CC BY
16IMPROVING THE QUALITY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE TRAINING OF ECONOMIC
PERSONNEL
Shavkat Kodirovich Muxtorov
PhD student of Bukhara State University
ABSTRACT
This article develops proposals to ensure the competitiveness of higher education institutions. The change in the evaluation coefficient for each of them in subsequent periods is defined as the ratio of the value of the coefficient in the previous comparison period. As a result, this methodological approach allows to analyze the effectiveness of ensuring competitiveness in the entire value chain of higher education and to reflect the dynamics of change at its level.
Keywords: integrated approach, internal evaluation, external evaluation, quality indicators, quantitative indicators
Radical economic reforms in Uzbekistan require the formation of a system of higher education that will allow for socio-economic reconstruction of society and sustainable development in the future. Due to the ongoing reforms in the national education system, the expected duration of education was increased from 13.7 years in 1990 to 21 years in 2018. To radically reconsider the content of training in accordance with the priorities set by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the socioeconomic development of the country in the "Strategy of actions on five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021", Much attention is paid to creating conditions for the training of specialists with higher education at the level of international standards.
Development of scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at assessing the current state of the higher education system, strengthening the interdependence of higher education institutions and the labor market, ensuring that the composition, level and quality of personnel trained in the regions meet the requirements of the labor market is one of the priorities of the ongoing economic reforms. Therefore, in the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the Parliament dated December 28, 2018, it is necessary to further strengthen the work to create opportunities for higher education, increase the prestige of universities, increase the number of nongovernmental educational institutions and attract highly qualified personnel. and strengthening competition, strengthening cooperation with prestigious foreign institutes and universities, further increasing the scientific potential of higher education institutions, expanding the scope of training of scientific and scientific-pedagogical
personnel, coverage of the population with higher education in the 2019/2020 academic year It was noted that one of the important tasks is to increase the level of education from 15% to 20% and to increase this figure in the coming years. It is planned to increase the coverage of the country's population with higher education to 70% by 2030. It is known that in developed countries the coverage of the population with higher education is 60-70%.
The analysis of the level of competitiveness of bachelors and masters graduating from higher education institutions in the regions shows that the number of bachelors and masters in the country increased by 86.0% in 2014, 83.6% in 2015, 83.5% in 2016, It was 86.4 percent in 2017 and 82.7 percent in 2018, and in 2018 it was 96.2 percent lower than in 2014. Also, 84.3% of graduates and postgraduates entered the country in 2014, 86.4% in 2015, 89.1% in 2016, 87.1% in 2017 and 87.8% in 2018. which is an increase of 104.3% compared to 2014.
The number of bachelors and masters in Bukhara region was 95.5% in 2014, 88.1% in 2015, 86.8% in 2016, 77.9% in 2017 and 90.8% in 2018. In 2018, it decreased by 95.1% compared to 2014. In addition, 99.4% of graduates and postgraduates entered the region in 2014, 88.1% in 2015, 85.6% in 2016, 75.3% in 2017 and 91.4% in 2018. in 2013 it decreased by 91.9% compared to 2014.
The average rate of employment of bachelors of higher education institutions in Bukhara region is higher than the national average, and the average rate of Navoi region is much lower. In general, the analytical results show the need to further strengthen the efforts of graduates of higher education institutions in the country, and in the regions to sharply increase and intensify the work in this area. The average rate of employment of bachelors of higher education institutions in Bukhara region is higher than the national average, and the average rate of Navoi region is much lower. In general, the analytical results show the need to further strengthen the efforts of graduates of higher education institutions in the country, and in the regions to sharply increase and intensify the work in this area.
The proposed integrated approach includes: 1) accounting for internal and external evaluation (according to the sources of information used for data collection);
2) taking into account qualitative and quantitative indicators (according to the chosen method of assessment);
3) focus on engaging several groups of participants in consumer feedback and evaluation (education services market and labor market);
4) obtain the integrated values of the results in the final calculation.
The search for ways to sustainably increase the competitiveness of higher education institutions and ensure that the results achieved can be sustained will stimulate the implementation of the concept of marketing management in the long run.
