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Submitted: 13.09.2018
Zhabakov V.E. Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "South-Ural State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University", Russia, Chelyabinsk, [email protected]
Zhabakova T.V. Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "South-Ural State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University", Russia, Chelyabinsk, [email protected] Konyakhina G.P. Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "South-Ural State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University", Russia, Chelyabinsk, [email protected]
DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2018-13-3-149-157
MODEL OF A RATIONAL INTERACTION BETWEEN A HUMAN BEING AND
NATURE
Kolesnik A.I.1
1Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named After I.N. Ulyanov", Russia, Ulyanovsk,
Annotation. To the end of the XXth century local economic crises transformed into a global world crisis, which brought people to the brink of collapse. Modern civilization is at the vanishing point. However, not all people are ready to admit this fact and it proves a low level of ecological awareness, ecological thinking, ecological culture formation. One of the leading conditions, which help to realize a ruinous impact of people on environment, is the level of ecological self-upbringing development. It conditions an individual's constant need for knowledge broadening and improvement in the sphere of ecology, for getting new information about the parameters of
112
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7. Kuznetsova Z., Kuznetsov A., Mutaeva I., Khalikov G., Zakharova A., 2015. Athletes training based on a complex assessment of functional state. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology support. SCITEPRESS. P. 156-160 (Scopus).
8. Kuznetsov A., Mutaeva I., Kuznetsova Z., 2017. Diagnostics of Functional State and Reserve Capacity of young Athletes' Organism. In Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology support. SCITEPRESS. P. 111-115 (Scopus).
environment and their influence on health indices, life duration and life quality of people. Materials. Theoretical and methodological substantiation of ecological self-upbringing importance for harmonious interactions with nature and the model of interaction with environment creation. Research methods: scientific and scientific-methodical literature analysis and systematization, pedagogical experiment, testing, questionnaire survey, statistical data handling. Results. The results of ecological self-upbringing are conditioned by the effectiveness of ecological upbringing organization, which is to stimulate the needfor activity realization. It is directed at the objectives of own self-development and self-improvement solution in professional ecological activity. The article is about the importance of ecological self-upbringing together with ecological awareness, ecological thinking and ecological culture, which form the base of ecological self-upbringing. During the pedagogical experiment the results were received. They prove that ecological self-upbringing is a necessary precondition for new ideas, conceptions, offers formation. They can help to get out of global ecological crisis. Owing to the organized process of ecological upbringing a new impulse for creative activity was given among the future specialists in ecology. As the result were new approaches to more effective model creation of interaction between a human being and environment. Conclusion. This model is progressive and presents further development of modern technology in accordance with the tendencies of industrial and agricultural production development. Society, at its core, technical and creative potential is theoretically ready for new model of interaction with environment realization. Keywords: ecological self-upbringing, model, pedagogical experiment.
For citations: Kolesnik A.I. Model of a rational interaction between a human being and nature. The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Pedagogical-Psychological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports). 2018; 13(3): 112-117. DOI 10.14526/20704798-2018-13-3-149-157.
INTRODUCTION
Extensive environment pollution: water, air, foodstuffs and etc., uncontrolled consumption of natural resources, including non-renewable resources; planetary anthropogeocoenosis formation led to local ecological crises transformation into world crises. It made the problem of critical natural and social environment state urgent, which nowadays has systematic character. In Russia ecological system, in the opinion of the specialists in ecology S.N. Glazachev, 1996; N.M. Mamedov, 1996; S.G. Gilmiyarova, 2002; A.V. Nazarenko, 2002, 2013, 2015; B.S. Gershunskiy, 2003 and others, is in the zone of deep social risk. A transfer to market economy considerably changed the system of ecological activity management and control of industrial and agricultural enterprises. It conditioned degradation of the main systems of life provision, caused by economic liberalization. Till now there was no ecological problem realization at the national level. Effectiveness of economy is considered
from the point of view of macroeconomic interests and it makes ecological crisis deeper.
Scientific-methodical literature in ecology analysis, materials of own research works showed that the main reason of the existing situation is a systematic work absence, directed at ecological awareness, ecological thinking and ecological culture formation among population. A low level of ecological culture doesn't let the specialists of different industry spheres and agricultural production realize the degree of personal responsibility for environment state. It slows down the process of this problem solution. The necessity to increase the level of ecological culture as the system of nature state knowledge, tendencies of its development gains special meaning, as exactly ecological culture conditions a person's behavior, providing harmony of interrelation and interaction with environment.
