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Rakhmonova G.A. the student of the 3-16 group Fergana Polytechnic Institute
GREEN WALL OR VERTICAL GARDEN
Annotation: This article highlights the "Green Wall" or "Vertical Garden " area, which is a radical turning point in today's architecture and design industry, and highlights its benefits and importance in room and building interiors. In addition, excellent recommendations for the use of such a new area of architecture have been given to the saline areas of Uzbekistan and the damp walls.
Key words and phrases: "Green Wall" or " Vertical Garden ", nurseries, zoologicals, propaganda, urbanization, moisture-proof layers, endemic plants, reducing.
The State Committee for Nature Protection was reorganized into the State Committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection. The president Republicof Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev signed a decree on 21 April about this reorganization. The decree charged the State Ecological Committee with the following tasks:
maintaining the state cadastre in the field of ecology and environmental protection, as well as keeping state records of nurseries, zoological and botanical collections for breeding and storage of wild animals and wild plants;
organization of ecological education, propaganda and enlightenment work, as well as retraining and advanced training of specialists in the field of ecology and environmental protection.
Source: www.gazeta.uz "State Committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection was established"
Population growth around the world, the shrinking of agricultural land from year to year and the consequent increase in urbanism pose serious problems for urban architects. One of the most important of these is the emergence of environmental problems. As a result of urbanization, not only agricultural areas will be reduced, but also the amount of harmful gases emitted into the atmosphere from cities will increase. The problem is not only the poisoning of fresh air, which is a vital factor, but also a serious impact on the existing flora and fauna. Observations show that people living in cities complain about the deterioration of their health 15 times more often than people living in suburbs and villages. This is due to air deterioration, high noise levels, the use of large amounts of synthetic materials, and high levels of electromagnetic radiation. All industry representatives must work hard to combat with this problems. In particular, great tasks are assigned to architects. Now any project needs to be environmentally
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designed before it can be implemented. The Green Wall project is a small step in solving these problems.
The concept of "green wall" or "vertical garden" was practically founded in 1986 by the French botanist Patrick Blanc. When people asked what inspires him the most, he said, "I'm inspired by nature". Patrick Blanc's long research has shown that soil does not play a decisive role for the plant kingdom. If there is enough water and minerals for them. There is no soil fog in the vertical garden project developed by Patrick Blanc. It was replaced by stone walls, pipes, moisture-proof layers.
A "green wall" or "vertical garden" is a vertical structure with live plants attached to a wall. It is equipped with automatic watering technology for plants and minimal human intervention. The average thickness of the "green wall" does not exceed a few centimeters, and a load of not more than 30 kg per 1 square meter.
In the period leading up to the implementation of the project and obtaining a patent, he conducted many experiments. As a result, the vertical garden project not only adds beauty to the facade of the building, but also improves the microclimate in cities and achieves energy savings. The results of the experiments revealed that the vertical garden cooled the air in the summer months and the building rooms retained significant heat in the winter. In addition, "green walls" play an important role in reducing the impact of problems in the cities listed above.
The Central Asian region is located in such a convenient place that you can meet mountains, hills, fields, deserts and rivers. Each has its own unique plant world. The number of plant species that grow under different conditions exceeds 3,700. More than 20% of them are endemic plants, which means that they are not found anywhere else.
Today, the "green wall" system extends from Europe to the CIS countries, including Uzbekistan, it is slowly entering as well. Such a system allows you to plant large-sized room flowers on a small wall surface. As a result, the flowers clean and cool the air in the room. With its convenience and compact size, it creates a beautiful landscape in any interior or exterior.
The "green walls" used in the exterior walls of buildings (Picture 1) on the one hand enhance the beauty of the building, on the other hand improve the microclimate of the surrounding area, clean the air, evoke closeness to nature, reduce noise. The "green walls" used in the indoor environment (Picture 2) add a unique charm to the room design, cool the air, relieve stress, create comfort, and have a positive effect on people's morale while increasing work efficiency.
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There are different laws and norms in urban planning and the construction of individual buildings. They change and improve over time in accordance with the requirements of the time. Based on the above considerations, it can be said that the introduction of a norm on the formation of the ecological environment of the building itself would be one of the important steps for the development of architecture and ecology of our country.
References and Internet publications:
1. "Strictly vertical" of the newspaper "Vedemosti" dated 10.22.2012, No. 200 (3214).
2. www. gazeta.uz"State Committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection was established
3. www.samuzinfo.net "the world of flora of Uzbekistan"
4. http ://orient-tracking.com "the world of flora of Uzbekistan"
"MnpoBaH HayKa" №6(39) 2020 science-j.com
