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Rahimova X.R.
1st year master's degree Fine Arts and Applied Decoration Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami
EDUCATION OF STUDENTS IN THE SPIRIT OF PATRIOTISM IN THE PROCESS OF COMPOSITION
Annotation: This article highlights the importance of fine arts in educating students in the spirit of patriotism in the process of composition, instilling in them a love for the motherland.
Keywords: composition, fine arts, education system, patriotism, aesthetic and artistic taste, observation.
The fine arts are aimed at the harmonious development of artistic culture, which is an integral part of the spiritual culture of students, to acquaint students with our national heritage and universal values, to open a wide way for creativity. Its tasks include the development of students' artistic creativity, observation, initiative, patriotic spirit, independence, artistic and aesthetic taste, visual memory, imagination, visual skills, color perception and spatial imaginative thinking. It includes the ability to see the halls, to learn to read works of art.
Composition is derived from the Latin word "Kompositie", which means weaving, composing, placing, combining separate parts into a whole. The concept of composition is a very broad and meaningful one. It permeates all creative processes and forms the basis of almost all art forms. Elements of composition are present in music, theater, photography, literature, sculpture, and of course other fields related to the fine arts.
When we look at the qualities that make up the elements of composition, such as proportion, balance, and integrity, it is not difficult to see that they are present in every natural phenomenon. For example, when we see a simple tree, we are naturally impressed by its beauty. Because everything exists within certain principles and laws. The fact that their shape, size and structure are in harmony with each other indicates that there is a compositional proportion, a balance in the structure of the form. It is easier to understand many things if we apply this example to all objects in nature. This means that whatever the form and content of a composition, it is first and foremost a product of thought. It is good to understand this in terms of the nature of art. Because we have to distinguish between ready-made forms in nature and forms that are the object of artistic creation.
It is known that the concept of composition has general features related to all types of art, as well as specific features of each field. Studying and analyzing them in detail is important for the growth of students' creative activity. It is
natural that the study of composition is divided into theory and practice, and in order to master it well, it is necessary to understand and study the essence of theories and experiments created in this field not only for years but also for centuries. It is also important to be able to apply it in practice. It should also be borne in mind that a specialist in teaching in schools and educational institutions, an artist-educator must be fully armed with knowledge of composition. Because much of the process of teaching children the secrets of drawing is done in conjunction with the practice of thematic drawing.
It is known that through the word composition, artists understand the laws of interaction of all parts of a work of fine art. Some of these connections are, of course, visually perceived (quantitative), while others (qualitative) are perceived through perception, thinking. In the fine arts, composition is created by means of images such as pencil, shadow, color, air, and line perspective. The composition course plays an important role in the independent creative and pedagogical activity of students in figurative thinking. In pencil and color drawing, the artist directly refers to the basics of composition, without knowing its rules, does not understand the essence of composition, pencil image, painting.
They are specific, special tasks of fine arts:
❖ to teach to see, comprehend, understand and appreciate the beauties of being and art;
❖ development of aesthetic and artistic taste;
❖ expanding the scope of students' artistic thinking;
❖ development of artistic creativity and imagination;
❖ introduction to the theoretical foundations offine arts;
❖ creation of elements, skills in painting, sculpture, artistic construction;
❖ development of observation, visual memory, imagination, spatial and figurative imagination, abstract and logical thinking;
❖ to teach to read works of fine and applied architecture with understanding;
❖ to arouse interest in art, to teach to appreciate and love it.
❖ Additional tasks of fine arts classes:
❖ to help to know existence, life;
❖ realization of the ideology of national pride and national independence;
❖ morality to children (patriotic, international);
❖ work, physical education;
❖ sending students to various professions and trades.
Aesthetic perception, taste, understanding of the field, imagination and memory play an important role in the development of students. Cognition of being is usually carried out before the performance of thematic compositions, which involves the ability to see the elegance and beauty of nature and the environment, the use of impressions of perception in practical, artistic and creative activities. Also, during the trip to nature, if
necessary, some objects and events are sketched with the help of pencils, paints and other artistic materials.
In the process of observing nature and being, children are taught to love and care for it. It is explained to the children that some of their aspects of nature trips vary depending on the seasons. It also develops students' spatial perceptions and focuses on planned, linear and aerial perspectives. It is brought to the children's attention that the observation of a being is directly related to the visual creative activity, that it is impossible to perform high-quality descriptive work without knowing the existence.
In accordance with the tasks of cognitive training, it is planned to conduct the following trainings:
1. The study of the peculiarities of the nature of the seasons;
2. Get acquainted with the wonders of nature, spring and autumn.
As mentioned above, the purpose of such training is to know the
existence, the objects and events in it, their peculiarities, in particular, their structure, color, size, proportions, spatial conditions, their changes depending on the seasons. is to achieve. If it is not possible to observe the objects that need to be changed in nature, the teacher achieves his goal by showing children in the lesson reproductions, slides, photographs of works of art.
Compositional activity is divided into three parts according to its content:
1. Painting composition.
2. Decorative composition.
3. Sculptural composition.
The compositional activity aims to develop students' artistic and creative abilities, to express their thoughts and impressions in pictures, to develop artistic taste, to form a patriotic spirit in students. In fine arts, the reflection of being does not appear by itself. It began to take shape and develop with the advent of man. By the Middle Ages, it had reached its peak. Traitors will never come out of people who have a passion for art. Such people are ready to do everything possible for the future of the country and its prosperity. We are confident that they will be able to demonstrate their knowledge and intelligence.
References:
Kukiev Boburmirzo Bahodir Ugli, (2020) Problem-based learning technology in teaching auxiliary projection techniques. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(6), 917921.
Kokiyev Boburmirzo Bahodir ogli (2020). Present-day problems of drawing science. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences, 8 (4), 203-205.
