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MEDICAL SCIENCES
EFFICIENCY OF PHYTOEKDYSTEROIDS ON IMMUNOGENESIS Shakhmurova G.A. (Republic of Uzbekistan) Email: Shakhmurova436@scientifictext.ru
Shakhmurova Gulnara Abdullaevna - DSc in Biological, Associate Professor, Head of the Department, DEPARTMENT METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING BIOLOGY, FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, TASHKENT STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER NIZAMI, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: individual and total ecdysteroidogenesis preparation from Silene viridiflora have the ability to enhance the process of the primary antibody productions, manifested by an increase in the number of spleen antibody-forming cells in response to immunization with sheep red blood cells, increases antibody titer in the blood, activates phagocytosis, increases the cellularity of the Central and peripheral immunity organs, stimulates Erythro -and leucopoiesis, increases the proliferative potential of hematopoietic stem cells in the spleen of mice.
Keywords: the phytoecdysteroids, immunogenesis, total ecdysteroids drug.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ФИТОЭКДИСТЕРОИДОВ НА ИММУНОГЕНЕЗ Шахмурова Г.А. (Республика Узбекистан)
Шахмурова Гульнара Абдуллаевна - доктор биологических наук, профессор,
заведующая кафедрой, кафедра методики преподавания биологии, факультет естественных наук, Ташкентский государственный педагогический университет им. Низами, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: индивидуальные и суммарные экдистероидтдержащие препараты из Silene viridiflora обладают способностью усиливать процесс первичного антителообразования, проявляющийся увеличением в селезенке числа АОК в ответ на иммунизацию эритроцитами барана, повышается титр антител в крови, активируется фагоцитоз, возрастает клеточность центральных и периферических органов иммунитета, стимулируется эритро- и лейкопоэз, повышается пролиферативный потенциал кроветворных стволовых клеток в селезенке мышей. Ключевые слова: фитоэкдистероиды, иммуногенез, суммарный экдистероидный препарат.
In recent years, the world has considerably increased interest in drugs which corrective processes of immunogenesis. Among them it emphasizes means having immunostimulating effect. This is due to the fact that they are increasingly used in clinical and sports-medical practice, since many diseases and all growing out athletic exercises are accompanied by disorders of the immune system and can lead to the development of secondary immunodeficiency states, which in turn is extremely negatively affects on the functional the status of the whole organism.
In Uzbekistan, after its independence, one of the priorities of social development was the creation of its own pharmaceutical industry. Among the problems in this area have become successfully solved problem of finding new effective development of immunomodulatory drugs, demand for which is growing. Preference is given to such
drugs, which besides immunocorrective properties exhibit the ability to affect positively on other variations in health status.
The purpose of this study is experimental evaluation of phytoecdysteroids derived from local herbs, as immunomodulatory agents in normal condition. In this paper examined phytoecdysteroids derived from local herbs at the Laboratory of glycosides' Chemistry of Plant Chemistry Institute of Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan named after Acad. S.Y. Yunusov. Individual compounds were presented a-ecdysone 2-deoxy-a-ecdysone, integristeronom A sileneozidami A and B, and turkesteronom ecdysterone derived from Rhaponticum integrifolium C. Wink; Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd) Iljin; Silene praemixta M. Pop; Silene brahuica Boiss; Ajuga turkestanica (Rgl.) Brig.
The total ecdysteroid preparations were derived from the same plants, but contain multiple biologically active compounds of this series. The total ecdysteroid drug was obtained from Silene viridiflora, which includes: ecdysterone, sileneozides A, D, B and polipodin et al. [2]. The total ecdysteroid containing drug was derived from Ajuga turkestanica, which included ecdysterone, turkesteron, tsiasteron et al. [4]. These total ecdysteroid-containing preparations we have conditionally named SEP-1, SEP-2 and SEP-3, respectively.
The number of antibody-forming cells (AFC) in the spleen of mice immunized with red blood cells of sheep, rats and hamsters was determined by the direct method of local hemolysis in the spleen [5]. The number of AFC in the spleen of chickens was determined according to the method described by I.A. Bolotnikov and Y.V. Konopatov (1987).
Analysis of the experimental data shows that investigated phytoecdysteroids, both individual and total ecdysteroid formulations exhibit significant immunostimulatory effects. Consistent with the selected methodology of the trial, we will explore the possibility of stimulating effect phytoecdysteroids on immunogenesis primarily focused on the severity under their influence the process of the primary antibody, manifested by an increase in the spleen of antibody-forming cells (as in the whole body, as well as 1 million. Splenocytes) secreting IgM in response to immunization with red blood cells of sheep. This process (varying severity) was identified in mice, rats, hamsters, and chickens. However, after all this severity action depended not so much on the type of animal, but also on the chemical structure of the compounds studied themselves, as revealed patterns of immunostimulatory effect for all living beings were, in principle, the same.
