CC BY
116AN'ANAVIY IJROCHILIK SAN'ATINING HOZIRGI DAVR MUAMMOLARI
Madina Nasretdinova Dilshod Toshaliyev Durdona Raimjon qizi
Murodova
Farg'ona davlat universiteti ANNOTATSIYA
Ushbu maqolada o'tmish bastakorlari o'zbek mumtoz musiqasining maqom va maqom yo'llariga hos musiqiy namunalarni yaratib, doimo musiqa merosini, yangi-yangi kuy va ashulalar bilan to'ldirib, boyitib kelganliklari, har bir davrda, o'z zamonasini kuylagan, jozibali go'zal kuy ashulalar dunyoga kelgani, ularni ijro etgan xonandayu-sozandalar ham mashxur bo'lganlari haqida fikr yuritiladi.
Kalit so'zlar: nazzora qil, ey sabo, guluzorim qani, kezarman, qadimgi ushshoq
KIRISH
Ma'lumki XX asrning birinchi yarmida bastakorlik ijodida zamonaga mos yangi yo'nalishdagi kuy va ashulalar yaratishga juda katta e'tibor qaratildi. To'xtasin Jalilov, Yunus Rajabiy, Imomjon Ikromov, Faxriddin Sodiqov, Muhammadjon Mirzayev kabi bastakorlar ijodi bunga yorqin misol bo'la oladi. Ijrochilik jarayonida esa Faxriddin Sodiqov, Rihsi Rajabiy, Turg'un Alimatov, Saidjon Kalonov, Mahmudjon Muxammedov, Komiljon Jabborov va G'anijon Toshmatov, kabi bir qator moxir sozandalar va Jo'raxon Sultonov, Ma'murjon Uzoqov, Komiljon Otaniyozov, Fattoxxon Mamadaliyev, Ochilxon Otaxonov, Orifxon Xotamov, Rasulqori Mamadaliyev, Ortiqxo'ja Imomxo'jayev, Saodat Qobulova kabi betakror xonandalar yetishib chiqqan va ular doimo el ardog'ida bo'lganlar.
NATIJALAR
Yangi asrning ilk yillarida an'anaviy musiqa san'atimiz rivojlanmagan deyolmaymiz lekin, ayrim jihatlarga e'tibor berish lozimki bular musiqa merosimizning uch yo'nalishini tahlil qilib ko'rilganda yaqqon seziladi. Ya'ni xonandalik, sozandalik va bastakorlik.
Musiqa san'atining ijrochilik mezoni ijro amaliyotida sezilarli darajada rivoj topayotganligini kuzatish mumkin. Birirnchidan: yosh avlodni an'anaviy ijroga bo'lgan qiziqishi ortdi. Hozirgi "ommaviy madaniyat"ning yoshlar o'rtasida o'ziga hos ta'siri ketayotgan bir paytda, yoshlar orasida an'anaviy musiqani maromiga yetkazib ijro etadigan yosh avlod vakillari shakllandi va ular o'z faoliyatlari bilan xalqimizga xizmat qilib kelmoqdalar.
O'tmish ustozlarning xonandalik an'analari, chiroyli tik ovoz, ma'noli va bilimli talqin bilan amalioyotda o'zlarini namoyon etib kelganlar. Hoji Abdulaziz Abdurasulov, Domla Halim Ibodov, Xojixon Boltayev, Mulla To'ychi Toshmuhammedov, Jo'raxon
Sultonov, Ma'murjon Uzoqov kabi ustoz san'atkorlar ijro an'analari, mumtoz xonandalik an'analari namunasi sifatida bizning avlodga yetib kelgan. Hozirgi yoshlar ham ushbu san'atni qizg'in holda o'zlashtirishlari quvonarli hol. Ayniqsa, yoshlarning mukammal ovoz talqini va mumtoz musiqiy merosni ustozona shaklda talqin etayotganliklari va bunga katta ahamiyat berayotganliklari e'tirofga loyiq. Bularning natijasi ham iqtidorli xonandalar misolida namoyondir.
