CC BY
7
Khalikov T.L. assistant
«Other in networks Bugalteriya account and audit» department
Samarkand economy and service Institute
INCREASING THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF COTTON AND
TEXTILE CLUSTERS
Abstract. The article widely uses methods and mechanisms for managing the export potential of textile clusters. This study, to a certain extent, serves to fulfill the tasks defined in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On approval of the Strategy for the Development of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030." The problems of the cluster system of the cotton-textile industry in Uzbekistan have been studied.
Keywords: clusters, stages of creating a cluster, building a cluster, cotton- textile clusters, evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of clusters, export potential.
In the context of globalization and internationalization of the world economy, the formation and support of export industries is a necessary condition for ensuring the competitiveness of the economy, maintaining jobs and stable economic growth. In accordance with the Strategy for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021, one of the priority areas for the development of Uzbekistan is the dynamic continuation of the policy of stimulating the localization of production and import substitution, primarily consumer goods, expanding intersectoral industrial cooperation, liberalization and simplification of export activities, diversification of the structure and geography of exports, expansion, mobilization and increase in the export potential of economic sectors and territories, including the textile industry[1]. This article, to a certain extent, serves to fulfill the tasks defined in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. UP-5853 dated 10/23/2019 "On approval of the Strategy for the Development of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030", Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-4949 dated 14.01.2021 "On measures to realize the export potential of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2021", Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 253 31.03.2018 "On additional measures to organize the activities of cotton and textile industries and clusters" and other regulatory legal acts related to this area.
To the cluster approach and the stages of creating clusters, the foundations of the cluster approach in the economy were formulated in the studies of P. Maskell, in his studies called "The Cluster as Market Organization", in his opinion, the Cluster has the properties of mutual competition of its participants, cooperation of its participants, formation unique competencies of the region, the
formation of the concentration of enterprises and organizations in a certain territory.
M. Porter and in his works as "Clusters and the New Economics of Competition" and "Clusters and Competition: New Agen-das for Companies, Governments, and Institutions".
M. Enright and in his work as "Why Clusters are the Way to Win the Game? it is written exactly why clusters play a huge role in the country's economy. The main point is that clusters are one of the forms of interaction between organizations and social groups within a shared value chain. Clusters should be distinguished from holdings, professional associations, technology parks, industrial parks and districts, regional innovation systems, territorial production complexes, and industrial agglomerations.
Of domestic scientists, the priority areas for the development of textile clusters were directly or indirectly studied by G.T. Yuldashev in his work as "Managing the competitiveness of agricultural clusters", the main idea is that at the present stage of reforming the agricultural sector, the process of cooperation and integration has moved from segmental attempts to establish links between industries with a systemic linkage approach.
O. Arkhipov and in her works as "Textile industry: the main results of the implementation of the Development Strategy of Uzbekistan in the period 20172020", the main directions in the textile industry are substantiated.
Despite the majority of the works studied, the theoretical and methodological foundations of managing textile clusters and increasing their export potential remain an important matter of time.
Foreign experience shows that the level of innovative potential of a country and a region is associated with the peculiarities of economic development, which form their competitive advantages. World experience provides examples of increasing competitiveness of territories and industrial complexes through the implementation of cluster regional policy. In many developed countries, industry clusters have become a common form of organizing business communities. The methodology of cluster initiatives implemented over the past decades in different countries shows that their high competitiveness is based on the strong positions of individual clusters, which strengthen it and optimize the management of the national economy. Within the framework of the thematic focus of the article, we will consider in more detail the elements of the conceptual apparatus that are directly related to the management of the export potential of cluster systems.
To date, the word cluster is widely used in various fields of science. The word cluster comes from the English word "cluster", which means a group, an association of various things or people. In economics, a cluster is primarily understood as an association of various entities - organizations, manufacturing and service enterprises, research and educational institutions that are geographically close and functionally interconnected with each other.
In accordance with the ideas of Uzbek scientists, the cluster approach to the development of the economy is a new management technology, this approach makes it possible to increase the competitiveness of not only a separate territory or industry, but the whole country.
The cluster approach is capable of fundamentally changing the content of the state economic policy, which is aimed not at supporting individual enterprises and industries, but at developing relationships between related enterprises, institutions located in geographical proximity, etc. Below we will consider the main stages of creating a cluster.
The development of an export-oriented scenario for the formation of resource potential in the agrarian sector of the country, where state financial support acts as a determining factor, is of great importance for increasing the export potential of agro-industrial enterprises. The latter implies the development of an effective mechanism for reducing the costs associated with exports, improving the efficiency of the management system in exporting clusters, which can be achieved not without the participation of local authorities, including. The introduction of textile clusters is designed to increase the satisfaction of the country's internal needs, reduce dependence on imports and increase the export potential of the state
The theoretical analysis carried out allows us to conclude that the cluster form of organization corresponds to the principles of a new management paradigm, which implies the achievement of sustainable innovative development of territories, ensuring the food security of the region, improving the level and quality of life of the population, preserving the biological diversity of ecosystems and conducting environmentally friendly production.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of clusters and their export potential in modern conditions is of great importance. It allows you to correctly assess the financial and economic situation of individual administrative-territorial entities and, on this basis, build a sound state policy, allows investors to realistically assess the risk of investing in the territory. Methodologically, the analysis of the effectiveness of the functioning of the cluster is reduced to the analysis of the following groups of indicators: indicators of localization of production, labor productivity, capital productivity, capital productivity, product profitability, employment level, etc. Improving the efficiency of cluster management and the growth of their export potential are designed to have a positive impact on the socio-economic development of regions and the country as a whole, to improve the living standards of the population of the territory.
References:
1. Гиязов, Б. Б. (2022). Формирование хлопково-текстильных кластеров Узбекистане. ББК 65.0501 А 43, 54.
2. Халматжанова, Г. Д. (2021). Развитие текстильной промышленности республики узбекистан.
3. Дехканова Н.Ш. Организация инновационных кластеров в управлении инновационно-инвестиционной деятельностью промышленных предприятий// «Iqtisodiyot va innovatsion texnologiyalar» ilmiy elektron jurnali. № 4, iyul-avgust, 2020. С. 180.
4. Рыкова И.Н., Губанов Р.С. Экспортный потенциал агропромышленного комплекса России: особенности, финансирование, прогнозы// Финансовые исследования. 2018. №2 (59). - С. 12-19. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/
5. Обзор развития текстильной отрасли Узбекистана в 2017-2020 годах / https://www.caitme.uz/ru/mediacentre/novosti.php?ELEMENT_ID=51772
6. ШИРИНОВ, У. МОБИЛ АЛОКА ХИЗМАТЛАРИДАН ОЛИНАДИГАН ДАРОМАДЛАР Х,ИСОБИНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШ. ЭКОНОМИКА, 800-803.
7. Ширинов, У. А. (2022). АЛОКА ХИЗМАТЛАРИНИ КУРСАТУВЧИ СУБЪЕКТЛАРДА АУДИТНИНГ ДОЛЗАРБ МАСАЛАЛАРИ. Архив научных исследований, 2(1).
