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УДК 33.658
Yoqubjonova H. Ya.
National University of Uzbekistan independent researcher ECOTOURISM IN THE ECONOMY OF THE REGIONS
Annotation: This article highlights the most important factors of ecotourism development in our country, particularly in the Fergana valley, and peculiarities of its effective use. It also highlights the importance of raising the living standards of local populations by developing ecotourism in the regions.
Keywords; tourism industry, ecotourism, tourism angle, ecotourism factors, ecoinfrastructure.
At the same time, the majority of the state budget is in the tourism sector. Here, we can bring countries in Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Europe, covering almost half of the tourist market. Today, the tourism industry is paying great attention to developing countries and developing every year. New Guinea, Solomon, Tango Laos, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Dominican Republic, Gambia, Ghana, and Zimbabwe. Tourism (Solidarity, Brunei, Lebanon, Cuba, Panama), Tourism Sector (Developing Countries With Foreign Investments Intensively Developing Ecotourism). Countries that attach great importance to the rapid development of tourism and ecotourism are Tuvalu, Fiji, Armenia, Bahrain, Indonesia, Cambodia, the United Arab Emirates, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, and Greece. We can also include our country in Uzbekistan:
"... economic growth means first of all construction and expansion of new enterprises, development of road transport, manufacturing and infrastructure, creation of new jobs, inflation and inflation, and employment of people ..." [1] Indeed, if we consider economic development as an example of tourism,
- construction of new tourist enterprises,
- Improvement of the road transport system,
- We can enter the world tourism market by producing the products.
- We can create new jobs by fully forming tourist infrastructure.
The President pays special attention to the development of the economy and the welfare of the people through the development of tourism in our country. For this purpose, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 2, 2016 "On measures to ensure dynamic development of the tourism
industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan" and the Decree "On the organization of the State Committee for Tourism Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan" were published.
It is also important in the Strategy for the five main priorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan: "Accelerated development of the tourism industry, enhancing its role and proportion in the economy, enhancing tourism quality and diversification and enhancing tourism infrastructure" and "providing people with a safe environment". tasks were identified.
While much attention is being paid to the development of tourism around the globe, and in our country, as this sector is at the strategic level, great attention is being paid to the development of other areas of its resources.
Especially when we talk about the Ferghana Valley, the mountains surrounding the Fergana valley, covering the Namangan, Andijan and Ferghana regions, block the cold and humid air. That's why the valley is hot and dry. The average temperature in winter is -20S. In summer, the weather is hot and dry. Temperature rises to +420 C.
When studying our country at the regional level, in the Ferghana Valley economic region, the valley is characterized by dense but unique nature, unique traditions and national dishes. Particular attention is paid to the development of beekeeping in the region, raising the number of rare species of fish in the region, especially in the Fergana valley, along the Syrdarya coast, in the woods, in the creation of large plantation plants for the cultivation of medicinal herbs. The total area of the "Central Ferghana" natural monument is 142.5 hectares, of which 122 hectares are covered with forested sands, 14 hectares of pastures, grain farms, lawns,
tamarisks, 6.5 hectares.....This rich flora and fauna can be used on a rational basis
for educational, aesthetic and tourist purposes. In addition, ecotouristic objects can be used as well as peaks and natural water basins. There are 21 state-owned springs in Uzbekistan, of which 2 are located in Uchkuprik and Rishtan. It is possible to make treatment and travel in Kuva and Akrabat, to sail on the mountain, to enjoy aesthetic pleasure in the garden of Besharyk and in Uzbekistan, Rishtan, Oltiariq, Kuva and Fergana districts. The list of ecotourisms includes also the Sarikurgan Boulevard, the Kitkontepa ravines, the Saurbulak, the Yomonjor and the ancient pistachios and the Akbilol caves.
