CC BY
11Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences 9 (2011 4) 1269-1276
УДК 316.35
Innovative Educational Technologies
are the Main Principle in Training Competitive
Specialists at Physical Education
and Sports Department
of Siberian Federal University
Alexandr D. Kakukhin*
Siberian Federal University 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Russia 1
Received 2.09.2011, received in revised form 9.09.2011, accepted 16.09.2011
Due to joining the Bologna process, the modernization of higher physical education is developing more and more dynamically. For this reason the issues of advanced education and implementing innovative educational technologies that wouldfacilitate training competitive specialists in the field of physical education, sports and tourism become extremely topical.
The main objective of implementation of the innovative educational technologies is high quality education which would conform to the standards suggested by ENOA.
The main criteria of education quality are the demand for the graduates and the innovative rationalizing activities performed by them.
Keywords: higher physical education, bachelors' programme, masters' programme, innovations, professional and qualification characteristics.
Point
Due to the fact that Russia is in a planetary competitive space, she is forced to solve the problem of competitiveness of enterprises and training of competitive specialists.
In the present situation, preparing and skills development are the priorities in the life of the country. It follows a special role of education in Russian society.
The problem of competitive specialists responsible for transformation education the most important sphere of human activity. At the same time process control suggests the use parameters
* Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected]
1 © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserved
and criteria on which to ensure effectiveness and efficiency of educational processes.
However, questions of parameters and forms the state of preparation of future professionals, yet remain outside of attention of the subjects of management preparing of competitive specialists. Respectively monitoring the effectiveness of the educational process can not be qualitative.
Competitiveness and, consequently, a new qualitative state specialist can be considered as strategic values, which, along with a focus on self-reliance and entrepreneurial spirit help to overcome the psychological barrier of
the individual, depression, pessimism, and uncertainty of life perspective, and to streamline the whole system of life in modern terms, and, ultimately, to leave socium the impasse.
Solution of the problem the quality of competitive specialist creates the basis for high quality professional selection as the initial starting stage, allowing to set the tone of the subsequent course of training that allows users to define the role of professional competence in qualitative characteristics of competitiveness; use directed criteria in shaping the personal and professional qualities of a specialist.
Higher School of Russia is guided in its development into two major integral criteria: 1) the amount of time it takes graduates to adapt to the workplace in accordance with his specialty, and 2) the number of "related" (neighboring) disciplines in which the graduate can work without significant time and effort in their development. However, these indicators and criteria can be used only after specialist will begin work at the plant. From this perspective, it becomes problematic to use concepts such as "assessment of the quality of specialist training", "professional competence" and "competitiveness specialist," "ability to provide intellectual and physical form of its competitiveness."
The modern job market generates a new social order for specialists with higher education. It must be highly skilled, professional with innovative thinking, able to adapt to a market environment that has high potential to adjust to a changing professional environment, able to provide intellectual and physical form that is adequate for their competitiveness.
Modernization of education - one of the main directions of the educational reforms taking place in the world, and Russia. Priorities of education today are: to provide basic education for all and to expand opportunities of lifelong learning. The idea of lifelong learning was raised even
the French Enlightenment, which demanded that enable every person to receive and to continue their education throughout their lives. This same idea was widely developed by Czech philosopher, humanist, teacher, Jan Kamensky, believes that education of people should never stop.
Analysis of the concept of lifelong education in the West European and American society can identify three stages of development:
• first stage - compensatory education, that is liquidating disadvantages of adult education related to aging or previously acquired knowledge or shortcomings in the work of the education systems. The development of a number of provisions of this idea occurred since the late 50's and up-nachala60 years;
• in the second stage of the attention focused on the issue of training.
Strongly developed on the organization of various forms of training. This led to what has been formulated the idea of continuing education in order to obtain the skills needed to work in various industries;
• approximately 70 years in the foreign literature, continuing education is considered as an integral, that is, giving the person an opportunity to adjust to life in modern society. The basis of this concept is the idea of the unity of human and professional education.
