CC BY
0"IMPLEMENTATiON OF THE ACTiVE LEARNiNG PROCESS THROUGH EDUCATiONAL EXCURSiONS AND EXTRACURRICULAR ACTiViTiES"
SHAFAQETOVA GULPUTA GULBABA
k.u.f.d
HASANOVA MEHPARA RAFiG
master
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University
Annotation: The article examines the role of educational excursions and extracurricular activities in the active learning process. It emphasizes that these methods help students connect theoretical knowledge with practical experience, develop creative thinking, and teamwork skills. Excursions provide an opportunity to introduce students to the chemical industry and ecology, while extracurricular activities contribute to the development of problem-solving and research skills. The article also discusses the stages of organizing educational excursions and their impact on student motivation and interest in chemistry.
Keywords: active learning, educational excursions, extracurricular activities, practical application, creative thinking, teamwork skills, problem-solving skills, research projects, real-life learning, chemistry education, visual learning
TOLiM EKSKURSiYALARI VO DORSDONXARiC MO§GOLOLOR VASiTOSiLO FOAL OYRONMO PROSESiNiN HOYATA KE0RILMOSi
Annotasiya: Maqalada talim ekskursiyalari vd darsdanxaric ma^galalarin §agirdlarin faal oyranma prosesindaki rolu ara§dirilir. Bu yana§malar §agirdlara nazari biliklari praktiki mühitda tatbiq etmak, komanda ila i§lamak va yaradici dü§üncani inki§af etdirmak imkani yaradir. Ekskursiyalar kimya sanayesi va atraf mühitla bagli biliklari artirir, darsdankanar faaliyyatlar isa problem hall etma va tadqiqat bacariqlarini güclandirir. Tahsil prosesinin effektivliyi ügün hazirliq, icra va qiymatlandirma marhalalari ahamiyyatli rol oynayir. Bela tadbirlar §agirdlarda fanna maragi artirir va real hayatda kimyanin ahamiyyatini dark etmaya komak edir.
Agar sozlsr: faal oyranma, talim ekskursiyalari, darsdanxaric ma§galalar,praktiki tatbi, yaradici dü§ünca, komanda i§i bacariqlari, problem hall etma bacariqlari, tadqiqat layihalari,real hayat oyranmasi, kimya tahsili, ayani oyranma
"РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССА АКТИВНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ ЧЕРЕЗ УЧЕБНЫЕ ЭКСКУРСИИ И ВНЕКЛАССНЫЕ ЗАНЯТИЯ"
Аннотация: В статье рассматривается роль учебных экскурсий и внеклассных занятий в процессе активного обучения. Подчеркивается, что эти методы помогают учащимся связывать теоретические знания с практическим опытом, развивать творческое мышление и навыки командной работы. Экскурсии дают возможность познакомить студентов с химической промышленностью и экологией, а внеклассные занятия способствуют развитию навыков решения проблем и исследовательских способностей. Также рассматриваются этапы организации учебных экскурсий и их влияние на мотивацию учащихся и их интерес к химии.
Ключевые слова: активное обучение, учебные экскурсии, внеклассные занятия, практическое применение, творческое мышление, навыки командной работы, навыки решения проблем, исследовательские проекты, обучение на практике, химическое образование, наглядное обучение
In the subject of Chemistry, field trips and extracurricular activities are important educational methods that play a significant role in effectively implementing the active learning process. This approach provides an opportunity for learners to apply theoretical knowledge in a practical environment, facilitating deeper understanding and increasing interest in the subject. Below, the advantages, organizational principles, and application examples of field trips are explained in detail:
Field trips in Chemistry help students relate the theoretical knowledge they have learned in class to real-life situations. They are organized outside the educational institution, at special locations (such as agricultural areas, chemical industry facilities). During these trips, students gain practical experience at the end of the lesson, which increases their interest in the subject, enhances visual learning, and develops teamwork skills. In this way, students acquire experiences they cannot gain from books or textbooks directly on-site. "Learning by Seeing" refers to the process of assimilating knowledge through sensory organs like sight, touch, and hearing, which enhances the level of understanding. Learning in a real environment increases motivation among students and sparks their interest in the subject. During field trips, students engage in group activities, improving their ability to work together. Working as a team enhances collaboration skills and improves communication abilities.(2)
Extracurricular activities, as one of the active learning methods, are activities used to develop students' skills and interests in addition to the main curriculum. These activities encourage learners to actively participate and acquire skills beyond the teaching program. The impact of these activities on active learning is as follows:
It fosters creative thinking. In Chemistry, the development of students' creative thinking refers to their ability to apply existing knowledge to create new ideas, find unconventional solutions, and form innovative approaches to chemical processes. This process involves not only memorizing existing information but also ensuring the use of that knowledge in analytical, critical, and creative ways.(3)
Organizing extracurricular activities based on brainstorming, discussions, and debates is highly effective.
