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1УДК 33 Owezberdiyeva A., Tairov A., Orazberdiyev S.
Owezberdiyeva A.
Teacher of the Department of Economic management in enterprises Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Tairov A.
Student Faculty of Economics and Management Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Orazberdiyev S.
Student Faculty of Economics and Management Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
CERTIFICATION AS A TOOL TO ENSURE PRODUCT QUALITY AND COMPETITIVENESS
Аннотация: this article provides a brief overview of how Certification ensures product quality and competitiveness. It also discusses compliance and self-certification.
Ключевые слова: economics, management, business economics, certification, quality indicators, competitiveness.
In the conditions where the role of non-price competition in product markets is increasing, potential consumers are more and more demanding regarding the quality of products and services, information about them should be objective and accurate. Product certification provides certain guarantees to the consumer regarding its quality.
In Chile, there is a government program to help small and medium-sized businesses get certified in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 9000 standard. According to this program, about 25 thousand of the 100 thousand medium-sized enterprises of Chile received international certificates. The government funded 50% of the certification costs, and the company paid the remaining 50%. In this case, the budget funds were paid directly to the international certification agency, not to the applicant company itself.
Certification is carried out by the certification body as a form of confirmation of the object's compliance with the requirements of technical regulations, the provisions of standards or the terms of contracts. Eligibility verification is done for the following purposes:
- confirmation of conformity of products (works, services and other objects), production processes, use, storage, transportation, placement and recycling to technical regulations, standards, terms of contracts,
- to help consumers choose products (works, services),
- increasing the competitiveness of products (works, services) in the markets,
- to ensure the free transfer of goods across the country, as well as to create conditions for international economic, scientific and technical cooperation and international trade.
In international practice, certification as confirmation of conformity is voluntary or mandatory and is carried out in the following ways:
Self-certification (first-party certification). The manufacturer (seller) takes full responsibility for the quality of the product. A statement is filled out and it states that the product and the quality management system meet the requirements of the criteria (standards, technical conditions, norms, specifications, etc.). Relevant documents are attached for possible analysis by consumers or third parties. Second Party Certification. It is transferred to its suppliers by the buyer, by the customer, and also by the company that manufactures the end product. It is often used for large-scale, difficult-to-transport products and when the quality management system of the supplier is certified.
Third Party Certification. Such assessments are carried out by competent independent bodies. Choosing the type of certification depends on its necessity. In international practice, mandatory certification, as a rule, is carried out by a third party, while voluntary certification can be used in various ways. Voluntary confirmation of eligibility requires, respectively, voluntary certification. Products (works, services) for which certain requirements are set in standards, voluntary certification systems and agreements, and the processes of their production, use, storage, transportation, disposal and recycling are objects whose conformity is voluntarily certified. Mandatory confirmation of conformity is carried out in the form of acceptance of the declaration of conformity (hereinafter, the declaration of conformity) and mandatory certification. Mandatory approval of suitability is carried out only in the cases specified in the relevant technical regulations and only in respect of compliance with the requirements of the technical regulations. Only products released for circulation within the country can be subject to mandatory certification of conformity.
The form and samples of the mandatory verification of suitability can only be specified by the technical regulation, taking into account the level of risk, if the objectives of the technical regulation cannot be achieved.
Declaration of Conformity and Certificate of Conformity have equal legal force and are valid in all parts of the country, regardless of the mandatory confirmation of conformity.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Law of Turkmenistan "On State Support of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs". - Ashgabat, 2009;
2. Law of Turkmenistan "On Enterprises". - Ashgabat, 2000