This differentiation is rather conditional, since the provisions specific to the preceding phases are included in the new modification. However, the periodization gives an overview of major trends in the development of the concept of lifelong education.
Introduction to State Educational Standards (SES) will significantly expand the network of schools, led to the possibility of convergence and leveling production expertise, which was made possible by extending the methods of teaching,
greater integration of education at secondary and higher vocational schools.
Modern labor market, especially the Siberian region, has a high saturation of specialists in higher education. This provision for the following reasons:
1) Most of the graduates of universities and secondary specialized schools do not meet the requirements of contemporary practice;
2) preparing as much expertise that they can not be employed at all in the mind lack of jobs.
As can be seen, in any case the graduate to be employed, should be competitive: being in the number of unemployed, he must re-qualify or reduce the level of their professional and social pretensions. At his disposal is another option for action: improve the existing literacy training to the level of competitiveness in the sector of labor and thus solve the problem of their employment.
Implementation of both the first and second versions of life specialist, sooner or later require professionalism or retraining. In all countries, to assume that professional development does not stop with graduation and should be continued almost constantly and universally implemented as an ongoing process, interwoven into the life of a society as well as the individual.
Based on these provisions of the conceptual level, we can say that the education system should be integrated into the life of a society and individuals. The system of integrated education can be considered as the relationship differently tier professional schools, solving the problem of quality on each of them. All of them both together and differentiated activities can be assessed by one of quality and competitive graduates.
There is no doubt that if at some basic level or graduate to "receive" non-competitive, then at the second level he will have to overcome the lag, or it is potentially uncompetitive. This situation must be fully aware of how students and teaching
staff, leading the formation of a specialist. It is quite pertinent set of questions:
Can we all let out from school "to do" competitive? Can all be competitive? Do all want to be competitive? What is the state of society to predict, depending on the level of competitiveness of its constituent individuals? and a number of other issues.
By putting these questions, we proceed from the realities caused by the action of Formative of the law of competition. At the same time note that the issue of competitiveness is a secondary phenomenon, caused by the action of the law of competition. Addressing competitiveness concerns all spheres of life. The education system as a whole and its constituent components are in the competitive space, under the influence of competition law. Education as a special one social institution designed to provide training of competitive specialists, allowing Russia to be competitive in the global economic and sociopolitical space.
The problem of integrated process does not simplify the content of education, and assumes the achievement of common goals at every level of their compliance to the level of competitiveness of university graduates.
Undoubtedly, the implementation of state educational standards is inseparable from the formation of skills of university professionals to better utilize the potential of individual companies and the country as a whole. An important component of their acts humanization of education, which is understood by us as primarily a fuller use of the potential of individuals in the company's interests, countries and personality.
Therefore, the integrated form of education can be presented as one of the student-oriented learning technologies, ensures the competitiveness of a specialist.
One of the first universities in Russia, attempted to create an integrated system of
Faculty of Physical Culture and Sports of the Siberian Federal University.
Example
Due to joining the Bologna process, the modernization of higher physical education is developing more and more dynamically. For this reason the issues of advanced education and implementing innovative educational technologies that would facilitate training competitive specialists in the field of physical education, sports and tourism become extremely topical.
Physical Education and Sports Department was opened with the order issued by the Russian Federation Higher Education Committee No.632 dated 09.04.1996 "On licensing speciality 022300 "Physical Education and Sports".
At the present moment the Department provides full-time and extra-mural educational programmes for the following specialities:
032101.65 Physical Education and Sports
032103.65 Recreation and Health Tourism for 032100 "Physical Education" speciality, Bachelors' and Masters' programmes.
For the speciality 13.00.03. "Theory and Methods of Physical Education; Recreative and Adaptive Physical Education" post-graduate course has been opened. Besides that, speciality 050104.65 "Health and Safety" speciality with additional profile "Physical Education and Sports" has been opened.
