms that are formed by shortening words or phrases. All this is due to the fact that complex terms are too cumbersome and inconvenient in an era of rapid pace of people's lives. Like whole words, abbreviations can perform various syntactic functions and follow the morphological laws of English grammar.
There are alphabetic abbreviations (E — east, e-mail — electronic mail, Emf — electromagnetic force) and syllabic (intercom — intercommunication, chemurgy — chemistry metallurgy, Retma — Radio-Electronics-Television Manufacturers Association). Other abbreviations include shortened words (sub — submarine, chute — parachute, Ry — railway) and blending (motor + hotel —► motel; frog + smoker smog). An example of a combination of several ways of term formation: to know + how —*■ know-how, formed by word composition and conversion.
Y.S. Belov, I.V. Gredina and A.K. Kuptsova distinguish the following five ways of term formation: semantic method - changing the semantics of the word when entering into the term systems of individual areas (christmas tree-fountain fittings in the oil and gas industry); morphological method: suffixation, prefixation, compounding; syntactic method - the connection of several words into a single whole, stable combination (differential pressure-pressure drop); borrowings; abbreviation: shortening of the base of components (RoRo = roll-on, roll-off rolker transportation); internal truncation/ellipsis (pkge = package — packaging); complex-abbreviated words (ABC analysis = activity based costing analysis — analysis of the calculation of the cost of economic activity); symbol-words (OS&D = over, short and damaged — excessive, missing and damaged property).
Y.S. Belova and I.V. Gredina classify the terms into one-word (one-component) and multiword (multi-component). They argue that the following models are most characteristic of two-component terms: N + N (mass media, public relations, intelligence quotient); Adj + N (compact disk, crude oil, long loan); Part I + N (managed conditions, misrelatedpart); Gerund + N (boiling point, drilling engineer); Adj + Gerund (global learning, global marketing).
Three-component terms are formed according to productive patterns: N + N + N (market research tool, bar code reader); Adj + N + N (interplanetary space station); Adj + Adj + N (Present Continuous Tense, International Monetary Fund); N + Prep + N (bill of exchange, letter of attorney); Participle II + Adj + N (expanded simple sentence); Participant II + N + N (animated cartoon designer).
O.A. Dorzheeva and S.N. Gorelikova offer a different classification of methods of term formation: by changing the meaning of common literary words; borrowing terms from other branches of science and technology; affixation; multicomponent terms; foreign borrowing; with the help of proper names (Shiff reaction - Schiff reaction).
It should also be noted that both linguists formulate and distinguish another classification, which reveals another way of term formation - the terminologization of common vocabulary, which can be based on: similarity of external signs (tooth-tooth, prong; head-head; crane-crane); similarity of functions (wing-airplane wing, to doctor-troubleshoot); adjacency of concepts (metonymy: tara-packaging, weight; synecdoche: motor-motor and car); analogy of concepts (fatigue-metal fatigue, exhaust-exhaust, exhaustion).
T.V. Akulin, T.V. Aleynikova, E.G. Bezzateev divide term formation into three types. The first is a metaphor, which is understood as the transfer of the meaning of a word on the basis of similarity of features or functions of certain objects and phenomena. Metaphorization is based on: the similarity of the forms; the similarity of the functions, actions; similarity of sounds; similarity of impressions, complex associations under the influence of objects.
The second type is metonymy, i.e. the transfer of names from one subject to another on the basis of their adjacency, which is expressed in: relationship between form and content; relationship between an action and its result; relationship between the author and his work; the connection between the whole object and its part.
And the third type of terminologization is the narrowing of the meaning - "the process of reducing the volume of the studied concept, i.e. the number of named objects and phenomena". This is due to the fact that some words begin to be used in certain contexts, i.e. become semantically specialized. The narrowing arises when one of the meanings of the word or part of it is "cut off", leading to the concretization of the meaning.
Summing it up, it can be noted, that in the formation of terms, the same laws apply as in the formation of other lexical units, but, while some ways of word formation are more common, others fade into the background.
Analysis of microwave terms
To identify the most productive ways of term formation in the field of microwave technology in the English language, 170 terms from the specialized English dictionary Magic Tubes as well as from the internet site Microwave Journal were selected.
It is possible to offer the following classification of ways of formation of the considered
terms:
1. Affixation (55 units): a) suffix method - connector, damping, modulation (34 units); b) prefix method - ammeter, microphone, multiplier (10 units); c) prefix-suffix method -interrupter, attenuator, arrester (11 units);
2. Word structure - autostop, dictophone, electrometer (22 units);
3. Abbreviations (22 units): a) letters - NF,VSWR,SNR (20 units); b) alphanumeric - FiWi, XolP (2 units);
4. Terminology combinations — cophasedarrays, coupling frequency (60 units);
5. Terminologization of common words (11 units): a) metaphor (9 units); b) metonymy (2 units). Further detailed consideration of each of the methods will be suggested.
Affixation
After analyzing the terms, we can conclude that the most productive of affixal ways of word formation is suffixation (61.8%).
