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LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE NAMES OF CLOTHES IN ENGLISH Urunbayeva ГВ. Email: [email protected]
Urunbayeva Iroda Bakhramovna — Teacher, PRACTICAL PATTERNS OF LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT, UZBEK STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article discusses the lexical and semantic features of phraseological units with the names of clothes in the English language. Our study shows that English has a large number of stable expressions. They are used in English speech daily. The phraseological units used in this study are from a list ofphraseological units that contain clothing names that are beyond the scope of our work. It was mentioned below that in the modern world there is a need to study phraseological phrases containing the names of items of clothing for understanding English and enriching speech with stable phrases.
Keywords: phraseological units with the names of clothes, phraseological turns, phraseological units.
ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЕДИНИЦ С НАЗВАНИЯМИ ОДЕЖДЫ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ Урунбаева И.Б.
Урунбаева Ирода Бахрамовна — преподаватель, кафедра практических аспектов языка, Узбекистанский государственный университет мировых языков, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в данной статье рассматриваются лексико-семантические особенности фразеологизмов с названиями одежды в английском языке. Наше исследование показывает, что английский язык имеет большое количество устойчивых выражений. Они используются в английской речи ежедневно. Фразеологизмы, используемые в данном исследовании, взяты из списка фразеологизмов, содержащих названия одежды, которые выходят за рамки нашей работы. Ниже отмечено, что в современном мире существует необходимость изучения фразеологических оборотов, содержащих названия предметов одежды, для понимания английского языка и обогащения речи устойчивыми фразами.
Ключевые слова: фразеологизмы с названиями одежды, фразеологические обороты, фразеологические единицы.
UDC 4И (07) B 74
Phraseologisms with the names of clothes are an integral part of English phraseology. This includes objects that we encounter daily, and therefore it is with them that a large number of phraseological units arise. Many English phraseological phrases have their equivalents in Russian and Uzbek.
English phraseological units containing the names of items of clothing can be divided into:
1. Phraseologisms containing names of items of clothing
2. Phraseologisms containing names of items of shoes
Here we consider the first type of phraseological units containing the names of items of clothing since the purpose of our study is the features of phraseological units with the names of clothes.
In turn, phraseological units with the names of clothes can be divided into phraseological phrases containing names of items of clothing and phraseological units containing the names of parts of clothing [2, p. 150]. Garments
According to lexical-semantic features, the following groups of phraseological units can be identified in the nomination of clothes in the English language: - Phraseologisms containing the token "cap" or "bonnet": A feather in one's cap is a matter ofpride.
Example: Ford had heard that my mother was worrying about my education and wrote: 'Send him to me for a few years and I will teach him to write like Flaubert.' This offer was not considered seriously and I missed the opportunity of becoming a feather in Ford's cap. (D. Garnett)
This expression arose in connection with the custom of the Indians to wear as many feathers in a headdress as many enemies were killed.
A bee in one's bonnet - a quirk, obsession, mania.
Example: Diana's been talking about New York again, about going there to live. She can't be serious but you know how she is once she gets a bee in her bonnet. (G. Vidaf)
- Phraseologisms containing "a hat" a token:
(to take off) One's hat is off to smb. (or smth.) - Honor and glory to someone (or something).
Example: My hat is off to Mrs. King and Ebony magazine - two great awareness forces for our people. In a time when the media pays more attention to a beached whale than it does to the homeless. (Ebony)
This expression was created by C. Dickens [3, p. 157].
My hat (aunt or word)! - Those on! Blimey! Just think about it! Well! (an exclamation expressing surprise, annoyance, admiration, etc.).
Example: - Mr. B.: I suppose you think you never snore. - Mrs. B.: I know I don't. - Mr. B.: my hat! (J. Galsworthy)
- Phraseologisms containing a token "suit":
This expression is used in card games and has the meaning "go to suit."
In one's birthday suit - naked; in the buff; in costume of Adam.
Example: So one is forced to suppose that a respectable middle-aged Hebrew financier went mad between twelve and six a.m. and walked quietly out of the house in his birthday suit on a November night. (D. L Sayers) [1, p. 120].
- Other phraseological units not included in any group:
The cat's pajamas - what you need; first grade, you lick your fingers (an exclamation expressing delight or surprise).
Example: I love you, I think you are the cat's pajamas. (K. Vonnegut)
The Emperor has (or wears) no clothes - and the king is naked.