Bir qarashda an'anaviy ijrochiliik san'ati bir meyorda qadam tashlab, rivojlanib bormoqda desak ham bo'ladi. Lekin, mumtoz musiqaning shakllanish jarayonidagi tamoyillar, qoidalar uning rivojiga o'z ta'sirini ko'rsatishi kerak. Merosni amaliy o'zlashtirish va ijodiy yondoshish yaxshi an'ana, lekin buning o'zi yetarli emas. Chunki o'tmish ustozlari o'zlarining ijrochilik yutuqlari bilan birga musiqiy merosni teran anglab, diniy-falsafiy tahlil eta olganlarlar. Buning natijasida ijro namunalarini tinglovchiga ta'sirli yetib borishi va musiqiy savodxonlik yuqori darajada rivojlanib borishiga erishganlar.
Ijod, zamonni aks ettiruvchi mezon hisoblanadi.[1,34] Har bir zamonda musiqiy meros o'ziga hos zamonaviy asarlar bilan boyib kelgan. Ana shu yaratilgan asarlar shu zamonni kuylagan. Bunday musiqalarni shu zamonning moxir sozanda va xonandalari yaratganlar. Musiqiy savodi yuqori, bilimli, musiqa fani bilan bir qatorda tarix va adabiyotni chuqur egallagan ustozlarning o'z zamonasi uchun ijod etgan namunalari ham shunga yarasha o'lmas navolarga aylangan.
Demak, an'anaviy xonandalik san'ati rivoji nafaqat musiqiy merosni zamon talabida ijro etish balki talqin qila olish, ya'ni tushunish va tushuntirib bera olish bilan rivojlanadi. Buning uchun musiqiy merosni o'rganish bilan birga yangi namunalarni yaratishda nazariy bilimlarga tayanish, saviyasi baland, chuqur ma'noga ega, falsafiy negizli asarlar ijod etish lozimdir.
Oldingi avlod ijodiga nazar solsak To'xtasin Jalilov, Komiljon Jabborov, G'anijon Toshmatov, Nabijon Hasanov, Imomjon Ikromov, Muhammadjon Mirzayev, Jo'raxon Sultonov, Doni Zokirov, Fattoxxon Mamadaliyev, Orifxon Xotamov kabi yetuk sozanda va xonandalar bastakorlik amallari bilan yangi asarlar yaratganlar. "Etmasmidim", "Nazzora qil", "Yolg'iz", "Ey Sabo", "Guluzorim qani?", "Kezarman", "Qadimgi ushshoq", "Dardu-dilim", "Qoshi yo sinmu deyin" va boshqalar. Bu ro'yxatni yana davom ettirish mumkin. Bular o'z zamonasining shoh asarlaridir. Bu musiqiy namunalar nafaqat xonandalar tomonidan balki, barcha chol'gu sozlarda, orkestr va turli ansambllar talqinida sadolangani barchaga ma'lum. Ularni har bir ijro namunasi o'ziga hos jozibada yangrashi, asarni yangi qirralarini ochib beradi. Shu o'rinda aytish mumkinki mumtoz musiqa namunalarini nafaqat milliy chol'gu sozlarida balki sharq mamlakatlari musiqa asboblari va jaxon estrada cholg'ularida ham professional (buzmasdan) ijro etishni qo'llab-quvatlash sohaning rivoji uchun xizmat qiladi.
MUHOKAMA
Hozirgi davrda biz uchun bir maktab hisoblanmish Shavkat Mirzayev, O'lmas Rasulov, Abduhoshim Ismoilov, Abdulahad Abdurashidov, Mahmudjon Tojiboyev, Mashrab Ermatov va Erkin Ro'zimatov ijodiy faoliyatlari ham har tomonlama ibratlidir. Ularni samarali faoliyatlariga hurmatni saqlagan holda shuni aytish kerakki, baribir zamonani to'laqonli ifodalovchi, tinglovchini tafakkurga chorlovchi kuylar yoki ashulalar yetishmayotgandek. Yaratilayotgan asarlar ko'p lekin, mumtozona darajaga munosib ijod mahsullari juda kam.
