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6Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
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R
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
HISTORICAL MONUMENTS OF THE MIDDLE AGES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION STATUS TODAY
S.Hakkulov
Independent researcher of KarshiSU
This article talks about medieval historical monuments in Uzbekistan and their transformational state today.
Keywords: Architecture, Karshi, Shahrisabz, Ko'kan, Khiva, historical cities, architecture, "monument", "obida", "antique".
В данной статье рассказывается о средневековых исторических памятниках Узбекистана и их трансформационном состоянии сегодня.
Ключевые слова: Архитектура, Карши, Шахрисабз, Кокан, Хива, исторические города, архитектура, «памятник», «обида», «античный».
INTRODUCTION
After Uzbekistan gained its independence, great attention was paid to the restoration of national values and the development of the nation's spiritual culture. As the First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan I.A. Karimov said: "... it was manifested when we built memorial complexes in memory of our great saints who were born and grew up in the blessed land and found eternal rest. For example, in Bukhara, we created memorial complexes of Abdulkhaliq Gijduvani and Bahauddin Naqshband, Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Motrudi in Samarkand, Burkhaniddin Marginani in Margilon, Hazrat Imam in Tashkent..." [1]
It should be noted that all the above shrines are protected. Also, the centers of historical cities such as Karshi, Shahrisabz, Kokan, Khiva were restored. In urban development, a direction of drying architectural monuments in a complex style has emerged. These factors show the relevance of this direction.
Uzbekistan is a country of ancient civilization, rich cultural heritage and high architectural traditions. Many large and small cities are thousands of years old. By the decision of the Government of Uzbekistan and UNESCO, the 2500th anniversary of Bukhara and Khiva was widely celebrated in 1997, the 2500th anniversary of Termiz in 2001, and the 2700th anniversary of Karshi in 2006. In 2007, the 2750th anniversary of Samarkand was celebrated, and in 2009, the 2200th anniversary of Tashkent was celebrated.
ABSTRACT
АННОТАЦИЯ
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
O
R
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
In addition, among the historical monuments of Ismail Samoni, Chashma Ayub (Bukhara), Deggaron, Arab Father (Samarkand), Mirsaid Bahrom (Karmana), Saifiddin Boharzi and other monuments preserved from the early Middle Ages in the historical regions of Uzbekistan, the current state of their architectural is losing its appearance and importance. It is necessary to preserve it for future generations, to restore it in a new aspect.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
It is known that the scientific study of architectural monuments in the form of a complex has begun in Uzbekistan. In this regard, one of the Uzbek scientists, Professor Muhammadjon Akhmedov, in his book "Architectural Heritage" [3], illuminates the issue of preservation of architectural monuments in the form of a complex through scientific and comparative principles. Doctor of Architecture, Professor Orifjon Salimov in the scientific-methodological and educational manual "Research Fundamentals in the Restoration of Historic City Centers" [3] describes preservation of architectural monuments in the development of modern urban planning, harmonizing them with time, the basics of restoration of historical cities, research, repair and maintenance of architectural monuments. researches adaptation issues based on scientific conclusions. Today, the difficulties that arose in the history of architecture have come into focus again, based on the revival. Our guests and compatriots from different countries are witnessing the great power of our past after seeing these antiques.
Many people are also worried about the work being done in order to eliminate the shortcomings in the restoration of ancient architectural monuments. Project work on the restoration of architectural monuments formed in the early Middle Ages in the historical regions of Uzbekistan is being carried out without sufficiently studying the regions of the historical center.
As a result of the start of restoration work on urban planning and architectural monuments of folk architecture and their related places, the structure of ancient areas, monuments of folk architecture, and historical elements of historical cities is disappearing. Just one example, the Chashma Ayub mausoleum built in the 12th century in the Vobkent region of Bukhara region, while preserving elements of the traditional location, did not help to preserve the historical environment of ancient buildings.
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
o
R
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
The architectural terms "monument", "monument", "relic" (that is, antique works) in terms of the dictionary meaning give the meaning of a building or structure that has come down to us from the past.
From the past to the present, the unique aspects of each monument must be preserved. In general, historical value should be added to the basis of architectural-artistic and functional qualities of actual problems of national architecture in architectural works.
Just as people who do not know their history do not have a good idea of the future, this situation creates anxiety among tourists, many of them do not understand the real existence. The Amir Temur Jame Mosque in Samarkand and Minarai Kalon in Bukhara, Sultan Saodat Kadamjoy Dahma in Termiz and Shahi Zinda Mausoleum in Samarkand are among the completed works and amaze people with their architectural brilliance. Also, major repair works were carried out in Shahrisabz, Khiva, Ko'kan, Tashkent, Termiz, Navoi and Karmana.
CONCLUSION
Today, Uzbekistan is paying special attention to the restoration and development of the country's infrastructure. In particular, in the reconstruction work, it is envisaged to preserve not only individual fragments of architectural monuments, but also to actively adapt them to modern life, observing all social, sanitary-hygienic and aesthetic requirements for the reconstructed environment.
One of the main directions of our architecture at the modern stage is to deeply develop the tasks of reconstruction of historical cities, to connect historical architectural monuments with new constructions, to combine traditional and modern architectural forms into a single, harmonious complex.
REFERENCES
1. Karimov I.A. Yuksak ma'naviyat - yengilmas kuch. - Toshkent: Ma'naviyat, 2008. - B.60.
2. Ahmedov M. Me'moriy meros. - Toshkent: 2011. - B.57 - 79.
3. Salimov O. Tarixiy shahar markazlarini qayta tiklashda tadqiqot asoslari. - T., 2014. - B.21 - 23.