1. Problem-solving tasks: Brainstorming
The teacher encourages creative thinking by asking open-ended questions, such as "How can we produce eco-friendly fuel?". This stimulates students' ability to think innovatively and generate unique ideas.
2. Discussions and debates
The teacher organizes a debate on the topic "The impact of plastic waste on the environment", where students defend various viewpoints using their knowledge of chemistry. This approach enhances critical thinking and argumentative skills.
3. Research projects
Students are assigned tasks such as creating a project titled "Let's Protect Nature". These assignments help develop their research skills, analytical abilities, and awareness of environmental issues.
Creative Thinking in Chemistry
Creative thinking in chemistry is not only about academic achievements but also about developing a broader perspective to solve real-life problems. This approach fosters students' growth into researchers and innovative individuals. For example, project-based activities or research tasks enhance students' analytical skills and research abilities. Students who achieve success in extracurricular activities gain more self-confidence.(4)
Principles and Stages of Organizing Field Trip (5)
1. Preparation Stage
Defining the purpose of the activity and preparing a detailed plan.
Example: Topic: "Water purification processes and their chemical basis".
The teacher organizes a field trip to a water treatment plant. Before the trip, students are provided with theoretical knowledge about water composition, types of pollution, and purification
methods (e.g., filtration, chlorination, coagulation). The teacher explains the stages of the processes they will observe and the importance of the chemical reactions involved. Students are instructed to prepare observation notebooks, containers for collecting clean water samples, and other necessary materials.
2. Execution Stage
Demonstrating the application of chemical processes in a real-life setting.
Example: Students visit the water treatment plant. Plant specialists demonstrate how water is initially analyzed. They explain the coagulation process, using alum (Ah(SO4)3) or iron(III) chloride, and the filtration process using various materials (sand, gravel, etc.). The chlorination process is also explained, emphasizing the safety of the chemicals used for disinfection. Students collect samples of water at different stages of purification and take notes.
3. Evaluation Stage
Summarizing and consolidating the knowledge gained during the field trip.
Example: Students present the information they gathered during the trip in class. They analyze the differences between untreated and treated water samples (e.g., pH measurements or sediment observations). Together with the teacher, they write and explain the chemical reactions involved in water purification (e.g., the reaction of Ah(SO4)3 in water). Students discuss the significance of the field trip in their daily lives (e.g., the importance of drinking water quality and environmental protection).
Below are examples of suitable field trips for the subject of Chemistry:
1. Excursions to Chemical Plants and Industrial Facilities
Students can visit oil refineries, fertilizer production facilities, and plastic manufacturing factories. The main purpose is to observe the large-scale production and processes of chemical substances, understand how reactions occur in real-life settings, and learn about the environmental impacts and their management strategies.
2. Excursions to Pharmaceutical Companies and Laboratories
When teaching organic chemistry topics, taking students to pharmaceutical production facilities or research laboratories can spark their interest in studying organic compounds. Students can learn about the chemical synthesis methods of drugs and understand the role of organic reactions in pharmaceuticals.
3. Excursions to Historical Chemical Production Sites
When studying any subject, it is essential to understand its history and development. Similarly, in chemistry, learning about the history and evolution of the field can act as a shield against "chemophobia" among students. Exploring the historical development of the chemical industry helps students understand the differences between traditional and modern chemical technologies.
4. Excursions to Nature Reserves and Geothermal Areas
When covering elements, for example, teachers could take students to the gold deposits in Kalbajar. Here, students can see metals in their natural form. Additionally, visits to volcanic areas or locations with thermal springs can be arranged. Students can study the chemical composition of soils and minerals, analyze the gases released during volcanic activities, and understand the formation mechanisms of chemical compounds in thermal water sources.(6)
Conclusion:
Thus, the aforementioned approaches not only increase students' interest in science but also strengthen their sense of patriotism. Observing the role of chemistry knowledge in the economic and ecological development of the country fosters a sense of love and responsibility towards the homeland in students. Additionally, the development of innovative thinking and creative approaches enables them to become individuals capable of solving various problems in the future, contributing successfully both to society and their professional fields. Educational excursions and extracurricular activities serve not merely to make students knowledgeable but also to turn them into active participants in the learning process. This approach contributes to their intellectual and emotional
development, shaping them into well-prepared and responsible individuals who meet the demands of the modern world.
REFERENCES:
1. Schuh, M. C., Jorgensen, C. M. "The Inclusion Facilitator's Guide". United States of America, 2006. Page 21.
2. Wilson, B. G. "Constructivist Learning Environments: Case Studies in Instructional Design". Published by Educational Technology Publications. Pages 152-153.
3. Martella, D., Kahn, D., Li, W."The Relative Effectiveness of Different Active Learning Implementations in Teaching". Journal of Educational Psychology, 2020.
4. "Metodika va Pedaqogika yenilanmi§ nazariyya asasinda". TAM, 2024. Pages 71-73.
5. "Designing Effective Science Projects", Edward S. Smith. Published by National Science Teachers Association, 2015.
6. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/chemistry-of-life