Shularni inobatga olib, o'zbek musiqasining bugungi kundagi to'laqonli rivoji uchun nimalarga e'tibor berish lozim? Yosh ilmiy izlanuvchi sifatida mulohazalarimiz quyidagicha:
• Musiqiy merosni zamonga mos, texnika davri bilan hamomang talqin qilish, rivojlantirish.
• Adabiyotning nazm qonuniyatlarini yaxshi o'zlashtirib, ijodda qo'llash. Falsafiy tafakkurni badiiy ijodga singdirish.
• Teatr, kino va ommaviy tadbirlarda Mumtoz musiqa namunalarini qo'llash. Milliy musiqamizni dunyoga tanitishnig eng maqbul yo'li albatta sifatli kinofilmlar suratga olib, ularni ovozlashtirishda mumtoz musiqamizdan foydalanish.
XULOSA
Yoshlarimiz musiqiy merosimizni amaliy ijro namunalarini o'zlashtirayotganliklari quvonarli hol. Maqsadimiz musiqiy savodli, ijro etayotgan asarini tub mohiyatini anglay oladigan va tinglovchiga yetkazib beradigan ijrochilar ko'paysin. Xalqaro festivallar va kino filmlarda yangraydigan milliy musiqamizdan butun dunyo xabar topsin, bahramand bo'lsin.
REFERENCES
1. Durdona, M. (2021, May). ABOUT DUTOR AND HIS PERFORMANCE. In Archive of Conferences (Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 29-31).
2. Murodova, D. (2021). Scientific And Theoretical Aspects of Musical Thinking. Zien Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 196-199.
3. Nasritdinova, M., & Khokimova, K. (2021, October). LANGUAGE IS THE MIRROR OF THE NATION. In Archive of Conferences (pp. 92-94).
4. Nurmamatovich, D. S. (2022). The Role of Modern Technologies in the Learning Process. Journal of Ethics and Diversity in International Communication, 1(8), 6-9.
5. Nurullayevna, N. M., & Muhlisa, T. (2021, December). SOME PROBLEMS AND SHORTCOMINGS IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM. In Archive of Conferences (pp. 61-62).
6. Nurmuhammadovich, R. O., & Nurullaevna, N. M. (2021). Social And Spiritual Importance of Lessons of Musical Culture. Journal of Pedagogical Inventions and Practices, 2(2), 50-52.
7. Adiljanovna, A. M., Nurullaevna, N. M., Abdumalikovna, Y. D., Sharobidinovich, M. J., Abdujalil Abduvalio'g'li, A., & Behzod Asqaralio'g'li, T. (2021). Academic Yunus Rajabi and His Scientific Heritage. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 9092-9100.
8. ZAYNIDDINOVNA, N. I. Uzbek National Dance Art and Its Historical Stages. JournalNX, 6(12), 191-194.
9. Najmetdinova, M., & Odinahon, S. (2021, October). HISTORY OF TRADITIONAL PERFORMING ARTS. In Archive of Conferences (pp. 89-91).
10. Axadjonovich, Q. A., & Mamasodiqovna, N. M. (2021, May). MARGILAN LARGE ASHULA SCHOOL. In E-Conference Globe (pp. 292-298).
11. Kirgizov, I., Imyaminovich, K. I., Nurmuhammedjanov, A., Sotvoldievich, S. B., Mamasodikovna, N. M., & Juraevna, A. S. (2021). The Pleasure of Singing, Listening and Understanding Navoi. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 2410-2413.
12. Rahmonov Ulugbek. (2021). AN ANALYSIS OF WORDS WHOSE EMOTIONAL MEANING CHANGES IN MODERN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS. Euro-Asia Conferences, 7(1), 131-136. Retrieved from http://papers.euroasiaconference.com/index.php/eac/article/view/40
13. Рахмонов У., Эргашев А., Атабаева С. и Дилфузахон С. Ю. (2021, декабрь). РОЛЬ ДУХОВНОЙ СРЕДЫ В ПРОНИКНОВЕНИИ ПОП-МУЗЫКИ В УЗБЕКИСТАН. В Архиве конференций (стр. 51-53).