Its specificity is determined by a set of key factors and principles. Marketing management in universities can be organized in different forms. But in any case, it must serve to increase competitiveness and consist of the influence of management on the formation, maintenance and improvement of sustainable competitive advantages.
Study of the competitiveness of universities in the regional market of higher
education comparative results
Value blocks Researched higher education institutions
BukhSU BukhIET BSMI NavSPI NavSM I
1. Marketing activities 3,5 3,3 3,8 2,9 2,8
2. Educational activity 4,57 4,71 4,3 4,2 4,2
3. Research activities 4,4 4,2 4,1 3,9 3,7
4. Management activities 4,1 3,82 3,65 3,75 3,6
5. Extra-budgetary activities 4,3 4,3 4,1 4,17 4,1
6. International activity 4,21 4,4 4,57 3,9 3,66
7. Personnel supply 4,3 4,1 3,87 3,9 3,5
8. Logistics 3,9 3,87 3,6 3,62 3,6
9. Financial security 3,8 3,67 3, 57 3, 46 3,4
10. The overall evaluation coefficient 4,12 4,04 3,95 3,67 3,62
The competitive advantages gained through the analysis of the interaction matrix and the introduction of its results are more stable than the standard approaches and traditional methods of their formation. Based on the results of the analysis, we propose to calculate the overall effectiveness of ensuring the competitiveness of higher education institutions, evaluating the sum of its components for all value blocks. The change in the evaluation coefficient for each of them in subsequent periods is defined as the ratio of the value of the coefficient in the previous comparison period. As a result,
this methodological approach allows to analyze the effectiveness of ensuring competitiveness in the entire value chain of higher education and to reflect the dynamics of change at its level.
The study of the proposed methodological tools in the regional market of higher education (on the example of higher education institutions of Bukhara and Navoi regions) was conducted in the form of an expert survey (on a five-point scale). In it, each area of activity was assessed by the level of relative value for the university to take an active competitive position, ensuring the use and development of the main competitive advantages.
Number of higher education institutions and areas of students distribution by
Regions The number of universities, in units Number of students, thousand Per 10,000 population relative number of students
1991/ 1992 2018/ 2019 1991/ 1992 2018/ 2019 1991/ 1992 2018/ 2019
Uzbekistan 46 99 337,4 337,9 162, 8 91,2
Karakalpakstan Republic 2 9 9,9 22,1 77,7 105,6
Regions:
Andijon 4 4 17,7 20,6 98,6 63,7
Buxoro 2 4 15,0 17,7 125, 0 85,2
Jizzax 1 2 6,8 14,7 85,3 94,6
Kashkadarya 1 3 10,0 14,7 58,9 50,5
Navoi 0 2 4,5 11,7 65,7 101,1
Namangan 1 3 11,0 15,6 70,6 49,3
Bukhara 6 8 40,0 32,9 181, 0 78,3
Surxondaryo 1 6 7,8 14,4 58,4 36,9
Sirdaryo 1 1 6,2 6,2 110, 2 56,5
Tashkent 2 5 17,1 16,5 79,7 28,3
Fergana 3 7 21,5 26,7 96,5 59,3
Khorezm 1 3 4,8 13,2 44,9 57,9
Tashkent city 21 42 165,4 110,9 769,7 462,1
The application of the methodology allows to identify the real state of affairs in each university, possible areas of growth and inefficient use of resources, significant actions that determine sustainable competitive advantages and justify the priorities of their development.
The number of students in Uzbekistan in the 2018/2019 academic year amounted to 337.9 thousand, which is equal to the 1991/1992 academic year. Overall, the number of students decreased by 54.4% in the first 10 years of independence. In the last 10 years, the number of students has increased by 50%. In 2010-2018, the number of students in the country increased by 63.4 thousand (123.1%) and reached the level of the first year of independence.
In 2018, the number of students in Uzbekistan per 10,000 people was 91.2. However, in 1991 this figure was 162.8. During the years of independence, the number of students per 10,000 people in the country decreased by 71.6. However, the number of students per 10,000 population in the Republic of Karakalpakstan has increased to 27.9. This is the case in Jizzakh (9.3), Navoi (35.4) and Khorezm (13) regions. In all other regions, the number of students per 10,000 population has decreased.
