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Section 8. Pedagogy
Goncharenko Mariya, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University,
Kharkiv, Ukraine E-mail: [email protected]
WAYS TO ACHIEVE SPIRITUAL SELF-REALIZATION OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS
Abstract: The article deals with the issues of self-realization of future specialists' personality and the ways to achieve it. It is shown that self-realization is considered along with concepts "self-organization", "self-affirmation", "self-regulation" and "self-improvement". Future specialists' self-realization is defined as a process of harmonious development of the personality in conjunction with the property of the professional-practical and spiritual experience, as well as the opening and realization of their own potential, which constantly evolving, which promotes the implementation of individuality with the help of future specialists' own efforts.
Keywords: self-realization, spirituality, spiritual health, self-actualization of personality, outlook, students.
Reforming the education system sets new requirements students-valeologists of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National Uni-for the future education specialists training in the 21st century. versity. The research was conducted according to the meth-
Modern socio-economic, scientific, technical and cultural society development has set the task to highschool to form not only a genuine professional, who has deep professional skills, but who is at the same time a highly spiritual personality. The problem of self-realization is the subject of interdisciplinary research and it is considered by specialists from different fields like philosophy, sociology, psychology and pedagogy. Self-realization is considered along with the concepts of "self-organization", "self-affirmation", "self-regulation" and "self-improvement" (A. Derkach, V. Zazykin, I. Kornilova, N. Kuzmin, V Markin, L. Rybalko, E. Saiko, I. Semenov, etc.). Scientists believe that it is important for a person, not only the processes of self-realization, but also their direction.
In the classical pedagogy the problem of self-actualization was considered by A. Disterweg, I. Pestalozzi, M. Pirogov, V. Sukhomlinsky, K. Ushinsky, etc. It should be noted that in self-knowledge, self-affirmation and creative activity of human it is manifested not only the desire for self-realization, but also the spiritual essence at the same time [1; 2]. I. Bech notes that self-realization as a personal entity is the central characteristic of a person, it is the level of his or her development, where his or her "I" practically improves itself. Based on the teachings of A. Maslow, A. Torshevskaya argues that one of the most important aspects of self-actualization and self-actualization of personality is the problem of spirituality [3].
The purpose of this work was to study the spiritual self-realization of future specialists. Tests was carried out among
ods: "The level of spiritual self-realization of human" by M. Udovenko and "Self-discovery" by S. Dzhurard.
The results showed that the subjective assessment of the spiritual self-realization level of the valeology students' personality from the first to the fifth courses is growing. If the first year students show the results when 8% of them have quite a low self-realization level and 92% have an average self-realization level, then the second year students do not show low level results, 80% of them have an average level of self-realization and 20% have a high level of self-realization. The third year student show that their the level of self-actualization is increasing, because the average level have 71% of the students and the high level have 29% of the students, among the fourth year student the average level have 75% of the students and 35% have the high level. For students of the fifth year the high level of self-realization is 42% [5].
A more detailed study of the test results showed that in the investigated life spheres students have different subjective assessments of the self-realization process. Self-knowledge, self-realization, awareness of their feelings, self-correlation with the requirements of society, profession, faith, family, self-affirmation and self-expression are important for the individual's spiritual world formation.
Thus, relying on theoretical philosophical, axiological, psychological and pedagogical scientific approaches and practical researches, self-realization of future specialists can be defined as a process of harmonious development of personality
Section 8. Pedagogy
with the acquisition of professional-practical and spiritual experience, as well as the disclosure and realization of the constantly evolving potential, what promotes the implementation of individuality through the future professionals' efforts.
Spirituality - Health - Society. In accordance with the modern outlook, the holistic approach extends to understanding not only the interactions between "Human-Environment",
but also relationships "Human-the Universe", "Human-State", "Human-Society", etc.
Harmonious interaction with humanity, i.e. with society, and with nature, provides the optimal level of physiological systems functioning and body health, respectively (Table 1). Table 1 shows the relationship between the energy center (endocrine gland) of a person at the different Living organization levels.
Table 1. - The causal-system connection between the human energy center (endocrine gland) at different society and nature organization levels
Glands Activity of glands Human activity - way of life Surrounding world
Epiphysis Harmonization of human bio-rhythms with the surrounding world Searching for the life meaning (target orientation) Nature
Hypophysis Prioritization (delegation of functions) Education of values (priorities) Humanity
Thyroid gland Metabolism - management and composition the body elements Creation (of a product that is necessary for society) State
Thymus Immunity (adaptation) Education, culture Society (public institutions)
Pancreas Power supply Work Group, collective
Gonadi Creation Creating a family, interpersonal relationships Family
Adrenal glands Mobilization, mineral exchange Preserving of life Material conditions of life
Understanding of spiritual life is in the realization of "I" in the system "Human - the Universe". For this purpose, a person must do a great deal of internal work: to make a choice between spiritual perfection; clear all the bodies; to develop consciousness, which is a place of the spirit action; to show consistency, loyalty and stability on the road (some call this way "rule of the three "c"- constancy, consistency, continuity); to cover the main aspects of spiritual development: faith, knowledge, creativity and the way [4].