The main objective of implementation of the innovative educational technologies is high quality education which would conform to the standards suggested by ENOA.
The main criteria of education quality are the demand for the graduates and the innovative rationalizing activities performed by them.
Implementation of the innovative educational technologies in training a specialist in physical education, sports and tourism is expected to solve the following tasks:
- implementation a new approach to specialist training at the Department;
- creation and implementation of new media materials performed by students, post-graduates and professors of the Department;
- creation of an automatic information system for managing educational, methodological and research activities at the Department;
- creation of new laboratory research works and their implementation into the educational and scientific-research processes of the Department in order to assess the psychophysical condition of the students, masters' programme students and sportsmen;
- implementation a distance-learning sports programme for masters and members of national teams of the country;
- modernization of the classroom reserve, equipping the laboratories with the necessary machinery for carrying out classes, scientific researches performed by the students, masters, post-graduates and employees of the Department;
- working out new educational programmes for bachelors and masters;
- implementation modular based learning in accordance with European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) into the existing educational programmes.
Centre of Additional Professional Education of the Department carries out training and retraining of specialists of different physical education profiles for New educational systems that meet the educational establishment requirements.
Educational system in general and physical education in particular experiences the same problems which are typical for other spheres of our society's life. For example, training a
specialist in the sphere of physical education does not conform to the modern reality, which means, it lacks an innovative and rationalized component to train a specialist that could effectively work in the framework of the modern situation. The global changes which have occurred in the world sports during these years have not influenced the physical education system yet. The role which should be played by physical education, sports and tourism in strengthening the health of the society, healthy lifestyle propaganda, preventing different diseases, organizing people's free time, prolonging life and physical activity of the population has been underestimated. The specialists of this profile turned out not to be ready for this.
Training a specialist who would meet the today's requirements should be done according to the requirements of the society, in cooperation with higher education establishments and municipal physical culture organizations of the district, town, region. Physical education, sports and tourism specialist should be trained according to these requirements. New innovative educational programmes should be projected and implemented in cooperation with the Ministry of Sports, Tourism and Youth Politics of the region, and only then it will be meeting the necessary requirements and criteria. Such a specialist will be ready to work with different age categories of teenagers taking into consideration such aspects as age pedagogy, psychology and philosophy. These key aspects, when taken into consideration in training competitive specialists, can provide the system's reflecting all the vital processes going on in mass physical culture and sports. This system should always be functioning in advance. To do it, teacher's work should be well stimulated, its quality should be increased, all the existing training and retraining systems should be dramatically changed for improvement, generally speaking,
the contents of the education should be modified. In respect with the new requirements of new state standards it is required to consider forming new way of thinking and new attitude of the students towards their professional training.
For the specialist's work efficiency control it is required "Professional and qualification characteristics for specialists in physical culture and sports" that would define and form training process at the higher university establishment. Professional and qualification characteristics should conform to the requirements to the teacher of physical education, coach of different kinds of sports, specialists and masters.
Qualified assistance in training the specialist should be provided by a complex discipline called "Introduction into the profession and basics of student's personal work", that would not only form the students' idea about their future profession and methods of independent work, but also research, document work, special literature search skills. The experience of carrying out externship at secondary schools, children and youth sports schools, district, town and regional sports organizations lets us conclude that students start realizing the idea of their future profession only after graduation. For the students to go through their externship in a proper way, the most experienced professors should be involved in it and the most qualified workers of the sports organizations should be supervising them.
For training a specialist in physical education, sports and tourism great assistance is provided by properly performed term papers and qualification research works, done after the supervision of highly qualified specialists, and the state graduation exam that includes three geral blocks of disciplines. This exam is a great opportunity to see how much the future specialist has learnt the materials taught to him and what his performance is like.