In general, the reduction of the number of students during the years of independence was due to the following factors: the reduction in the number of admissions to higher education institutions, the abolition of part-time and evening education, the fixed number of admissions to certain specialties, tuition fees contract form, insufficient flexibility of the educational process, etc [1-30].
According to the analysis of statistical data, in the 2018/2019 academic year, 43.8% of undergraduate students (34.9% of masters) in the humanities, 28% (19.8% of masters) in the field of production and technology, 5.6% (2.7% of masters) in the service sector, 10.7% (19.8% of masters) in the social, economic and legal spheres, 7.4% (4.9%) in agriculture and water management In the field of health care, 4.4% (16.0% of masters) are studying in the field of health and social security.
This means that 63% of highly qualified specialists trained in the country are trained in the humanities, industry and technology. There were 25,107 professors and teachers in the existing higher education institutions. The number of professors and teachers was 1,470, and 6,011 candidates. The scientific potential of the higher education system is 29.8%. This figure is much lower than in developed countries.
In order to increase the competitiveness of graduates of higher education institutions based on supply and demand in the labor market, it is expedient to make changes to the relevant regulations to improve the quality of education, increase the number of hours of internships and internships for students. Also, in improving the organization of education in higher education, pay more attention to the creation of quality textbooks, manuals, further strengthen the material and technical base of higher education institutions to improve the quality of education and training. serves to
improve the establishment process. Improving the quality of higher education institutions will ensure their competitiveness. The competitiveness of the higher education system is their ability to meet the requirements of the labor market and their marketability.
In improving the quality of education, the division of the teaching staff into levels, taking into account the knowledge, pedagogical skills of teachers working in the division into levels and their role in research and the creation of new literature, in general, the professor - It is necessary to create a competitive environment among teachers. On the basis of further improvement of the system of incentives for teachers, it is possible to dramatically improve the quality of education by increasing the interest of teachers in their work.
REFERENCES
1. Хамидов О.Х., Кагоров о.С. (2021). Олий таълим муассасалари битирувчилари бандлигини ракамли технологиялар асосида мониторинг килиш истикболлари. Development issues of innovative economy in the agricultural sector, 539-543 бетлар.
2. Каххоров О.С. (2019). Оценка эффективности подготовки конкурентоспособных кадров в системе высшего образования. Экономика и предпринимательство. №2, С. 890-897.
3. Каххоров О.С. (2017). Основные подходы оценки эффективности управления в образовательных учреждениях. Путь науки, №2, С. 124-127.
4. Каххоров О.С. (2017). Современные тенденции в подготовке кадров-экономистов в системе образования Узбекистана. Современные тенденции в науке и образовании. С. 126-128.
5. Каххоров О.С. (2017). Формирование резерва современных руководящих кадров в системе образования. Наука и Мир, 2:2, С.28-31.
6. Kahhorov O.S. (2017). Improving methodological base of evaluation of management effectiveness in educational institutions. Экономика и предпринимательство. №1, С. 1017-1019.
7. Каххоров О.С. (2017). Подходы и способы оценки эффективности управления образовательных учреждений. Экономика и предпринимательство. №1, С. 10371041.
8. Каххоров О.С. (2016). Зарубежный опыт по созданию механизмов поддержки исследовательских работ в системе подготовки кадров. Наука и образование: проблемы и тенденции развития. №1, С. 97-102.
9. Kakhkhorov O.S. (2017). The main approaches to management effectiveness evaluation in educational institutions. The Way of Science. № 2 (36). P. 127.
10. Kakhkhorov O.S. (2017). Forming the reserve of the modern managerial personnel within the educational system. Science and world. № 2 (42). Vol. II. P. 31.
11. Qahhorov O.S., Norov A.E. (2020). Concept and components of innovativecommercialization infrastructure. Scientific reports of Bukhara State University: Vol. 4 : Iss. 2 , P. 285-292.
12. Kahhorov O.S. (2020). Higher education management features based on innovation. Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University: vol. 4, iss. 1, p. 301-310.
13. Kakhkhorov O.S. (2020). The theoretical basis of strategic management of higher education system. Scientific reports of Bukhara State University. 3:4, P. 290-302.
