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16Основной проблемой искусства становится человек и эпоха. Кроме того, учащиеся повторяют изученные теоретические понятия, углубляя и обогащая знания о них на новом, более сложном уровне, что в итоге способствует более полному осмыслению закономерностей развития литературы, её общественной роли и значимости, а так же роли индивидуального творчества писателя в ней.
Таким образом, изучение понятий «автор» и «герой» на уроках литературы происходит последовательно, начиная от введения этих понятий, получения учащимися первых сведений и накопления элементарных представлений о них, до раскрытия полного смысла понятия, в ходе планомерного развития, углубления и усложнения работы над ним.
Работая над характеристикой и раскрытием литературного героя во всей полноте изображаемого образа, сравнивая его с другими персонажами и подкрепляя свои доводы примерами из текста произведения, у школьников складывается понимание того, что за литературным героем стоит автор и что существует разные формы выражения его отношения к героям и изображаемому. Кроме того, учащиеся узнают о различных типах героев, в зависимости от жанрово-родовой принадлежности произведения. Рассмотрение вопроса об автобиографичности творчества, изучение понятия «прототип» способствует пониманию школьниками вопроса о соотношении реальности и вымысла, усвоению ошибочности отождествления художественных персонажей и реальных людей.
Список литературы
1. Беленький Г.И. Теория литературы в школе // Современные проблемы методики преподавания литературы / Отв. ред. Я. А. Роткович. Куйбышев, 1974. С. 46-47.
2. ГолубковВ.В. Методика преподавания литературы. М., 1962. С. 202-203.
3. Дановский А.В. Системно-функциональное формирование теоретико-литературных понятий в средних учебных заведениях. М., 1988.
4. Коровина В.Я. Литература: 9 кл. Учеб. для общеобразоват. учр. М.: Просвещение, 2008. 383 с.
5. Коровина В.Я., Журавлев В.П., Коровин В.И., Беляева Н.В. Литература. Рабочие программы. Предметная линия учебников под редакцией В. Я. Коровиной 5-9 классы. М.: Просвещение, 2014. 351.
INTERDEPENDENCE OF BODY CONSTRUCTION AND PHYSICAL COMPLEXION ON THE RESULTS OF ROWING
Ibodullaeva D.
Ibodullaeva Dilorom - Student, FACULTY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT, GULISTAN STATE UNIVERSITY, GULISTAN CITY, UZBEKISTAN,
Abstract: this article reveals some problems on anthropology of people engaged in rowing and shows how body construction and physical complexion are important for those who are indending to do rowing as professionals.
Keywords: rowing, indicator, anthropology, body construction, technique.
UDC 797
Rowing as a way of movement on water spaces is known to people since the most ancient times. Boats - one of the first inventions of mankind, ahead of the invention of the wheel. Academic rowing on special rowing boats began to be cultivated in England in the
early 18th century. Since ancient times rowing was a popular entertainment and sport type. The founder of rowing in Russia is the river yacht club of St. Petersburg, which began to hold competitions on kayaks, boats, folk courts and acquired academic vessels. In recent years rowing is an important part of any water sports in Uzbekistan. According to data given in the article of N.V. Danilova and A.P. Kalabasheva, rowing is the only kind of sport which is equally popular among males and females. [1, p. 68] Rowing is a special kind of motor activity that takes place simultaneously in two environments - air and water, in natural waters and in variable weather conditions, which makes it a means of healing, hardening, increasing strength and endurance, as well as a means of active discharge. Overcoming the resistance of the air and water environment and performing cyclically repeated muscle tension, the rower increases his strength and strength endurance, develops respiratory muscles, stimulates increased blood flow in the capillaries and improves tissue respiration. As D.A. Kasimova mentioned, «Достижение высоких спортивных результатов в современных условиях неизбежно связано с выполнениями спортсменами высоких по объему и интенсивности физических нагрузок» [2, p. 99]. And these physical tensions requires a certain physical strength. The vital capacity of the lungs in trained athletes-rowers reaches 7-8 liters, which is twice more comparing to that of ordinary people of the same age. Rowers are characterized by higher rates of heart volume and its performance as a pump: per minute the heart pumps up to 35-40 liters of blood in a tense competitive activity. Due to the effect on all mechanisms of oxygen supply of the body, rowing is a universal type of aerobics with a pronounced hardening effect. Rhythmic movements and breathing, exposure to solar radiation and aerosols of the water-air environment stimulate reflex thermoregulatory mechanisms, mobilize immune processes, increase stress resistance of the body. Moreover, there is a dependence between motion activity and physiologic metrics of a person: according to the investigation results of L. Ryutina and E. Abakumova - from 47 to 65% [3, p. 90]. Depending on the type of rowing vessel (boat, kayak, canoe, academic vessel) the rowing technique and the distribution of muscular efforts are changed in accordance with the laws of hydrodynamics, a specific dynamic balance is formed, specific types of aerobic and anaerobic endurance are developed - speed and power. Rowing develops a specific coordination, which is based on special types of deep muscle sensitivity: "feeling" of water, boats, paddle stop in the water, pace, rhythm, movement distance. They allow you to quickly rebuild the movement in the event of knocking down external factors-waves, wind, currents, obstacles, as well as in the conditions of solving tactical competitive problems. Special requirements for individual style technique and coordination abilities present the types of rowing in pairs of twos and academic eights, requiring exceptional consistency of rhythm and tempo all elements of technology of each of the athletes. Long-term similar loads develop resistance of nervous system to monotony and feelings of fatigue, form strong-willed mechanisms of self-mobilization, self-order, self-control. They help to increase emotional stability and balance. To train the mechanisms of concentration and coordination rowers use ideomotor training-mental modeling of motion techniques. The optimum mode for stimulation of aerobic mechanisms - continuous rowing for 30-45 minutes in a comfortable pace that lets you freely and rhythmically breathing to the beat of hoe-type motions. At such a load, the pulse should be in the range from 50 to 60% of the individual maximum (110-130 beats/min.).
In conclusion, the impact indicators build on the technique. This is due to the less advanced technique and greater dependence of athletes on body indicators, are more dependent on the level of acceleration. Such indicators as total body size, proportions, somatotype, significantly affect physical performance, sports activities, the choice of sports specialization and have a high hereditary conditionality, which, along with psychological, physiological, biochemical factors make it possible to determine the prospects of athletes.
References
1. Danilova N. V., Kalabasheva A.P. Fizicheskoe vospitanie devochek // Dostizheniya nauki i obrazovaniya, 2018. №7 (29). Tom 1. S. 67-70.
2. Kasimova D.A. Osobennosti metodiki trenirovochnogo massazha v otdel'nyh vidah sporta. // European Research, 2017. №1 (24). S. 99-100.
3. Ryutina L.N., Abakumova E.V. Fizicheskaya kul'tura, formiruyushchaya adekvatnuyu samoocenku u studentov. // European Research, 2016. № 6 (17). S. 90-92.
