CC BY
10Бюллетень науки и практики /Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 8. №4. 2022
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77
UDC 338.2 https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77/50
JEL classification: D24; F20; G18
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ROLE IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
©Fayzullaev J., Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ И РОЛЬ В НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ
©Файзуллаев Д., Ташкентский архитектурно-строительный институт, г. Ташкент, Узбекистан
Abstract. The article analyzes the views of researchers, as well as the state of the construction materials industry. The most important industry in terms of forming and stimulating its development, creating conditions for the sustainable development of related industries, and providing infrastructure support is the production of building materials. At the same time, the success of projects in the field of housing and infrastructure development in the Republic depends on the development of the construction materials industry. The main drivers of construction growth in the future may be road and housing construction programs financed from budgets of various levels, as well as the projected growth of construction volumes in the commercial real estate segments.
Аннотация. Анализируются взгляды ряда исследователей, а также состояние отрасли строительных материалов. Важнейшей отраслью с точки зрения формирования и стимулирования ее развития, создания условий для устойчивого развития смежных отраслей, обеспечения инфраструктурной поддержки является производство строительных материалов. При этом успех проектов в сфере жилищного строительства и развития инфраструктуры в республике зависит от развития промышленности строительных материалов. Основными драйверами роста строительства в перспективе могут стать программы дорожного и жилищного строительства, финансируемые из бюджетов различных уровней, а также прогнозируемый рост объемов строительства в сегментах коммерческой недвижимости.
Keywords: construction industry, production of building materials, construction materials industry, marketing.
Ключевые слова: строительная индустрия, производство строительных материалов, промышленность строительных материалов, маркетинг.
Review of recent research and publications development of the construction industry is defined in the works of such authors The issues of organizational support for the development of the construction materials industry were dealt with by [1-14].
Construction plays a special role in the development of the republic's economy and improving the welfare of society. Construction as a locomotive that pulls the entire economy is one of the most dynamically developing branches of the national economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Currently, the Government of the Republic pays special attention to the development of structural transformations and diversification of production in the construction materials industry [1].
Making up a significant share in the gross domestic product of 8-10%, construction has a significant impact on the further development of strategically important sectors of the economy [2]. Also, such industries as energy, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, chemical industry, railway and
Бюллетень науки и практики /Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 8. №4. 2022
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77
road transportation use the services of this industry. In the volume of construction and installation works, a significant part is made up of construction materials (55-70%). The construction materials industry is the basic branch of the construction complex of the Republic of Uzbekistan. For the production of the main types of building materials-cement, lime, gypsum, marble and granite slabs, wall materials, etc., the republic is provided with its own raw materials, enterprises have sufficient capacities [3]. The share of construction materials in the total volume of industry is about 6% and 1.5% of the country's GDP. The main purpose of the building materials industry is to: saturation of the construction market with domestic construction materials; participation in the development of state programs for localization, modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of construction materials industry enterprises, investment and territorial programs of the republic, quality management systems, etc., monitoring the implementation of these programs; marketing of building materials (export, import, study of demand for building materials in the territorial context); implementation of a unified technical policy in the modernization of existing and creation of new production facilities, assisting in the introduction of modern, efficient, energy-saving technologies and equipment into production, conducting equipment marketing; work on attracting foreign investment and loans for the implementation of projects, creating joint ventures and foreign enterprises.
Over 30 years of independence, the construction materials industry has developed an additional 70 types of modern, highly liquid, energy-efficient, export-oriented building materials, including those with high added value [4].
Special attention is paid to the organization of production of import-substituting products, regular work is carried out to study the market needs for building materials, monitoring and analysis of the import of building materials. Over the years of independence, under the program of localization of production of finished products, enterprises of the industry have mastered the production of more than 50 types of import-substituting products: fireclay and dinas refractory products, ceramic tiles, chipboard, welding electrodes, ceramic tile, PVC profiles, pipes and fittings made of PVC, plastic panel PVC, aluminum-plastic composite panel, gypsum Board, plasterboard, dry mixes, linoleum, tile, sanitary ware, laminate flooring and floor coverings, roofing materials (polyizol, bikrom), cutting discs, Wallpapers and others [5].
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to the organization of production of import-substituting products, regular work is carried out to study the market needs for building materials, monitoring and analysis of imports of building materials. Imported construction materials can be divided into three groups: general construction materials produced in the republic; building materials with cellulose content-MDF, plywood, sawn wood, chipboard; metal products - flat rolled products, profiles, wire, wire rod, pipes, bends, and fittings.