We noted that if the stereochemistry of a common steroid core taken in phytoecdysteroids experiment immunotropic their activity is largely differentiated by the number and location hydroxyl groups in the molecule. For example, if under the influence of ecdysterone immunostimulatory effect is quite effective, then a-ecdysone, devoid of the OH group at C-20, it was much weaker. We should also mention the importance of the actions for developing immunotropic phytoecdysteroids 2,3-diol system - if there was no connection hydroxyl group at C-2 (2-deoxy-a-ecdysone), its activity was shown even weaker than that of a-ecdysone. The immunostimulatory activity of integristeron A was weaker against the ecdysterone, which in contrast contains additional ip-hydroxy group. Sileniozid A and B, are glycoside derivatives of ecdysteroids, ecdysterone is also inferior in activity. The presence of the 11-hydroxy group in the molecule, renders the compound more pronounced activity than other compounds of this series, including ecdysterone. If we consider the increase in the synthesis of antibodies under the influence of a particular case phytoecdysteroids enhance the biosynthesis of protein macromolecules, it is quite understandable laws are identified in their action, i.e., viewed a similar effect in the study of protein-anabolic action of these compounds on the organism as a whole [3].
It should also be noted that the total ecdysteroid acting drugs tend to be more effective than the individual compounds. A very important indicator of changes in the body's immune system reactivity when administered phytoecdysteroids a significant increase under the influence of their cellularity of both central and peripheral organs of the immune system. Moreover fitoekdisterodami stimulation of proliferative activity in these organs was
characterized by the same laws of their action (structure-activity), and that in relation to the formation of AFC in the spleen and increasing titer of antibodies in the blood.
To summarize, we note that phytoecdysteroids (individual compounds and total ecdysteroid-containing preparations) exhibit in mammals (mice, rats, hamsters) and birds (chickens) normally expressed immunostimulatory effects. Under their influence, a process enhanced by the primary antibody, manifested by an increase in the spleen of the AFC in response to immunization with sheep red blood cells, increasing antibody titers in the blood, activates phagocytosis, increased cellularity central and peripheral organs of immunity, stimulates red blood and leucopoiesis, increased proliferative capacity of hematopoietic stem cells in the spleen of mice.
References in English / Список литературы на английском языке
1. Bolotnikov I.A., Konopatov Yu.V. Physiological and biochemical basis of immunity of agricultural birds / L.: Nauka. Leningrad Branch, 1987. 168 p. [in Russian].
2. Mamadalieva N.Z., Zibarova L.N., Saatov Z., Lafont R. Phytoecdysteroids Silene viridiflora // Chemistry of natural substances, 2003. № 2. С. 150-153 [in Russian].
3. Syrov V.N., Saatov Z., Sagdullaev Sh.Sh. Dependence of the structure-anabolic effect of phytoecdysteroids isolated from plants of the Central Asian region // Khimiko-pharmaceutical magazine, 2001. № 12. P. 23-27 [in Russian].
4. Usmanov B.Z., Gorovits M.B., Abubakirov N.K. Phytoecdisone Ajuga turkestanica III. The structure of turboceron // Chemistry of natural compounds, 1975. № 4. P. 466-470 [in Russian].
5. Jerne N.K., Nordin A.A. Plaque Formation in agar by single antibody producing cells // Science, 1963. V. 140. P. 405-407.
References / Список литературы
1. Блотников И.А., Конопатов Ю.В. Физиологические и биохимические основы иммунитета сельскохозяйственных птиц / Л.: Наука. Ленинградское отделение, 1987. 168 с.
2. Мамадалиева Н.З., Зибарова Л.Н., Саатов З., Лафонт Р. Фитоэкдистероиды Silene viridiflora // Химия природных веществ, 2003. № 2. С. 150-153.
3. Сыров В.Н., Саатов З., Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш. Зависимость структурно-анаболического эффекта фитоэкдистероидов, выделенных из растений Центральноазиатского региона // Химико-фармацевтический журнал, 2001. № 12. С. 23-27.
4. Усманов Б.З., Горовиц М.Б., Абубакиров Н.К. Фитоэксдизон Ajuga turkestanica III. Структура турбосерона // Химия природных соединений, 1975. № 4. P.466-470.
5. Jerne N.K., Nordin A.A. Plaque Formation in agar by single antibody producing cells // Science, 1963. V. 140. P. 405-407.