The most frequent suffix was the suffix -or/-er (17 units), which serves to indicate the person or mechanism that performs a certain action. For example, accumulator - from "accumulate". The suffix -ing (8 units) is less productive. An example is the term pulling, derived from the verb " to pull".
Next by the frequency is the suffix -ion (4 units). There are cases when this suffix has changed not only the pronunciation of the word, but also its spelling: adaptation, calibration. Also, other suffixes were observed in microwave term formation, the proportion of which is relatively lower than the previous ones (5 units). For example, -ance — clearance; -ity — permittivity; -ness — brightness.
The second most productive of all affixation ways is the prefixation-suffixation method, which is used to form 20% of the terms considered (for example, multi-vibrat-or, anti-reson-ance, auto-form-er).
As for the prefixation method, the most productive are such prefixes of Greek-Latin origin as under — (2 units) — undercurrent; multi — (3 units) — multielrectrode; micro — (1 unit) — microphone; super — (1 unit) — superheterodyne, as well as re — which renders the meaning of repetition (1 unit) — retrace; over — (1 units) - overcurrent.
We should also mention the prefix uni - (1 unit), which is the unity of something. An example of a term with this prefix could be the word: unipole.
Compounding
The most frequent compounding models of the microwave technologies terminology can be classified in this way: N + n - net + work —* network (11 units); Adj. + N - loud + speaker —*■loudspeaker (7 units); Prep. + N - out + door outdoor (4 units). It must also be noted that such terms can be written in different ways: using a hyphen (one + way —*■ one-way radio) or without a hyphen (fly + back flyback).
Reductions
After analyzing the terms, we can distinguish the following types of abbreviations: alphabetic - BSC (base station controller), ODF (optical distribution frame), SP (Signaling Point) -9.1%; alphanumeric-syllabic abbreviations are formed by combining the initial letters of some components of the term and part of the other or the whole word: FiWiBAN (Fiber-Wireless Broadband Access Network), XoIP(X over IP) -0.9%.
Special attention in the formation of microwave terms should be given to acronyms -abbreviations formed from the initial letters of words or phrases, but which are pronounced as a single word, not letter by letter, unlike other kinds of abbreviations. For example, LIFO (Last In, First Out), SWOT (Stenglths, Weaknesses, opportunities, Threats) WiMaX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access).
Terminology combinations
The study revealed that terminological combinations, or term combinations, are the most common type of microwave terms from a structural point of view, which accounts for about 35.3 % of the total number of analyzed units.
Depending on the number of components, term combinations can be divided into two -, three -, four - and five-component ones. The results of the study showed that the most common type of term combination is two-component combinations (49 units).
Among the studied terms, the following models of two-component terms can be distinguished, arranged in order of decreasing productivity: N + N - aerial tuning, air gap, amplification control (21 units); Adj. + N - acoustic power, amateur code, atmospheric noise (15 units); Part II + N - activated cathode, balanced network, bariated cathode (9 units); Gerund + N -absorbing load, althernating current, amplifying valve (4 units).
The main models typical of the analyzed three-component vehicles (7 units) are N+N+N (amateur radio communication) and A+N+N (actual broadcasting program).
In the course of the analysis, four - and five-component vehicles were also found, but their number is significantly lower than two-and three-component vehicles (4 units). For example, amateur television broadcast station, circular polarization of electromagnetic waves, etc.
Terminologization of common vocabulary
The number of terms formed using the words of common vocabulary accounted for 7 %. Metaphorized terms accounted for 5.9% of the total number of all lexical units. Examples of transferring a value based on external similarity are words: «band» (группа-диад^он), «.bar» (бар-шт^га), «choke» (душить-броссель), «compounds» (компоненты-компаунды), «cone» (конус-диффизор), based on similarity of functions - «dial» (циферблат-шкала радиоприемника), «doublet» (копия-диполь), «driver» - (водитель-возбудитель).
Metonymic processes account for a smaller share-about 1.2%. The analysis showed that the transfer of values occurs for such types as whole and part {«mount» - держатель крепления-ножка прибора), as well as the process and the tool of the process {«feeder» - питание-передающее устройство).
References
1. Akulina T.V, Aleinikova T.V, Bezzateeva E.G. and others. Methods of thermal formation in Russian: monograph. Omsk: IC "Omsk Scientific Bulletin," 2008. 170 p.
2. Asimov P.A, Desheriev J.D, Nikolsky L.B, et al. Modern social development, scientific and technical revolution and language. Issues of linguistics. 1975. №2. P. 3-11.
3. Alimuradov O.A., Latu M.N., Razduev A.V. Features of the structure and functioning of industry thermal systems Monosystems (using the thermal system of nanotechnology): Pyatigorsk: 2011. 112 p.
4. Bagana Zh., Taranova E.N. Thermal education in the language of science: Monograph. Moscow. INFRA-M, 2012. 144 p.
5. Vinokur G.O. On some phenomena of word formation in Russian technical terminology. Collection of articles on linguistics. T.5 M., 1939. 3-54 p.
6. S.V. Grinev Introduction to Term Studies. Moscow Lyceum, 1993. 309 p.
7. Grinev-Grinevich S.V. Terminology: a textbook for student. higher education. education. Moscow. Publishing Center "Academy," 2008. 304 p.
