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death are present in children and adolescents with suicidal tendencies. They are characterized, for example, by fantasies that they will watch their funeral, listen to what friends and relatives will say about them ... By the way, the content of these fantasies often becomes valuable material that can give a lot of information about a situation prevailing in the life of a child or teenager. Grievances, fears of the child, unrecognized conflicts, etc. may become apparent in them. In the event that a suicide attempt is provoked by grief from the loss of a loved one, death can be perceived as reuniting with the deceased.
Suicide prevention. The "deceit" of suicide lies in the fact that it is often committed by people who do not talk about him, do not express such desires, do not reveal their inner feelings to others. Attempted suicide, as well as obsessive thoughts and desires to commit suicide, are an indication to go to a psychiatrist or psychotherapist. It is important that friends and relatives around a person give him support, acceptance and warmth, especially in difficult life situations.
Literature:
1. Antonyan Yu.M. Violence. Person. Society. M. 2001
2. Berdyaev H.A. About Suicide. M .: Publishing House of Moscow. University, 1992
3. Vagin I.O. Psychology of life and death. St. Petersburg, Peter, 2001
УДК 159.92
Sirazhiddinova Z.M.
Lecturer of the department "Pedagogy and Psychology ", TSGI FEATURES OF ADOLESCENTS SELF-RELATIONSHIP DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF PERCEPTION OF THE FAMILY SITUATION
Annotation: In this article, subjective fullness in adolescents of the concepts of "family well-being/ distress "
Keywords: Family, character, personality, teenager, self-consciousness
The problem of the formation of the personality of an adolescent is currently receiving a great deal of attention in society, due to the ambiguity and inconsistency of the manifestations of this age stage. Already in many journals and studies devoted to the study of the psychology of adolescents, the ambivalence of character traits and behavior of a child during this period is noted. As positive manifestations of this age, we can highlight the growth of a child's creative activity, which is reflected in literary, musical and artistic creativity, striving for achievements in the field of sports, educational activities, etc. However, despite the need to stimulate and support this category of adolescents, public attention is mostly drawn today to the negative side of a child's life at this age stage. We are talking about drug addiction, juvenile crime, suicide. The combination of positive and negative manifestations of the period of adolescence is associated with changes occurring in the adolescent's psychological world: the emergence of a conscious "I", the emergence of reflection, the intimization of the inner life, awareness of one's motives, the experience of moral conflicts and the
development of moral self-esteem. Due to the fact that in the modern period of development of society, the "problematic" aspects of growing up are becoming more common, there is a growing need to look for factors that influence the development of adolescent self-awareness, and methods of correcting effects that allow to maximize the impact of negative conditions.
As a factor that has the most significant impact on the development of self-consciousness of the individual, most psychologists point out the features of family relationships. The family is the social environment that surrounds a person throughout the formation of his self-consciousness, until he attains relative stability, often having both positive and negative effects on the development of his
In modern psychological science, much attention is paid to the study of the influence of the family on the development of the child's personality.
However, the problem of self-awareness in this context receives, as a rule, a rather narrow consideration. In particular, the most studied aspect today is the self-assessment of younger schoolchildren. In this regard, it is necessary to note that self-consciousness in its brightest form manifests itself precisely in the period of adolescence, being the main neoplasm of this stage.
Also, psychologists say that, as a rule, there is a comparison of objective indicators of the family situation (completeness / incompleteness of the family, type of parental relationship) with the characteristics of the child's personality. However, no less important in this case is the consideration of the problem of the family within the framework of the psychology of social situations.
The seminal situation, characterized by a combination of directives that the teenager needs, manifested in the form of moderate control, a warm positive attitude towards the child on the part of the parents, and the mutual interest of family members, is assessed by the teenager as prosperous. The decrease in the degree of satisfaction with the adolescent family situation is associated with the predominance of inconsistency in the educational methods of both parents and their rejection of the age characteristics of their child. The pronounced psychological discomfort in the family is a consequence of the excessive directiveness of one of the parents towards the adolescent or, on the contrary, lack of control on their part, as well as the lack of mutual interest among family members.
Features of the family situation of a teenager determine the specifics of the formation and meaningful content of his self-consciousness. In a favorable family situation, adolescents' self-awareness is characterized by a predominance of high, time-stable self-esteem, a corresponding level of aspirations, positive self-attitude, a positively colored image of "I" associated with a combination of friendliness and moderate authoritarianism. The decrease in the degree of satisfaction with the adolescent family situation is associated with the formation of a lower, unstable, but more mobile self-esteem, not corresponding to her high level of aspirations, less positively colored self-attitude and the "I" image, which includes a combination of both negative and positive tendencies ( selfish and altruistic,
friendliness and aggression). Under the conditions of pronounced family trouble, a lower or unstable self-esteem is formed in the adolescent, which does not correspond to her high level of aspirations, a more negative self-attitude and a negatively colored image of "I", characterized by a predominance of trends subordinated ™ and suspicion.
Among private self-assessments, individual parameters are most influenced by the family situation, intellectual qualities, somewhat less physical characteristics, and are least dependent on the nature of relations in the family self-assessment of personal qualities, since in adolescence they receive sufficient reinforcement outside the family.
Motivational conflict associated with the discrepancy between the "desired" and "valid" both at the level of external (family distress, material difficulties, difficulties in learning activities) and at the level of internal (self-doubt, negative self-attitude) factors in adolescents brought up in adverse conditions, contributes to the formation of a developed system of psychological defenses. The work of defense mechanisms in such adolescents prevents the development of reflection. In terms of psychological comfort in the family, the process of self-knowledge in adolescents is an incentive and the basis for the development of a positive self-concept. The decrease in the degree of family well-being is accompanied by the actualization of the reflexive processes of the negative sides of the self-concept and the stimulation of guilt feelings in adolescents. The low degree of self-confidence, the predominance of inadequately lowered self-esteem among adolescents who are brought up in conditions of family distress, impose restrictions on the sphere of contacts and create difficulties of social adaptation.
Regardless of the type of family situation in adolescents expressed the need for self-knowledge and the formation of positive self-attitude. Developed within the framework of this study, the program "Training of self-awareness of adolescents" allows us to trace the dynamics of the development of self-awareness and contributes to the expansion of the "I" sphere, the integration of ideas about yourself, and the development of positive aspects of I-concept of adolescents.
Literatures:
1. Agapov B.C. The formation of self-concept of personality: theory and practice. M., 1999
2. Buber I and You. -M .: High School, 1993
3. Leader AG Three modes of group psychological work with adolescents // Journal of practical psychologist 2000
4. Psychology of self-consciousness // ed. Raygorodsky D.Ya. Samara: Baharkh-M, 2000
