CC BY
48
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/AJT-17-1.2-55-58
Salahov Timur Zufarovitch, Ufa state aviation technical university, postgraduate student, the Faculty of aviation technologic system E-mail: Tim-DoctorD@yandex.ru Migranov Mars Sharifullovitch, Ufa state aviation technical university, professor, the Faculty of aviation technologic system Nigmatullin Rashit Gajazovich, Manager of Company "Himmotolog", Ufa state aviation technical university, professor, the Faculty of aviation technologic system Hamidullin Ruslan Galeevitch, director of Company "GasAutoCentre-Ufa"
Economic calculation of efficiency of introduction of the gauge of deterioration and temperature in the car engine
Abstract: The deterioration and temperature gauge allows:
- to reveal lacks at an early stage;
- to supervise temperature in oil-filled units;
- to supervise deterioration under the maintenance of particles of deterioration in oil-filled units;
- to fix a current condition of knots of a friction;
- to store in memory of the computing block the information in the form of tables and schedules of concentration of particles of deterioration depending on time;
- to predict and give out recommendations about terms of replacement of greasing and to carrying out of repair work;
- to save the finance.
Keywords: economic calculation, deterioration, a friction, the analysis of oil, an expenditure of labour, engine repair.
Introduction The gauge of products of deterioration has already
The analysis of a technical condition of the equip- proved the efficiency: during tests the raised maintenance ment is based on equipment diagnostics under the anal- of particles of iron in a distributing box that has proved ysis of lubricant working in it [1]. In article economic to be true results of the analysis трансмиссионного oils calculation of cost of introduction of the gauge of de- on spectrometer OSA MetalLab has been revealed. The terioration and temperature in the engine of the car the device is patented, has successfully passed bench tests, Gazelle and its comparison with existing service in the and also operational tests for car «Gazelle». conditions of real use is resulted. Research technique
Question condition For economic benefit calculation used the formula:
Data from the device on wireless communication ЕЕ = Е- Е- C, (1)
у у nc f 4 '
BlueTooth are transferred to phone or a tablet where where: Ey — annual economy, or results which are
the owner can see data on a current condition of knots reached as a result of concrete activity; of a friction, schedules of concentration of particles of Enc — standard effectiveness ratio; a constant which
deterioration depending on time, the forecast and rec- depends on a concrete field of activity (0.15); ommendations about terms of replacement of greasing C — expenses for concrete activity for which eco-
and to carrying out of repair work. nomic benefit is counted up.
Annual economic benefit represents an absolute indicator of efficiency. The system is considered effective, if 0.
In the given work we will consider economic benefit of the gauge of speed of deterioration. As an example we take car "Gazelle".
Data for calculation of efficiency of the gauge of deterioration are resulted in the appendix 9.
To calculate economic benefit, it is necessary to count economy from acquisition of the gauge of deterioration. For this purpose it is necessary to count a difference between mid-annual expenditures of labour on THAT (with cost of materials in a usual mode of operation of the car without the deterioration gauge) and mid-annual expenditures of labour on THAT (with cost of materials in a mode of operation of the car with the deterioration gauge). We will receive:
1) 2500 - 1700 = 800 rbl.;
2) 2100 - 1400 = 700 rbl.;
3) 550 - 370 = 180 rbl.;
4) 450 - 300 = 150 rbl.;
5) (11000 + 3000 + 450) - 250 = 14 200 rbl.;
6) 800 + 700 + 180 + 150 + 14200 = 16 030 rbl.
Annual economy at acquisition of the gauge of speed
of deterioration:
- Cost of expenses for engine oil has decreased on 800 rbl.;
- Cost of expenses on трансмиссионное oil has decreased on 700 rbl.;
- Expenses for replacement of filters have decreased on 180 rbl.;
- Expenses for replacement of a cooling liquid — on 150 rbl.;
- Diagnostics and repair of the engine, distributing box is not required, as the deterioration gauge reveals defects at an early stage. Economy 14 200 rbl.
Total: 16 030 rbl.
For an indicator of expenses for concrete activity for which economic benefit is counted up we take cost of two gauges of deterioration with the computing block — 16 000 rbl.