That is why ecological upbringing becomes very important. We consider it as the process, directed at personality transformation
on the basis of the definite level of ecological culture formation. It is able to set harmonious relations with environment in accordance with the laws of nature. Thus, ecological self-upbringing, together with ecological awareness, ecological thinking and ecological culture development, is very important.
The aim of this work is theoretical and methodological importance substantiation of ecological self-upbringing in order to set harmonious interrelations with nature and create the model of interaction with environment.
Objectives: 1. To reveal and discuss the peculiarities of the interaction models between a human being and nature.
2. To create a new model of interrelations setting with environment, which provide its preservation and further development.
3. To check the effectiveness of the model during the pedagogical experiment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The character of interrelations between society and environment is considered together with other problems of contemporaneity. It is conditioned by a continuing, powerful, anthropogenic influence on environment, which became a real threat not only for a normal biosphere, but also for modern civilization. Global changes of ecological interactions system, responsibility absence for environment state before new generations led to global world crisis. It proves the necessity to organize the system of ecological reproduction. The result should be ecological self-upbringing not only among the specialists in ecology, but also self-upbringing of each society member. Those, who have own point of view and a personal position concerning the problem of environment preservation, as the main condition for a normal life of people [7, 9, 14].
A purposeful ecological education among all categories of population demands great amount of specialists with a high level of ecological professional-pedagogical competence. Their achievement is connected with ecological self-upbringing. That is why it
is considered as deeply realized activity in ecological self-education.
The base of ecological self-upbringing forms the following conceptual theses:
- nature estimation regardless of a man, who is one of its representatives;
- a man's mind is to help him realize own responsibility for nature state during economic activity organization;
- one-side influence of people on nature leads to its destruction; a rational interaction provides its preservation and development;
- set during the process of evolution norms and rules of people behavior condition not only the character of interrelations in society, but also determine interaction with nature;
- nature-protecting activity is conditioned by the necessity to provide a comfortable environment for a man and modern civilization preservation;
- nature develops according to the laws of beauty, violation of which conditions its destruction;
- harmonious relations between a man and nature destruction started from tools use, with the help of which environment changed. N.A. Berdyaev wrote that a man, "recreating" nature proclaims himself a subject of culture, creator of nature.
Human race knows the examples of harmonious relations between nature and people: Indian tribes, Australian aborigines, Far North people and others, who didn't destroy natural balance with their life activity. However, the level of these people culture also didn't change greatly. It proves the fact, that the model of total man subordination to nature doesn't provide creative potential development and a transfer to a higher cultural level. Tools creation, their use for environment transformation: plowed fields increase, planting different crops, woods clearing in order to increase cultivated areas; domestication of wild animals and their use for farming; more developed technologies of machine production creation - conditioned deeper interference into nature, which earlier
preserved the ability to fulfill self-regeneration and self-reproduction.
In course of time people wanted to submit nature for more comfortable life and material values increase; ship canals were built; rivers flow and channels were changed; skyscrapers were built with their infrastructures, industrial and agricultural enterprises, the wastes of which were drained off into fresh water and atmosphere. Gradually industrial and domestic wastes, which polluted air, water, wood, land, plants were accumulated. Creative activity of a man, his cognitive abilities, desire to observe outer world led to aircraft construction and rocket production, space modules, abyssal and super - abyssal underwater vehicles creation, atomic, missile, hydrogen weaponry creation. A human being achieved a high level of culture, the frontiers of his knowledge achieved the bounds of the controlled parameters. Absence of control in actions and plans, inability to predict the consequences own actions led to environment degradation, amount of wildlife and plants decrease, the quality of air, soil, water, food degeneration; rivers shallowing, freshwater resources decrease. Society is on the point of survival. This model of interrelations between nature and man also showed its inefficiency.
Considering ecological self-upbringing as the base for an active citizenship formation in the problem of harmonious interrelations setting between society and environment, specialists S.N. Glazachev, 1996; L.O. Bobyleva; O.A. Linenko, 2009; I.V. Astrakhantseva, 2016 think, that exactly the level of ecological self-upbringing determines the ability of an individual to produce new ideas and the ways of their realization. The achieved level of ecological self-upbringing conditions the ability of a person to search for the model of society and environment interaction, which provides gradual development of human kind in terms of the achieved progress with nature preservation, which provides its self-regeneration [2, 3, 8, 10, 12]. In terms of this research work a new model of people interaction with environment was created. It
allows using modern technologies, increase the volumes of industrial and agricultural production with total nature state preservation.
