CC BY
0УДК 33 Rahmanberdiyev Sh., Serhenov M., Begjanov A.
Rahmanberdiyev Sh.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Serhenov M.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Begjanov A.
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
INVESTMENT BUSINESS OF THE ENTERPRISE, INVESTMENT BUSINESS AND GROUPING OF INVESTMENTS
Аннотация: article provides a brief overview of the investment business and investment grouping. It also discusses investments in non-financial assets (productive investments) and financial investments.
Ключевые слова: economics, management, business economics, investment business, productive investments, competitiveness.
Economic development is not possible without expanding the investment activity. In the process of investing, certain funds are spent to get the appropriate result (income) in the future. If they do not produce such results, the investment is wasted.
According to the Law "On Investment Business", funds, securities, other property, including property rights that are valued in money, are invested in business
and other business objects for the purpose of obtaining profit and (or) other beneficial results. stands
Investments are classified according to these defined criteria. The following types of investments are distinguished according to the established norms of "investment object": investments in non-financial assets (productive investments): -capital investments, - investments for major fund repairs, - investments in intangible assets, - investments to increase reserves of circulating funds, - investments in other non-financial assets (including the purchase of plots of land and natural resources, etc.),
Financial investments: - investments in securities of other enterprises, -investments in state and local bonds, - investments in capital assets of other enterprises, - loans given to other enterprises,
investments in human capital: - investments in the education of employees who work or may work in the enterprise, - investment in improving the skills of the company's employees, - investments in the social system of the enterprise, including investments in health care facilities, - investments to ensure technical safety and improve working conditions.
Financial investment plays a valuable role in a market economy because, unlike productive capital, financial capital is more mobile. Therefore, financial investments in stocks, bonds and other securities are the best means of transferring capital between the systems of the economy and promoting structural reforms in the economy.
The increasing impact of modern scientific and technical achievements on the development of the economy conditions the need to improve the quality of human capital. There is a need to invest heavily in human capital, that is, to ensure the education and training of employees and their continued professional development. Investments in this area are long-term in nature and generate returns over many years. The same can be said about investments in healthcare, which pay off in the long run.
According to the established rule of "investment stage", initial, daily and additional investments are distinguished. Initial investments - investments to create an enterprise or production compatible with it,
Fixed assets - ensure the operation of the enterprise by keeping fixed assets in working order through modernization or overhaul. Additional investments -investments in existing production aimed at expanding the company's capacity: improving production operations in order to reduce costs, to increase the nomenclature of the produced products and to change the production direction of the enterprise for their penetration into new markets and to diversify its production.
Investments are divided into groups depending on the stages of the production and installation process of the enterprise (organization) to which the investments are directed. The following stages are shown for the production company: - material and technical supply, that is, supply of materials, semi-finished products, equipment, vehicles, - production, - place.
An investment object is understood as an object of business activity in respect of which investments are made. An investment object is only in the process of carrying out investment activities. For an investor, it is of interest to the extent that it can satisfy the investor's objectives. Therefore, the object has an intermediate value for the investor - it is sold or disposed of at the moment when it ceases to satisfy these objectives.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Law of Turkmenistan "On State Support of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs". - Ashgabat, 2009;
2. Law of Turkmenistan "On Enterprises". - Ashgabat, 2000