14. Khamidov O.Kh., Kakhkhorov O.S. (2020). The specific areas of strategic management of higher educational institutions. Scientific reports of Bukhara State University. Vol. 3 : Iss. 4, P. 280-289.
15. Khamraev Z.M, Kakhkhorov O.S. (2020). Analysis of the processes of development of foreign trade in Uzbekistan. Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University. Vol. 3 : Iss. 2, P. 235-245.
16. Kahhorov O.S. (2017). Multistage system on evaluating the effectiveness of management in secondary vocational education. The Fourteenth International Conference on Economic Sciences. P. 71-76.
17. Khamidov O.K., Kahhorov O.S. (2020). Prospects of monitoring graduates' employment in digital technologies. Scientific reports of Bukhara State University. 4:5, P. 268-273.
18. Sobirov B.B., Khamidov O., Pardaev O.M., Ramos-Ramos S., Soliev M.B., Negmatov B.M. (2015). The role of social media, user generated platforms and crowd sourcing in the development of tourism destinations Journal of Hospitality Management and Tourism. Vol. 6 (4), pp. 30-38.
19. Rakhimov O.K., Khamidov O., Cuesta Garcia T.S. (2019). Improvement and Modernization of Agricultural Irrigation. Uzbekistan Case Study. European Journal of Agriculture & Food Science. Vol. 2, No. 4.
20. Khamidov O. (2017). New Stage of Tourisim Development in Uzbekistan: Actual Problems and Perspectives. World Scientific News. 86:3, pp. 134-149.
21. Khudoykulov K., Khamidov O. (2015). Testing Capital Assert Pricing Model (CAPM) on the Emerging Markets of the Europe. Spanish Journal of Rural Development. Vol. VI (3), pp. 1-8.
22. Augustinova A., Stanco L., Damasek L., Kolmacka T., Khamidov O., Shaydullaev Sh. (2017). Archaeological Survey in the Oases of Maydon and Goz in the Piedmont of the Kugitang Mountains (South Uzbekistan) - Preliminary report for season 2017. Studia Hercynia. No. 2, pp. 139-159.
23. Stanco L., Shaydullaev Sh., Khamidov O., Augustinova A., Damasek L., Bek T., Kmosek M. (2017). In the footsteps of Euthydemus. Preliminary report for
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 3 I 2021
ISSN: 2181-1601
Archaeological Survey in the Baysun District (South Uzbekistan), Season 2018. Studia Hercynia. No. 1, pp. 141-72.
24. Inoyatova S.A., Khamidov O.Kh. (2018). ICT in Uzbekistan Tourism: Analysis of Online Customer Reviews. Scientific Conference "Problems and Prospects of Tourism Development for the Population in Need of Social Protection". Pp. 1-8.
25. Sayfutdinov Sh., Khamidov O., Sobirov B. (2015). Implementation of up-to-date experience of the world in the tourism sector of Uzbekistan, with the current innovative technologies and adjustable suggestions: case of Uzbekistan. Academicia: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. 5:8, pp. 84-107.
26. Stanco L., Shaydullaev Sh., Bendezu-Sarmiento J., Lhuillier J., Kysela J., Shaydullaev A., Khamidov O., Havlik J., Tlusta J. (2016). Preliminary Report on the Excavations at Burgut Kurgan in 2015. Studia Hercynia, XX (2), pp.86-111.
27. Khamidov O.Kh., Rakhimov J.J. (2021). Implementing economic clustering in Uzbekistan's tourism industry. Middle European Scientific Bulletin. 12, pp. 113-119.
28. Khamidov O.Kh., Yoqubjonova H.Y. (2020). The objective need for the development of ecoturism in the Fergana economic territory. 4:2, pp. 276-280.
29. Inoyatova S., Khamidov O., Nigmonov A. (2018). Evalution of Online Hotel Booking Services in Uzbekistan. International conference on Eurasian economies, pp. 20-28.
30. Khamidov O.Kh., Rakhimov K.R. (2019). The scientist, who has made Bukhara the "Dome of Islam". Scientific reports of Bukhara State University 3:2, pp. 168-176.