Example: The last story concerns a European couple and the way in which the wife, seeking to immerse herself in India, still retains her ability to see that the emperor (in the guise of mysticism or eastern eroticism) very likely wears no clothes at all. (The Scotsman)
This expression is taken from the tale of the Danish writer G.Kh. Andersen's "The New Dress of the King" (1837).
To get into one's stride - get comfortable with business; get in shape.
Example: I find that I am taking rather a long time about things at present, but no doubt, it will be better when I get into my stride.
A stuffed shirt - stiff man; stuffed shirt.
Example: I suppose I must have sounded a bit like a stuffed shirt. I do sometimes, I suppose. (M. Wilson)
To trail one's coat - to defiantly, get into a fight, be belligerent.
Example: He was an untiring lecturer, a jocular commentator, who trails his coat ... and - as if incidentally - the author of several plays. (F. Swinnerton)
To wear the pants (or trousers) - be the head of the family.
Example: I choose his clothes for him. Not that he does not wear the trousers in our house. He does what he wants.
Based on the sample, phraseological units with a token "pocket" are the most used. This suggests that, as part of clothing, the token "pocket" in phraseology becomes a symbol of property, an idea of the place where money is stored. Associated with it are expressions of loss of money or property, lack or, conversely, profit.
To have smb. (or smth.) in one's pocket - hold someone (or something) in their hands, force someone to unquestioningly fulfill their desires.
Example: You have no idea how important Bugsy is. He has the whole factory administration in his pocket. (A.J. Cronin)
The smallest percentage of phraseological units with a token "suit". This suggests that at the time when phraseological units were created containing, the token suit with the meaning "costume", this type of clothing was a luxury, and few were allowed to wear it. Therefore, people who used this word had a little idea about this garment and, as a result, a small associative series.
To follow suit - follow someone's example; do the same as anyone; imitate anyone. Example: Jill began to wail and Milly followed suit. (J. Lindsay) [5, p. 150] Based on the sample, phraseological units with a token pocket are the most used. This suggests that, as part of clothing, the token "pocket" in phraseology becomes a symbol of property, an idea of the place where money is stored. Associated with it are expressions of loss of money or property, lack or, conversely, profit.
This study showed that in English there are a large number of stable expressions that are used in English speech daily. The phraseological units used in this study are far from a complete list of phraseological units existing in the English language containing the names of items of clothing that goes beyond the scope of this work.
As already mentioned, in the modern world there is a need to study phraseological phrases containing the names of items of clothing for understanding English and enriching your speech with stable phrases. Even those expressions that were created by such great writers as Charles Dickens and Hans Christian Andersen back in the 1840s are still often used and play an important role in the phraseological structure of the English language.
References / Список литературы
1. Amosova N.N. Fundamentals of English phraseology. L., 1963. 208 p.
2. Vinogradov V.V. Selected Works. Lexicology and lexicography. M., 1977. 312 p.
3. Foal T. V. Dictionary of linguistic terms. Ed. 5th, Nazran, 2010. 486 p.
4. KuninA.V. Phraseology course of modern English. 2nd ed. Revised. M., 1996. 381 p.
5. SmirnitskyA.I. Lexicology of the English language. M.: Foreign literature, 1956. 260 p.
APPROACHES OF THE FORMATION OF GRAMMAR SKILLS IN METHODOLOGY Bahodirov U^. Email: [email protected]
Bahodirov Ulugbek Bahodirovich — Teacher, PRACTICAL PATTERNS OF LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT, UZBEK STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article discusses various methodological approaches in the process of forming grammar skills. Grammar skills can be organized using the following approaches highlighted by the methodology of teaching foreign languages at present as explicit, implicit and differentiated. The most important condition for creating an active grammatical skill is the presence of a sufficient amount of lexical material on which the skill can be formed. The grammatical action is performed only within certain vocabulary boundaries, on a certain vocabulary material. If a student can, in an appropriate situation, quickly and correctly independently formulate a phrase independently, then he already possesses a grammatical skill to some extent.
The article also analyzes the problem of skills that are still controversial and require further research in methodology and pedagogy as morphological, morphological-syntactic and syntactic. Keywords: methodical approaches, grammar skills, conscious activity, communicative methods.
ПОДХОДЫ В МЕТОДИКЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИХ
НАВЫКОВ Баходиров У.Б.
Баходиров УлугбекБаходирович — преподаватель, кафедра практических аспектов языка, Узбекский государственный университет мировых языков, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в данной статье рассматриваются различные методические подходы в процессе формирования грамматических навыков. Грамматические навыки могут формироваться при помощи следующих подходов, выделенных в методике преподавания иностранных языков в