There is also significant work in the Andijan region, including "fisheries" in Ulugnor district, treatment and recreation in sands in "Thermal Springs", Hodjaabad and Shakhrikhan districts of Jalalduk district. Bogishamol resort area is one of the largest eco-tourism areas in the region. In the region, ecotourism will be a good way to put into practice the existing modern practices in developed countries. Shirmonbulok in Bulakbashi district and Uchbulak in Baliqchi district. For those who love health, forest lovers can visit the Hanabad district. These sites are popular with unique tree species.
Specifically, in the case of Namangan, the high level of development of national crafts (Chust, Namangan), 80.3% of the region's gross domestic product, corresponds to smaller businesses [3], characterizes the high culture of horticulture
and cultivation has shown that there is sufficient ground for creating an ecotourism zone at the republican level, ie, surrounded by mountains. Sable springs, ore waters, are inevitable for tourists.
Only 160 m deep, potassium, calcium-rich mineral water in the Uchkurgan city, where the beautiful mountain landscape of Kyrgyzstan is visible, has a very beneficial effect on the treatment of gallbladder, liver disease. It produces 500 tonnes of healing, mineral water a year and makes a significant contribution to the economy of the district. When choosing the ecotourism zone, we have to choose such an angle or infrastructure to have a comprehensive ecosystem. In the Namangan region there are 86 water springs, 46 of which are located in the Fergana valley. And 40 of them belong to the Hydrogeological Pool of Chatkal and Kurama. The largest and most scientifically explored are the springs of Kengkul, the spring of Imam-Ata, located in the Parda Tursun recreation area, the springs of Mirzabad, Balikchi, Gova, Chust in Chust district, Gulbulak, Zarkent, Abdullo burials in Yangikurgan district , The Baliqli lake and the Milky Way springs or other name (Naomi bibi), located in the Chartak district. Among them, the largest of our region is the source of "Imam-ota". Visiting this pond site - domestic domestic tourism has been formed quite well throughout the country. But we intend to expand such sites and develop ecotourism at the international level in the future. Those who come to this area from now on are coming from different parts of the country, and the number of domestic ecotourists is increasing year by year because of the mountainous slopes and the clean air.
By analyzing the Georgian economy, about 50 international ecotourism sanitary zones have been built in the vicinity of mineral and thermal springs, which are a significant source of income for the Georgian economy.
Particularly in the Pop District of the region, when we receive a land area in terms of land area, it constitutes 39% of the Namangan region. 71 people per 1km2. The population is the rarest district. The most ecotourically compatible area in the area is Chodak. There is a unique eco-structure in the chandelier. The nature of the summer terrace in this hilly village attracts the inhabitants of the valley. During this period, the flow of tourists and tourists intensifies. The rod of the rod is known from ancient times in many parts of the world. Particularly, in Hermitage of Sankt-Peterburg ... In this village you can see both Kurama and Chotqoldek - two mountains at one time. It is also characterized by the nature of Botir bush, Mayda millet, Chigangak, Nayman, Besh Sori, 10 km from the center of the district, and the abundance of green areas full of melons and gourds. Local people use horses and donkeys as vehicles. Beef, shellfish is well developed. In the center of the village of Chigangak there is a large "melon number". Local residents grow melon mainly "Bosvoldi". Among the melons grown in these villages, melons of "Five Sari" are distinguished by its peculiarity and value. This is because the peculiarity of the village is that the melon is matured by the moistening of the earth without irrigation. The taste is unusual, the tongue.
As we point out, the melon has a lot of healing properties, only 13% of people worldwide suffer from kidney abnormalities today. [4] Our environmentally
friendly melons are recognized by the residents of Switzerland, France, Korea, Japan and the appetizer and renal stones in the kidneys [5]. The material and social condition and life of the rural population are largely due to the establishment of horticulture, farming and fisheries. The ground nuts, which occupy a few tens of hectares of land belonging to a rare fruit-bearing plant, are of special importance.