14. Rahmonov, U., Ergashev, A., Nazhmetdinova, M., & Usmonova, S. (2021, November). IN THE FORMATION OF THE SOCIO-SPIRITUAL THINKING OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE MUSICAL ART OF THE GREAT SCHOLARS OF THE EASTERN RENAISSANCE POSITION HELD. In Archive of Conferences (pp. 36-39).
15. Karimovich, U. R., Mamasodikovna, N. M., & Abdullaevich, E. A. (2021). The Role and Importance of Music Clubs in The Leisure of Young People. Journal of Pedagogical Inventions and Practices, 2(2), 47-49.
16. Namozova, D. T. (2021). MUSIQA DARSLARIDA O'QUVCHILARNI KREATIVLIK HAMDA ERKIN TAFAKKURINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNI TASHKIL ETISH. Scientific progress, 2(2), 1313-1315.
17. Nomozova, D. (2020). THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING VOCABULARY IN STAGES. Архив Научных Публикаций JSPI.
18. Rahmonov, U., Ergashev, A., Atabaeva, S., & Dilfuzakhon, S. Y. (2021, December). THE ROLE OF THE SPIRITUAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PENETRATION OF POP MUSIC IN UZBEKISTAN. In Archive of Conferences (pp. 51-53).
19. AKHROROVA, R. U. (2021). THE LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF THE WORLD AND THE GENDER ASPECT OF THE CONCEPT OF" AGE" IN FRENCH AND
UZBEK. THEORETICAL & APPLIED SCIENCE Учредители: Теоретическая и прикладная наука, (9), 585-589.
20. Mannopov, S., Karimov, A., Ataboeva, S., Ergashev, A., & Usmanova, S. (2021). Development Of Symphonic Music in Uzbekistan. Journal of Pedagogical Inventions and Practices, 2(2), 53-56.
21. Маннопов, С., & Сулейманова, Д. К. (2019). Музыкальное наследие узбекского народа. Проблемы современной науки и образования, (10 (143)), 82-84.
22. Mannopov, S. (2004). O'zbek xalq musiqa madaniyati. Toshkent., "Yangi asr avlodi " nashriyoti.
23. Karimova, M., Achildiyeva, M., Ikromova, F., & Xaydarova, O. (2021). USE FROM PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MUSIC LESSONS.
24. Egamberdiyeva, T. U. A., & Qurbonov, J. A. (2020). DIAGNOSTICS OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL CULTURE AMONG STUDENTS. Scientific Bulletin of Namangan State University, 2(4), 512-519.
25. Abdumalikovna, Y. D. (2021). The Role and Importance of Culture and Art in The Development of Society. Zien Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3, 1-3.
26. Yuldashev, F. (2021). The Study Of Socio-Psychological Problem Of Loneliness. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 72(12), 2580-2590.
27. Abduvositovich, Y. F., Suleymanova, D., Rakhmonov, U., Ergashev, A., Kurbanova, B., & Axmadbekova, M. (2021). The role of the great scholars of the Eastern Renaissance in the art of music in shaping the socio-spiritual thinking of young people. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(6), 2846-2850.
28. Laylo, T. (2022). FUNCTIONS OF MUSICAL CULTURE IN THE FORMATION OF A SPIRITUAL WORLD VIEW. World Bulletin of Social Sciences, 6, 72-77.
29. Турсунова, Л. Э. (2019). Признание о международном фольклорном фестивале «Великий шелковый путь», проведённом в городе Маргилан Ферганской области. Проблемы современной науки и образования, (10 (143)), 109-112.
30. Mahmudov, N. O., Norimova, S. A., & Ehsonov, D. R. (2021). So 'ngi o 'rta asrlarda o 'rta osiyoda hunarmandchilik markazlarini takomillashtirish asoslari. Academic research in educational sciences, 2(11), 692-715.
