9Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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ENGLISH ROMANTICISM AND IT'S DEVELOPMENT
Manzura Maxmudjan kizi Xasanova
A student of Chirchik State Pedagogical University
ABSTRACT
This article is designed to provide general information about the Romantic era as a whole. It includes the beginning of the Romantic era, how it unfolded, and the poets who helped shape and define this period, as depicted in this article. Key figures such as William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Lord Byron played pivotal roles in shaping English Romanticism through their works, which often explored themes of beauty, imagination, and the divine in nature. The movement's development was influenced by societal changes, advancements in technology, and a desire to break free from traditional poetic norms.
Keywords: William Wordsworth, Samuel Coloridge, Romantiv era, Romantic Period, Robert Burns, Coloridge, English Romanticism
Introduction
English Romanticism stands as a pivotal movement in literary and artistic history, representing a profound shift in cultural sensibilities during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Characterized by an emphasis on emotion, imagination, and individualism, Romanticism challenged the rationality and order of the Enlightenment era. This period witnessed an exploration of nature, a fascination with the supernatural, and a celebration of the individual's inner world and subjective experience. The development of English Romanticism was influenced by various factors, including political and social upheavals, technological advancements, and a changing cultural landscape. Poets such as William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Lord Byron, among others, played a significant role in shaping the movement through their poetry, which often reflected themes of nature, beauty, and the sublime .As English Romanticism evolved, it diversified into different artistic forms, including not only poetry but also prose, drama, and visual arts. The movement's impact extended beyond literature, influencing music, painting, and philosophy, creating a rich tapestry of creative expression that continues to resonate in modern culture. In this exploration of English Romanticism and its development, we delve into the ideals, themes, and key figures that defined this transformative period in history, unveiling the lasting legacy of a movement that continues to inspire and captivate audiences worldwide.
The main part
Around the close of the 18th century, a literary, artistic, and intellectual movement known as romanticism emerged throughout Europe. Academics believe that
April 23-24, 2024
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti
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Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
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the Lyrical Ballads published by William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge in 1798 marked the start of the movement in England, and that Queen Victoria's coronation in 1837 marked its conclusion. Romanticism arrived in other parts of the English-speaking world later; in the United States, about 1820. " Due to the rapid rise of densely populated industrial centers and the depopulation of rural areas, England saw significant social transformation throughout the Romantic era (1798-1832). Two factors contributed to the mass migration of people in England: the Industrial Revolution, which created jobs "in the factories and mills, operated by machines driven by steam-power," and the Agricultural Revolution, which involved enclosures that forced laborers and their families off the land. "Romanticism can be viewed as a response to the Industrial Revolution, pushing back against both the aristocratic norms from the Age of Enlightenment and the scientific reduction of nature. The political ideology of many Romantic figures during this period was significantly shaped by the ideals of the French Revolution."
Romantic Period. Advocating spiritual and political liberation, Blake frequently entwined these themes in his compositions. While some of his poetic ventures predate the formal designation of the era, Blake is acknowledged as a trailblazer of the movement. Noteworthy among his creations are "Songs of Innocence" (1789) and "Songs of Experience" (1794), seminal collections that idealize childhood. In these poems, Blake juxtaposes the purity and creativity of youth against the grim realities of adulthood, particularly amidst the urban environs of London. Furthermore, his intricate illustrations accompany each poem, adding a visual element to his poetic works. In the initial phase of Romanticism, Robert Burns is hailed as a forerunner of the movement, despite his passing in 1796 predating the commonly recognized commencement of Romanticism.
"The unique characteristics and outlook of English Romanticism were not only influenced by their distinct qualities in response to the contemporary Enlightenment but also by their engagement with philosophical and aesthetic ideals. Romantics critiqued the optimistic Enlightenment beliefs in societal progress governed by rational laws. They reevaluated the human nature concept with a focus on emotion over rationality, imagination over reason, internal contradictions, perpetual longing, spiritual unrest, pursuit of the ideal, and a sense of alienation, recognizing the complexities of these human aspects.
The literary works of English Romantics depict life through fantastical, utopian, allegorical, and symbolic lenses, emphasizing the dramatic reinterpretation of national traditions and lyrical themes. Additionally, their educational aspirations are noteworthy, reflecting influential figures such as Byron, Scott, and Hazlitt."
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April 23-24, 2024
Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
Exploring the genre framework of Romanticism primarily involves various poetic forms such as lyrical poems, lyrical-epic and satirical pieces, philosophical works, poetic novels, and more. Within the realm of 19th-century realism, Sir Walter Scott notably contributed to the development of the novel genre. The emergence of Critical Realism in English literature in the 1830s and 1840s marked a significant literary trend, reaching its peak during the Chartist movement of the late 1840s.Critical Realism evolved by building upon the cultural achievements of earlier periods, assimilating elements from Romanticism while introducing new aesthetics that offered unique perspectives on depicting individuals and society. This literary movement focused on portraying characters intricately connected to their specific historical contexts, emphasizing their integration within the social fabric. Critical realists utilized historiography to illuminate societal laws and reveal the factors influencing individual destinies. Authors like Dickens, Thackeray, Bronte, and Gaskell skillfully integrated characters into the social structure of modern England, reflecting the evolving relationship between individuals and society in English art during the 19th century.
Conclusion
In conclude ,during the latter half of the 19th century, Realism emerged as a direct response to Romanticism, presenting itself as a contrasting viewpoint. This period marked a decline in the prominence of Romanticism, as it faced challenges from emerging cultural, social, and political movements that criticized the perceived fantasies and concerns of Romantic ideals. Despite the waning influence of Romanticism, its impact on Western civilization remains significant. Artists and thinkers continued to draw inspiration from Romanticism well past its peak, with many creating notable works under the labels of "Romantic", "neo-Romantic", and "post-Romantic", thus ensuring the enduring legacy of Romanticism even beyond the era itself. The development of English Romanticism was influenced by various social, political, and technological changes of the time, as well as a growing dissatisfaction with the constraints of traditional poetic forms. The publication of "Lyrical Ballads" by Wordsworth and Coleridge in the 1790s marked the beginning of English Romantic literature, introducing a new style of poetry that emphasized everyday language and themes relevant to ordinary people.
REFERENCES
1.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English
2. https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/iqro/article/download/537/602/554
3. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism
4. https://interonconf.org/index.php/usa/article/view/12902
5. https://cyberleninka.ru/ article/n/ingliz-she-riyatining-rivoj lanish-bosqichlari
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