Spiritual health is realized by: achieving a certain level of the worldview formation; the formation of a semantic sphere - the goal of life; formation of vital principles and uni-
Table 2.- Mutual influence of various health
versal values; the formation of the intellectual sphere through the development of logic and intuition, providing a culture of thinking based on the acquired knowledge; formation of emotional volitional sphere, providing a culture of emotions, behavior, conscience freedom.
Conditions for the formation of spirituality include the positive thinking relationships with positive actions, wisdom, will and love. Ways of human spiritual development should include: in education - the spiritual orientation in all kinds of learning predominance; in self-perfection and self-development - consistent moral, ethical and moral degrees of self-transformation.
components in the hierarchical society line
Human Society
Purposefulness Ideology
Morality Hierarchy of values
Creativity The level of socio-economic development
Adaptability Science and culture development level
Efficiency Employment of population
Emotional stability Level of intercollective integration
Physical endurance Health Indicators
If physical health depends on natural and biological components analysis, as well as the role of spirituality in the rhythms, then spiritual health depends on moral and ethical health formation, it is of interest to consider the manifestation, laws observance. According to the of the of the spirit and soul germination and mutual influence of various components of
health in the hierarchical society line (Table 2). As a decoding health (Table 3). Analyzing these data, we can make a clear of the interaction and human and society interaction are given conclusion that spiritual values and worldview are crucial in data on what factors, at what levels and how they affect the the human health formation and development.
Table 3.- Human health formation factors and their connection with health components
Factors Components of human health
Worldview Purposefulness
Values Morality
Traditions (Stereotypes of behavior) Creativity
Living conditions Adaptability
Intelligence Efficiency
Psychotype Emotional stability
Genotype Physical endurance
Ways of forming spiritual health include: spiritual cleansing; ensuring a minimum number of negative emotions; not committing bad deeds; acquisition of positive thinking skills, purity of thoughts; knowledge of the ten commandments and life after them; tracking the essence ofwords; bad habits deprivation, bad language prevention; a combination of gymnastics for the body with gymnastics for the soul, which you need to train by the accomplishment of good deeds and comprehension of your actions.
The development of spiritual health characterizes such qualities and abilities of a person: the ability to spiritual communication and interaction; humanistic orientation towards harmonious development and self-improvement; the development of character traits of a purposeful, creative development, high moral character; development of self-consciousness of highly spiritual person; development of a responsible attitude towards organism.
Our system of education should develop these qualities and abilities of spiritual health, it should actualize the humanistic transformation of education, education and education. As previously indicated, in the State Education Standard of Ukraine, these issues are intended to cover such courses as "Health Fundamentals", "Physical Culture and
Physical Rehabilitation", "Reproductive Health", "Valeolo-gy" and others that are in general branches of valeology. The result of valeological education and training should be the formation of knowledge about the theoretical and practical issues of health, awareness and spirituality of the individual life program, which is expressed in: ability to determine the place of health and spiritual values in the life values system; the ability to bear responsibility for health; the ability to realize oneself with a person that is adequate to his biological gender, age, and individual characteristics; ability to choose; formation of skills of adequate self-examination and self-control; ability to plan and forecast; the ability to correctly set the goal and highlight the "steps" of personal growth; the ability to highlight the main thing, quickly make adequate decisions that will have an impact on the effectiveness of human life; forming a sense of personal significance in the family, at work, among friends; ability to have positive thinking technologies; the ability to master the emotion culture technologies.
All this is the spiritual self-realization of future specialist. Thus, self-realization of future specialists can be defined as a process of harmonious development of personality in with the acquisition of professional-practical and spiritual experience.
References:
1. Goncharenko M. S. Valeopedagogicheskie aspekty duhovnosti [Valeopedagogical aspects of spirituality]: - Palmarium Academic Publishing, 2016. Germany.- 335 p.
2. Goncharenko M. Nauchnyie osnovyi sovremennogo mirovozzreniya. Valeologicheskiy aspekt [Scientific foundations of the modern world. Valeological aspect]: V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine, 2012.- 256 p. (in Russian).
3. Osipov A. O. Ontology of spirituality [Ontologiya dukhovnosti]: - Mikolayiv: Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, 2008.- 232 p.
4. Gegel G. V Encyclopedia of Philosophy. - T. 3. Philosophy of the spirit [Entsiklopediya filosofskih nauk Filosofiya duha]: -Moscow: Myisl, 1977.- 471 p.
5. Goncharenko M. Practice of general valeology. Basics of Physical Health: A Manual [Praktikum z zagalnoyi valeologly. Osnovi fIzlchnogo zdorov'ya: navchalno-metodichniy poslbnik] / M. S. Goncharenko, I. O. Korzhenko V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine, 2014.- 232 p.