For many years university research and educational IT has not been oriented for development of fundamental knowledge and training specialists who would conform to the modern requirements. It was especially evident during the national teams' performance at the Olympic Games and other large-scale international competitions, when our practice specialists on different kinds of sports turned out not to be competitive in comparison with the foreign ones, which are often hired for working with the national teams. The position which our sportsmen used to take in 80-s and 90-s were lost; it means that the system of training leading specialists in physical education, tourism and sports was dispersed.
Resume
1. For training innovative specialist it requires developing new national standards, improved specializations, retrained teachers that would provide the education in the field on physical culture, sports and tourism.
2. That is why it is vital to implement innovative educational technologies that would conform to the modern requirements as fast as possible.
3. Material and technical resources and good quality sports equipment are one of the main factors of training good specialist; all these items should meet the world standards. It became evident during the last year at the winter sports competitions.
References
"On the Modernization of Russian Education for the Period Previous to the Year 2010", The Bulletin of the Russian Ministry of Education, 2002.№2 (in Russian)
Federal Law "On the approval of the Federal education programme", M. 2001 (in Russian) L.I. Lubysheva, V.K. Balsevik, The values of physical culture in healthy lifestyle. The materials of international conference "Modern researches in the sphere of sports sciences", S-Pb.: Saint-Petersburg Physical Culture Research Institute Press, 1994 (in Russian)
G.B. Gorskaya, Psychological aspect of long-term sportsmen training in Krasnodar city, Krasnodar State Institute of Physical Culture, 1995 (in Russian)
V.N. Platonov, General theory of sportsmen training routine in Olympic sports, Kiev: Olympic literature, 1997 (in Russian)
T.G. Kovalenko, Human health model in physical training, Volgograd, 2005 (in Russian) V.I. Baidenko, Standards for continuing education: Conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues: A monograph. - M.: Research Center for Problems of quality training, 1999.
V.K. Balsevich, "Key provisions of the concept of intensive innovative transformation of the national system of physical culture and sports education of children, adolescents and youth in Russia", Theory and Practice of Physical Culture. 2002. № 3.
V.K. Balsevich, G.I. Popov, N.I. Sannikov, "Continuous physical education", Theory and Practice of Physical Culture. 2004. № 12.
A.G. Drums, "The supreme sports education", Problems and solutions, M.: VON, 1995. V.A. Bordovsky, Methods of educational research of innovation processes in schools and universities, Training Manual. - St.: Univ. RSPU. A.I. Herzen, 2001.
G.A. Bordovsky, Our priorities at the turn of epochs: to improve the quality of work, creativity and education of the individual, in Principles of life safety. 1999.
I.I. Borisov, Trends in Higher Education in the XXI century, Bulletin of Voronezh State University. 2000. № 1.
U. Voynar, Athletic training staff. Traditions, realities and prospects: Monograph. - St.: RSPU. A.I. Herzen, 2000. -228p.
T.A. Voronina, O. Molchanov, A. Abrameshkin, "Managing Innovation in Education", Higher Education in Russia. 2001. № 6. P. 3-12.
Higher and secondary vocational education in the Russian Federation: Statistical Yearbook, Ed. A.N. Tikhonov. M., 1996.
A.V. Nut, "Innovative interpretation of physical culture and sports: from problems to solutions", Theory and Practice of Physical Culture. 2000. № 3.
B.S. Gershunsky, "Strategic Priorities for Development of Education in Russia", Education. 1996. № 5.
E.J. Dneprov, "Modernization of Russian education - the imperative of educational policy", in
Modernization of Russian Education: Documents and Materials, ed. by E.J. Dneprov. - M.: Higher School of Economics, 2002.
N.N. Zvolinsky, V.I. Maslov, "Professional development in the context of the idea of continuous physical education: methodological aspects, trends, practical implementation", Theory and practice of physical Culture. 2001. № 12.
