CC BY
0
Rozikov J.M., Phd associate professor department of Business administration Tashkent State Agrarian University Republic of Uzbekistan
INDICATORS OF EFFICIENCY OF CLUSTERS OF FRUITS AND
VEGETABLES AND METHODS OF THEIR CALCULATION
Abstract. The article discusses efficiency indicators of fruit and vegetable clusters and methods for their calculation.
Key words: indicator, efficienly, cluster, fruits, vegetables, methods, calcaluation.
In fruit and vegetable clusters, which cover the processes of cultivation, transportation, storage and sale of agricultural products in our country, more than 70% of the subjects of the economy are directly and indirectly involved in the creation of the ultimate product at various stages of the processes of treatment and production. This composition of fruit and vegetable clusters includes industries that are technologically and economically interconnected and that are directly involved in the process, from the production of agricultural products to the delivery to the end consumer.
By decree of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 11, 2023 "on the strategy of Uzbekistan — 2030"PF No. 158" to provide all subsidies to farmers and farms and clusters on the basis of the principle of'one step "through the single platform" Agrosubsidy "and to attract the private sector to the water processing, transmission and distribution system, to Wide attention is paid to issues.
Therefore, bringing into one system the factors that affect the productivity of production in fruit and vegetable production makes it possible to realistically assess the effectiveness.
In addition, since fruit and vegetable clusters consist of inextricably linked links, such as the production, storage, processing and sale of products, when assessing its economic efficiency, it will be necessary to use a system of indicators based on a separate approach for each link.
Studies have shown that management should also be guided by taking into account important factors in increasing the economic performance and efficiency of fruit and vegetable clusters.
In this case, on the basis of clusters, all costs are taken into account and economic efficiency is increased.
In our research work, the productivity indicators of fruit and vegetable production can be calculated through the following formulas.
Table 1.
A system of indicators related to productivity, which represents efficiency in the development and management of organizational and economic foundations of fruit and vegetable clusters, and ways to identify them
№ Scope = " row " / name
1 Clusters (CS)
2 Efficiency of using innovative technologies in clusters (Kin)
3 Production of organic oils in clusters (Cbs)
4 Complaints about investments verb samaradornost (Kin)
5 Clustering and self-regulation (CMU)
6 Clusters of fruit and vegetable growing and horticulture (MSZ)
The following indicators determine the economic efficiency of the production of fruit and vegetable products.
1. Yield ts / ga;
2. 1 t cost of production of the product, som;
3. Gross profit or income from crops per 1, sum;
4. 1 sum gross income or profit from production costs, sum;
5. Gross income or profit per 1 person/hour, sum;
6. The output of gross income at the price of money at current prices per 1,
sum;
7. Labor productivity (production of products in the account of 1 person/hour, an average of one year of work);
8. Product production profitability, %.
The full accounting of each cost when growing fruit and vegetable products has a positive effect on the activity of clusters.
A system of indicators that represent the effectiveness of fruit-sabotage clusters includes six indicators, if they are summarized according to the data of the table in question. The advantage of the indicator system is that it comprehensively covers all aspects of the category or processes being analyzed and fully expresses its content.
In turn, increasing the competitiveness of products being created for consumption in fruit and vegetable clusters also requires the implementation of a number of measures. Therefore, in the process of harvesting and picking fruit and vegetable products, when sorting them, it is advisable to take into account the following important indicators of the product, which directly affect the market assessment of the product and the formation of consumer demand:
-the appearance of fruit and vegetable products, the shape corresponding to the types of products, color, degree of ripeness, complications of mechanical effects on the outside;
-great attention should be paid to the fact that the dimensions of fruit and vegetable products are the same. Observations show that product heterogeneity remains largely dependent on whether fruit and vegetable products are sorted by the same size, rather than large-size;
-the suitability of fruit and vegetable products for consumption also depends on their chemical composition. Therefore, when regular studies of the chemical composition of fruits and vegetables, slight deviations from the norm are observed, preventive measures should be taken immediately. The specific taste, smell, appearance and other similar indicators of fruits and vegetables should also be taken into account in this.
The necessary conditions for increasing the volume of production of fruit and vegetable products and increasing the economic efficiency of hoda, which has attracted innovative technologies for it, are possible to achieve an increase in the volume of cultivation based on the timely conduct of various agrotechnical measures. At the same time, it is possible to determine the economic effectiveness of the proposed measures.
To calculate the amount of rent charged from rental equipment and technology and service:
a) leased equipment and technology and Land Fund area (per hectare);
b) the average amount of production received by the tenant from one hectare in the previous year;
C) to determine the average price of fruit and vegetable products in the consumer market of the previous year in the territory (region), based on the data of Authorized Organizations (state statistical bodies, antitrust and entrepreneurial support bodies, etc.).
Based on the above data, the following formula for rent is determined.
KIH = T*Io'*Mu*Is/100
In this:
KIH-cluster rent;
T-average working capacity of one unit of technique;
Io — - average rental value;
Mu-total area served;
Is-rent calculation rate, in percentage.
The novelty of the capacity of the leased technique, taken into account separately, also affects the quality of the service provided, which should also be taken into account separately.
The effective implementation of such tasks in front of clusters of fruits and vegetables in the perspective requires a large amount of funds. To do this, it is required to increase the scale of attracting foreign investment to them in order to further improve the production of export-pop agricultural products, processing, finished products, which can fully meet world standards in our country. By attracting foreign investments, new modern equipment, equipment and technologies that process fruit and vegetable products into rural areas will enter and set the stage for the creation of many processing and manufacturing enterprises. This in turn creates the possibility of new employment of temporary idle workers, the production of fresh-quality, competitive, modern products that meet the requirements of the fruit and vegetable industry.
References:
1. President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PF Decree No. 158 of September 11, 2023 "on the strategy of Uzbekistan — 2030".
2. Rozikov J. Article" relevance of the organization of clusters of fruits and vegetables " Agro science journal. T:.2020 №3 (66)
3. Rozikov J M 2021 Improving the organizational mechanism of managing fruit and vegetable clusters Newsletter of Khorazm Mamun Academy scientific journal 8 (72) 70-72
4. Murodov Ch., Hasanov Sh., Murodova M. Agroclaster: theoretical foundations of organization. Economics and finance/economics I Finance 2014.