8. Leychik V.M. Terminology: Subject. Methods. Structure. Moscow. KomBook, 2006. 256 p.
9. Leychik V.M. Terminology: Subject, methods and structure. Ed. 5th, isp. And additional. M.: Book House "Librocom," 2012. 264 p.
10. Belova Yu.S., Gredina I.V. Leading proposals and problems of thermal formation in Russian//URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=24833586&.
11. Gorelikova S.N. The nature of the term and some features of thermal formation in Russian. Bulletin of Orenburg State University. 2002. URL: http://vestnik.osu.ru/2002_6/27.pdf.
12. Dorzheeva O.A. The concept of "term" and the meaning of thermal formation in Russian. Bulletin of East Siberian State University. 2009. /Federal Recording Agency. URL-aflpec:https://esstu.ru/document/download.htm?documentId=1739.
13. Mironova M.N., Epoeva L.V. Research of the term as the main application of the thermal system. URL.:https://ntk.kubstu.ru/file/923.
Литература
1. Акулина T.B., Алейникова T.B., Беззатеева Э.Г. и др. Способы терминообразования на русском языке: монография. Омск: ИЦ «Омский научный вестник», 2008. 170 с.
2. Азимов П.А., Дешериев Ю.Д., Никольский Л.Б. и др. Современное общественное развитие, научно-тетатескм революция и язык // Вопросы языкознания. 1975. №2. С.3-11.
3. Алимурадов О.А., Лату М.Н., Раздуев А.В. Особенности структуры и функционирования отраслевых терминосистем Моносистем (на использовании терминосистемы нанотехнологий): Пятигорск: 2011. 112 с.
4. Батана Ж., Таранова Е.Н. Терминообразование на языке науки: Монография. М.: Инфра-М, 2012.144 с.
5. Винокур Г.О. О некоторых явлениях словообразования в русской технической терминологии // Сборник статей по языковедению. Т.5 М., 1939. 3-54 с.
6. Гринев С.В. Введение в терминоведение. М.: Московский лицей, 1993. 309 с.
7. Гринев-Гриневич С.В. Терминоведение: учеб. пособие для студ. высш. учеб. образования. М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2008. 304 с.
8. Лейчик В.М. Терминоведение: Предмет. Методы. Структура. М.: КомКнига, 2006. 256 с.
9. Лейчик В.М. Терминоведение: Предмет, методы и структура. Изд. 5-е, испр. и доп. М.: Книжный дом «Либроком», 2012. 264 с.
10. Белова Ю.С., Гредина И.В. Ведущие предложения и проблемы терминообразования на русском языке II URL:https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=24833586&.
11. Гореликова С.Н. Природа термина и некоторые особенности терминообразования на русском языке. II Вестник Оренбургского государственного университета. 2002. URL-aflpec:http://vestnik.osu.ru/2002_6/27.pdf .
12. Доржеева О.А. Понятие «термин» и значение терминообразования на русском языке. // Вестник Восточно-Сибирского государственного университета. 2009. // Федеральное агентство по записи. URL^pec:https://esstu.ru/document/download.htm?documentId=1739.
13. Миронова М.Н., Эпоева Л.В. Исследование термина как основного применения терминосистемы // URL.:https://ntkkubstu.ru/file/923.
Статья поступила 21 августа 2022 г.
Информация об авторе
Михайлова Елена Николаевна - Техник ПАО «Интелтех». Тел.: +7(812)542-90-54.
E-mail: intelteh@inteltech.ru. Адрес: 197342, Россия, г. Санкт-Петерб^г, ул. Кантемировская,
д. 8.
Лингвистический анализ электротехнических терминов
Михайлова Е.Н.
Аннотация: Изменения, связанные с научно-техническим прогрессом, отражаются во всех сферах жизни, затрагивая такое фундаментальное явление, как язык. Словарный запас любого языка ежедневно пополняется новыми научными терминами, в связи с эти терминологические словари очень быстро теряют свою актуальность. Терминология особенно быстро развивалась в последние десятилетия в результате скорого развития науки и техники. Поэтому одной из важнейших проблем современного языкознания является изучение терминов и терминосистем. Актуальность данной работы обусловлена необходимостью анализа типов микроволновых терминов с целью их дальнейшей систематизации.
Ключевые слова: термин, электротехнические термины, терминообразование, абревиатура, аффиксация, соединение слов, этимология.
Information about Author
Elena Nikolaevna Mikhailova - Technician of PJSC «Inteltech». Tel. +7(812)542-90-54. E-mail: intelteh@inteltech.ru. Address: 197342, Russia, St. Petersburg, 8 Kantemirovskaya St.
For citation: Mikhailova E.N. Linguistic analysis of microwave terms. Means of communication equipment. 2022. No. 3 (159). Pp. 90-98. DOI: 10.24412/2782-2141-2022-3-90-98.
Для цитирования: Михайлова E.H. Лингвистический анализ электротехнических терминов // Техника средств связи. 2022. № 3 (159). С. 90-98. DOI: 10.24412/2782-2141-2022-3-90-98.