In 2020, construction materials were imported to the republic in the amount of 2,532. 7 million US dollars, the growth rate was 70.3% [6]. The nomenclature of exported construction materials is increasing annually. For example, in 1991-2000 the nomenclature consisted of 9 types of products, in 2019 the nomenclature reached 48 types of products. The geography of export of products is expanding, the number of new sales markets developed in 1991-2019 increased from 7 to 19 countries. It is planned to expand the geography of exports to such countries as Poland, Belarus, etc. [7].
One of the strategic directions of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan is to increase the energy efficiency of industry [8]. In this regard, the Government of Uzbekistan announced an increase in energy efficiency and the introduction of energy-saving measures in key sectors of the economy. Today, they implement practical aspects of energy saving and energy efficiency of
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 8. №4. 2022
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77
industrial enterprises. In recent years, enterprises of the construction materials industry have been working annually to save fuel and energy resources [9].
The main consumer of fuel and energy resources in the construction materials industry is cement production, accounting for more than 95%. Currently, cement production in the republic is carried out in two ways: "wet" and "dry" [10]. It should be noted that if in 1995 the republic produced 3.3 million tons of cement, the share of the "dry" method, which is a modern and less energy-intensive production accounted for only 38%, then in 2019 cement production reached 9.8 million tons, and the share of the dry production method was 60%. Since 2015, according to the program of the International Development Association (IDA) Improving the Energy Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises "(UZEEF), with the support of the World Bank, the implementation of projects has been launched aimed at helping to improve the energy efficiency of the industrial sector, aimed at reducing energy and fuel consumption, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions [11].
For the first time in world practice, the use of igneous volcanic rock - tufoaleurolites-as a mineralizer and aluminum-acid component of a low-melting raw material mixture of Portland cement clinker was proposed. The use of this component led to the following positive effects:
-import of expensive imported components is completely excluded.
-the utilization rate of furnace units has increased dramatically.
-the hourly productivity of furnace units has increased to 20%.
-the consumption of natural gas for clinker firing decreased by 8-12%.
-the quality of our products has improved.
The above-mentioned positive effects, taking into account factors such as increased furnace productivity and reduced fuel consumption, led to high economic efficiency [12].
The industry is constantly working on decommissioning morally and physically obsolete equipment, replacing and updating it with more modern energy-saving equipment, followed by reducing the cost of production, saving human, production and fuel and energy resources [13].
Thus, the improvement of the management organization and further structural changes will ensure the stable development of the construction materials industry, the deepening of cooperation and integration activities, the competitiveness and diversification of manufactured products in the industry, and most importantly, the effective use of the country's investment potential.
Summarizing and summarizing the above, it can be concluded that the implementation of market reforms in the republic, including the deepening of privatization processes, achieving macroeconomic stability and ensuring sustainable economic growth in the economy is inextricably linked with the implementation of effective economic policies.
References:
1. Makarenko, O. I. (2020). Rol' promyshlennosti stroitel'nykh materialov v sotsial'no-ekonomicheskom razvitii gosudarstva. Ekonomika stroitel'stva i gradostroitel'stva, 16(4), 233-244. (in Russian).
2. Matrizayeva, D. (2020). Role of Innovative Management in Providing Economic Growth in Industrial Enterprises. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 6(4), 303-308. (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/53/35
3. Turdiev, A. S., & Yusupdjanova, N. U. (2020). Digital Economy: Experience of Foreign Countries and Features of Development in Uzbekistan. Theoretical & Applied Science, (4), 660664. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 8. №4. 2022
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77
4. Metyakubov, A., & Matrizayeva, D. (2020). Economic Analysis of Industrial Investment Management Efficiency. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 6(7), 251-256. (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/56/27
5. Nurimbetov, R. I., & Metyakubov, A. D. (2020). Advanced Housing Fund Management System as a Tool for Improving Delivery of Municipal Services on Client Satisfaction. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(6), 3177-3188.
6. Mirdzhalilova, D. (2019). Trends and Current State of the Services Market on the Property Management in Uzbekistan. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 5(6), 312-317. (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/43/41
7. Nurimbetov, R. I., & Metyakubov, A. D. (2016). Sozdanie i razvitie spetsial'noi industrial'noi zony v regione nizovii Amudar'i. In The Thirteenth International Conference on Economic Sciences (pp. 103-109).