Let's calculate economic benefit:
Е = 16 030 rbl. - 0.15 • 16000 rbl. = 13 360 rbl.
c
It is important to notice, that after installation of gauges oil and filters vary in 1.5 times less often, the indicator of an average resource of the engine increases in 1.5 times, the indicator of an average resource of a distributing box increases by 50 000 km.
Economic benefit calculation in this case is calculated approximately as it is impossible to foresee exact
expenditures of labour on THAT, all depends on the different situations, different ecological, economic and other factors. Despite it, the deterioration gauge has a considerable indicator of economic benefit.
Having calculated economic benefit of the gauge of speed of deterioration it is possible to draw a conclusion, that this very favourable acquisition. Often enough there are breakages of the car owing to various factors, but the gauge of speed of deterioration allows to prevent them, is simple in application, is patented, has passed operational tests, its price corresponds to expected result.
In the present diagnostic device is in a transitive stage between individual and small-scale manufacture. Manufacturing of computing blocks is put on a stream — in them standard elements are used. Gauges demand an individual approach in connection with distinctions in a design of units of technics of different manufacturers. However in process of accumulation of experience of manufacturing of gauges for the different technics it will be possible to reduce the nomenclature to several types of the gauges divided on the landing sizes. The software already possesses all base functions (the conclusion of results of measurements, construction of schedules), is conducted work on optimisation of the interface and addition of new functionality.
The market is presented by two basic segments are large consumers (the industrial enterprises, motor-vehicle pools, etc.) and private consumers (automobile owners and the small enterprises where the technics with oil-filled units is used). Both segments are stable enough, in long-term prospect the small tendency to growth is observed.
In the foreign market there are manufacturers of similar devices, for example Gill Sensors and Controls, however in the Russian market there is no offer of their production.
At the Russian enterprises and in motor-vehicles of system of monitoring behind a condition of knots of a friction now are not used. There is a potential competitor — Open Company «ММК» with workings out «VECTOR» and «АИДА», however these workings out are not introduced now in manufacture.
The above-stated problem has laid down in a basis of statement of a problem on search of innovative decisions for decrease in expenses for service of objects of thermal power station.
Comparison of technical and economic characteristics (including quantitative, qualitative and cost characteristics of production) the created product with foreign and domestic analogues (table 1).
Table 1. - Comparison of technical and economic characteristics with analogues
Technical and economic parametres of a product Analogue 1 — the VECTOR Analogue 2 — АИДА Analogue 3 — Condition Monitoring Sensor The created product — the gauge of speed of deterioration
1. Definition of weight of particles of iron in mg. Yes No Yes Yes
2. Definition of weight of nonferrous metals in mg. Yes No No The heuristic
3. The division price G.l mg. No 1 mg. 0.1 mg.
4. A range G-2GG mg. «Norm»/«Above norm» 0-500 mg. 0-100 mg.
5. Connection to other devices Wire, USB No Wire, USB Wireless, Bluetoth
6. Complexity of a design of the gauge The high There is no information The high The low
7. Cost It is not made It is not made £350-£570 (35 000-57 000 rbl.) 12 500 rbl.
Table 2. - Data for calculation of efficiency of the gauge of deterioration.
The name If-chestvo Cost (rbl.)
Cost of the car the Gazelle 4 x 4 l 7GG GGG
The engine the Gazelle l 8б GGG
Distributing box l 1З GGG
Engine oil l 9GG
Transmission oil l lGGG
Cooling liquid l 350
The filter oil l 350
The filter air l 16GG
Crankshaft l 70 GGG
Sliding bearings l 1200
Tsilindro-piston group l SGGG
Differential of a distributing box l 2000
Bearings Rolling l 1200
Epiploons l б00
Two gauges of deterioration with the computing block l 1б GGG
Mid-annual expenditures of labour on THAT with cost of materials in a
usual mode of operation of the car without the deterioration gauge (aver-
age data of the car the Gazelle for 5 years): - replacement motor (through 10 000 km) and transmission oils (through 40 000 km); - replacement of 011 and air filters; - replacement of a cooling liquid; - diagnostics of the 2GGGGG km of lSGGGG km 2SGG 2100 SSG 4SG 4SG 11000З000
engine; - repair of the engine; - repair of a distributing box; the Average resource of the engine; the Average resource of a distributing box
Mid-annual expenditures of labour on THAT with cost of materials in a
mode of operation of the car with the deterioration gauge: - replacement
motor (through 15 000 km) and transmission oils (through 60 000 km); - replacement of oil and air filters; - replacement of a cooling liquid;- diagnostics of the engine;- repair of the engine;- elimination of the found out 300GGG km of 2GGGGG km 1700 1400 З70 З00 — -2SG
defects at an early stage; the Average resource of the engine; the Average
resource of a distributing box
In comparison 3 analogues were used:
1. Device «VECTOR», developed Open Company «ММК» (Russia)
2. Device «АИДА», developed Open Company «ММК» (Russia)
3. Condition Monitoring Sensor 4212, realised Gill Sensors and Controls (Great Britain). Cost is resulted for variants Standard and Industrial.