Human beings are also influenced by nature. Natural sediments such as high mountains, beautiful gardens, rivers and canals, poultry and animals, snow and rainfall produce specific positive changes in the human body. Therefore, Plato, Aristotle, Abu Ali Ibn Sina and other philosophers have preferred to treat some diseases in nature scenes, pure nature. Their experiences show that being in the vast pastures of various beaches, holidays, celebrations, and hunting and wildlife, opens up the human language and creates them with love for life. Taking this into account, we believe that the region will serve as an important basis for the development of ecotourism and its further construction, the region's economy will be the source of revenue generation and the population's creativity, and the growing younger generation to love their country.
The needs of the population in the region as well as the need for melons in neighboring regions are largely met by those regions. Another noteworthy aspect is that roadside components of rural areas are still not populated by local residents. In the long term, we consider it appropriate to build special roads for hiking, horseback riding, and hiking. As we study the experience of Spain, a leading state in tourism, they are organizing special courses for horseback riding in the development of ecotourism.
Tugai woods occupying 1000 hectares of land that unite their villages serve as an important factor in the development of the region's economy in the future. The importance of forests enrichment with oxygen is also significant, and forests are also wooden floors. In oriental forests, orchards, cypresses, peaches, poplars, birchs, hawks, orchards grow in orchid and curative trees. There are wild animals such as wolves, foxes, rabbits, tuscovukes, hedgehogs. In Tokay forests, raising the economic situation of the local population in the regions, "we believe that a network of international financial institutions and wide-scale development of ecological tourism ... [6] can be considered."
Continuing our scientific researches, as a visitor to the village of Nanay, located in the Pakhtachi recreation center in Turakurgan district, Yangikurgan district, on July 22, 2018, according to a survey carried out by every tourist, 91% of those who come to rest are clean and pure we have come to the air. Therefore, the key issue in ecotourism is to restore health. During the visit of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic A.Atambaev to our country on October 5, 2017, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan A.Atambaev stated that "at the initiative of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, historical borders of the state border have been established, and opening of a number of border posts is a great opportunity for friendly relations between the two sincere people ..." [7] In the mahalla of Nanay, Yangikurgan District, attracting the ecotouristic corner of the Mamay, the Red Sea, the Kok-Koy, and attracting foreign tourists to the region, it is possible to develop
it.
In order to develop tourism in the country's flooded areas, a special resolution was issued to establish family hotels, and accordingly, the total number of family hotels currently operating is increasing. The purpose of these family hotels in mountainous regions is that our world's tourists are not indifferent to our true Uzbek traditions, hospitality, national dishes, and clean nature. Located in the vicinity of the Nanay Village, more than 20 local residents serve at least a few thousands of domestic tourists annually.
For the intensive development of ecotourism in these regions at the international level:
- It is necessary to develop projects for sustainable tourism development. It is necessary to develop the projects on attraction of external ecotourists, directing the proceeds from tourism.
We believe that ecotourism objects are most appropriate for local people, especially given the fact that they are built in nature and in rural areas.
Nowadays, we have cities such as Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva, Shakhrisabz, which serve the service providers of our country, who travel to our country, but we use the potential and natural resources of the "tourist corner" with eco-tourism facilities, It is possible to create in the Fergana valley.
References:
1. An analysis of the effectiveness of the set targets for the development of the economy. President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoev is completing the work on increasing the state budget revenues on September 12, achieving macroeconomic indicators for the 9 months and the year, accelerating the introduction of clusters in the cotton-textile sector. People's word. September 13, 2018, № 189 (7147)
2. The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017 "On the Strategy for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan" No. UP-4947.
3. Final data of Namangan Regional Statistical Committee - N; 2017 y. 4. World Health Organization data 2017.
4.Preparations of Comprehension / Prepared by translators, interpreters and indicators M.Hasaniy / - T.: Ibn Sino, 1990.-153
5. Decree OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN, PF-5041 on Establishment of the State Committee for Forestry of the Republic of Uzbekistan, May 11, 2017
6. People's Word, October 6, 2017, № 201 (6895) A.Samadov, our people are satisfied with the current level of relations between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.
7. O.Boyturaev., H. Yakubjonova, Prospects of tourism industry development in Uzbekistan. Scientific-Technical Bulletin of NamTI, 2016 № 2.