8. Kakhramonov, K. S. (2021). Comprehensive assessment and methods of increasing the efficiency of housing and communal services management in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Theoretical & Applied Science, 3(95), 173-176. https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2021.03.95.31
9. Nurimbetov, R. I., & Kakhramonov, K. S. (2021). Introduction of digital technologies in the sphere of housing stock management in the Republic of Uzbekistan. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 5(97), 386-390. https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS
10. Kakhramonov, K. S. (2021). The main directions of improving the housing stock management system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 9(101), 421425. https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2021.09.101.44
11. Sultanov, A. (2020). Prospective foreign experience outcome implementations of housing fund management in Uzbekistan. Theoretical & Applied Science, (4), 201-207. https://doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2020.04.84.36
12. Nurimbetov, R. I., & Matyakubov, A. D. (2017). Efficiency use of investments and economic development of regions in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya. Velez, (4-2), 32-38.
13. Metyakubov, A., & Matrizayeva, D. (2020). Economic Analysis of Industrial Investment Management Efficiency. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 6(7), 251-256. (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/56/27
14. Nurimbetov, R. I., & Akhmedova, N. S. (2021). Small Business as the main Driver of the Economy Development of Uzbekistan. In Multidiscipline Proceedings of Digital Fashion Conference (Vol. 1, No. 1).
Список литературы:
1. Макаренко О. И. Роль промышленности строительных материалов в социально-экономическом развитии государства // Экономика строительства и градостроительства. 2020. Т. 16. №4. С. 233-244.
2. Матризаева Д. Ю. Роль инновационного управления в обеспечении экономического роста в промышленных предприятиях // Бюллетень науки и практики. 2020. Т. 6. №4. С. 303308. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/53/35
3. Turdiev A. S., Yusupdjanova N. U. Digital Economy: Experience of Foreign Countries and Features of Development in Uzbekistan // Theoretical & Applied Science. 2020. №4. P. 660-664. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS
4. Мэтякубов А. Д., Матризаева Д. Ю. Экономический анализ эффективности управления инвестициями в промышленности // Бюллетень науки и практики. 2020. Т. 6. №7. С. 251-256. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/56/27
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 8. №4. 2022
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77
5. Nurimbetov R. I., Metyakubov A. D. Advanced Housing Fund Management System as a Tool for Improving Delivery of Municipal Services on Client Satisfaction // PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology. 2020. V. 17. №6. P. 3177-3188.
6. Мирджалилова Д. Ш. Тенденции и текущее состояние рынка услуг по управлению объектами недвижимости в Узбекистане // Бюллетень науки и практики. 2019. Т. 5. №6. С. 312-317. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/43/41
7. Нуримбетов Р. И., Мэтякубов А. Д. Создание и развитие специальной индустриальной зоны в регионе низовий Амударьи // The Thirteenth International Conference on Economic Sciences. 2016. С. 103-109.
8. Kakhramonov K. S. Comprehensive assessment and methods of increasing the efficiency of housing and communal services management in the Republic of Uzbekistan // ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science. 2021. V. 3. №95. P. 173-176. https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2021.03.95.31
9. Nurimbetov R. I., Kakhramonov K. S. Introduction of digital technologies in the sphere of housing stock management in the Republic of Uzbekistan // Theoretical & Applied Science. 2021. №5. P. 386-390. https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS
10. Kakhramonov K. S. The main directions of improving the housing stock management system in the Republic of Uzbekistan // ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science. 2021. V. 9. №101. P. 421-25. https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2021.09.101.44
11. Sultanov A. Prospective foreign experience outcome implementations of housing fund management in Uzbekistan // Theoretical & Applied Science. 2020. №4. P. 201-207. https://doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2020.04.84.36
12. Nurimbetov R. I., Matyakubov A. D. Efficiency use of investments and economic development of regions in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya // Velez. 2017. №4-2. P. 32-38.
13. Метякубов А., Матризаева Д. (2020). Экономический анализ эффективности управления промышленными инвестициями // Бюллетень науки и практики. Т. 6. №7. C. 251256. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/56/27
14. Nurimbetov R. I., Akhmedova N. S. Small Business as the main Driver of the Economy Development of Uzbekistan // Multidiscipline Proceedings of Digital Fashion Conference. 2021. V. 1. №1.
Работа поступила Принята к публикации
в редакцию 04.03.2022 г. 10.03.2022 г.
Ссылка для цитирования:
Fayzullaev J. Industrial Development and Role in the National Economy // Бюллетень науки и практики. 2022. Т. 8. №4. С. 445-449. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77/50
Cite as (APA):
Fayzullaev, J. (2022). Industrial Development and Role in the National Economy. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 5(4), 445-449. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/77/50