In previous years in a thermal power station segment high investment activity is noted. For example, in an oil refining segment, according to Ministry for the Power Generating Industry, according to 18 quadrilateral agreements signed between the oil companies, ФАС, Ростехнадзором and Росстандартом, is provided to reconstruct 34 and to construct 99 technological installations. In total on 133 installations by the oil companies it is planned 1.9 bln. rbl. in the prices of 2014 To the beginning of 2016 the given plan it is executed on 50 %, many enterprises successfully modernised existing and have placed in operation new manufactures, having equipped new modern, including the dynamic equipment.
Discussion of results
In the conditions of falling of oil quotations and exchange rate growth, in a segment of thermal power station of the Russian Federation reduction of profitableness of the enterprises is marked and sharply there is a problem of optimisation of expenses for equipment service, that along with problems of the government of the Russian Federation on import substitution, defines high solvent demand for innovative, effective, domestic systems of diagnostics for maintenance of working capacity and safety operating fire and explosion hazard manufactures.
By the present moment there are 9 contracts on delivery of 70 measuring blocks with gauges and in addition 96 gauges for a total sum of 1 538 600 roubles, and also 2 letters on intention of acquisition of 27 measuring blocks with gauges for a total sum of 337 500 roubles.
In the domestic market and in the CIS countries the offered product will make a confident competition to import analogues for the account considerably smaller cost,
and also decrease in expenses for delivery and customs registration.
The batch production organisation will draw possible a conclusion of production to the world market. The factors positively influencing competitiveness in the foreign markets — low cost of the device (owing to smaller complexity a design of the gauge, smaller in comparison with the countries of Europe in cost of a labour) at preservation of technical characteristics.
Conclusions
Thus strategy of advancement of a product on the market includes 3 stages:
1) the Exit on the market of the industrial enterprises, with priority orientation to the thermal power station enterprises. Individual and small-scale manufacture has allowed to begin work with the separate organisations, with device completion according to wishes and requirements of customers. In process of expansion of the covered market and experience accumulation gradual transition to serial release of universal devices will be carried out. Advancement methods: participation of the company in actions of industrial subjects (forums, conferences), offers to heads of factories and responsible for a condition of technopark, the publication and advertising in trade magazines, participation in actions petrochemical territorial кластера Republics Bashkortostan.
2) the Exit on the market of motor transport and professional motor-vehicles. In process of adjustment of a batch production cost of the gauge of speed of deterioration will decrease, that will raise its appeal to more and more wide range of automobile owners. Advancement methods: advertising in newspapers and magazines of automobile subjects, advertising at forums of motorists and contextual advertising in a network the Internet, Internet shop creation, cooperation with car repair shops and shops of autospare parts.
3) the Exit on the foreign markets. At this stage well debugged manufacture, flexible enough to adapt production under foreign standards will matter. Advancement methods — similar to methods of first two stages, but already for the foreign markets.
References:
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2. The Analysis of results of tests of oils in the engine taking into account an estimation of their quality in laboratory conditions/And, B. Vipper, V. L. Lahshi/^BHraTeAecrpoeHne. - 1979. - № 9. - P. 58-59.
3. The Condition, problems and development prospects tribological aspect energy saving in engine building/With. V. Putintsev//News of high schools. Mechanical engineering. - 1995. - № 10-12. - P. 71-79.