I.A. Winter, "Key competencies - the result of a new paradigm of education", Higher education today. 2003. № 5.
V.M. Abbots, I.D. Svishchev, "Integration of theory and practice in educational programs for professional retraining of specialists in physical culture and sport": M.: RGAFK, 1998.
Innovative educational technology sportizirovannogo physical education students in secondary school, ed. by L.N. Progonyuk, Surgut: Hyphen, 2001.
Innovative learning and science, ed. V.Y. Lyaudis. - M.: Ross. Acad. INION Sciences, 1992.
A.F. Kiselev, "Modernisation of Higher Education and key aspects of the effectiveness of training", Higher education today. 2003 . № 2.
M.V. Clarin, Innovation in the global pedagogy. - Riga: Experiment, 1995.
M.V. Clarin, Educational technology in the learning process (analysis of foreign experience). -M., 1989.
I.V. Koval, Sociology of the emerging competitive specialist in the engineering college (for example KrasGASA). Krasnoyarsk, SFU, 2007.
I.V. Koval, Innovation and the formation of competitive engineering professionals (for example KrasGASA). Krasnoyarsk, KrasGASA, 2006.
I.V. Koval, N. Novikov, Sociology formation of innovative potential competitive specialist in the engineering college (for example, IAS SFU). Krasnoyarsk, SFU, 2007.
The concept of scientific, technological and innovation policies in the education system of the Russian Federation for 2001 - 2005 years. - M., 2000. - P.16.
The concept of physical culture and sports in the Russian Federation until 2005, in Normative and legal support for the sphere ofphysical culture and sports: the implementation of the reform strategy of the industry at the turn of the century, M.: Soviet Sport, 2002.
A.V. Korzhuyev, VA Popkov, Tradition and Innovation in Higher Vocational Education. - M.: MGU, 2003.
A. Kochnev, M. Akhmadullin, I. Averko-Antonovich, L.A. Ryazapova, F.A. Abdul-Kashapova, A. Razin, "Innovative educational activities", Higher education in Russia. 2004. № 8.
L.M. Kulikova, Modernization content and organization of continuous teaching practice in college sports: Monograph, M.: Publishing house "Theory and Practice of Physical Culture", 2004.
V.S. Lazarev, B.P. Martirosyan, "Educational Innovation: object, subject and key concepts" Pedagogy. 2004. № 4.
L.I. Lubysheva, V.A. Magin, innovative technology in professional sports tional preparation of the teacher. - M.: Publishing house "Theory and Practice of Physical Culture", 2005.
"Scientific justification of innovative reforms in the sphere of physical culture and sport: a round table of the journal "Theory and Practice of Physical Culture", Theory and Practice of Physical Culture. 2000. № 12.
V.N. Seluyanov, "Methodology for designing innovative pedagogical techniques of physical education", Vestnik schools of physical culture. 2005. № 1 (3).
V.A. Slastenin, L.S. Podymova, Pedagogy of innovation. - M.: Master, 1997.
Инновационные образовательные технологии -главный принцип в подготовке конкурентоспособных специалистов на Факультете физической культуры и спорта Сибирского федерального университета
А.Д. Какухин
Сибирский федеральный университет Россия 660041, Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79
Модернизация системы высшего физкультурного образования в связи с вступлением в Болонский процесс в последние годы проходит динамично. Поэтому всё более актуальными становятся вопросы опережающего обучения и внедрения инновационных образовательных технологий, которые позволяют готовить конкурентоспособного специалиста в области физической культуры, спорта и туризма.
Основной целью реализации инновационных образовательных технологий является качественное образование в соответствии со стандартами, разработанными Европейской сетью (ассоциацией) гарантий качества в сфере высшего образования (ENOA) Критерием качества образования является востребованность специалистов, их инновационная рационализаторская деятельность.
Ключевые слова: высшее физкультурное образование, бакалавриат, магистратура, инновации, профессионально-квалификационные характеристики.