RESEARCH RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION
In order to check the expediency of this model the pedagogical experiment was held. 92 students of the 1st-3rd courses from different faculties of a pedagogical higher educational establishment took part in the experiment. The CG and the EG were organized. Each group included 46 students. In order to check readiness of the future specialists for active practical ecological activity a test was held before the beginning of the pedagogical experiment. Students were offered the system of special tasks:
1. To create the requirements for industrial and agricultural enterprises activity, which provide environment integrity.
2. To reveal the conditions, which neutralize negative influence of motor transport on environment.
3. To create the norms and rules of man and nature interaction, which exclude harmful influence of people on environment.
The fulfilled tasks analysis didn't reveal considerable differences between the content of the received students' (from the CG and the EG) answers (p>0,05). Lessons in CG were held according to a traditional methodology in accordance with the curriculum. In EG students got the tasks connected with the search for special literature, concerning the problem of ecology, its study in order to reveal the opinions, views, ideas of the scientists and practical ecologists solving the problem of changing the character of interaction between man and environment. Students from the experimental group revealed the main reasons of nature degradation, a man's living conditions deterioration; the future specialists studied the parameters of water, air, soil, wood and others, defining the degree of their influence on health state of people. As a result of the fulfilled tasks experimental group students' ideas, offers, conclusions were summarized. In terms of the scientific conference for
students, according to the results of this problem collective discussion, a new model of man and nature interaction was created, directed at further progress of society development during harmonious relations with environment setting and preservation.
This model provided the theses realization, the main of which are the following:
- industrial powers of all kinds of enterprises increase, in terms of waste treatment facilities use, which prevent industrial waste release into atmosphere, water or soil;
- ecological behavior norms and rules creation among people, which condition responsibility of each individual for nature preservation in accordance with specially created normatives, providing civil and criminal responsibility for each negative action concerning environment;
- automobile industry modernization, directed at new types and kinds of cars release, which work with the help of a new kind of energy, excluding environment pollution;
- timely industrial and domestic waste collection, utilization and recycling in order to clean and free city and agricultural territories from dirt and useless materials.
After the pedagogical experiment one more test was held using the same tasks. The received materials analysis showed that students from the control group oriented themselves in the content and essence of the set problems. Students from the experimental group had the definite ideas, offers, formed own points of view and ideas; made conclusions and summarized. It was the base for positive estimation of their theoretical and practical readiness for the future ecological activity. It is the main result of ecological self-upbringing.
CONCLUSION
Ecological self-upbringing, together with ecological worldview, ecological awareness, ecological thinking and ecological culture, is a necessary component for a consumer's attitude to nature change for nature protecting one, harmonious, which
provides its further development. It proves importance of a purposeful self-upbringing activity, which reveals the role of environment for spiritual-moral and physical development of a man, his health improvement. Ecological self-upbringing is one of the main conditions for the quality of professional training improvement among the specialists in ecology, personal responsibility for environment parameters formation. Ecological self-upbringing formation increases ecological competence of the future teachers. It is the main condition of a personality's self-development and self-improvement in the sphere of ecological activity. The basis of ecological self-upbringing is ecological upbringing. But if the process of ecological upbringing has the definite time parameters and ends to the moment of graduation, then typical peculiarity of ecological self-upbringing process is its duration within the whole life. The result of ecological self-upbringing is constant thoughts, points of view, ideas creation, which provide the appearance of new, modern technologies and the ways of principles, theoretical theses, conceptions determination, necessary for a new model creation of man and environment interaction.
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Author's information:
Kolesnik A.I. - Postgraduate, Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named After I.N. Ulyanov", Russia, 432700, Ulyanovsk, the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth Square, House 4, e-mail: [email protected]
DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2018-13-3-157-166
MODEL OF SPECIALISTS LEGAL AND REGULATORY TRAINING IN THE SPHERE
OF SOCIAL TOURISM
Kuznetsov S.A.1
1 Naberezhnye Chelny Branch of Higher Education Institution «TISBI University of Management»
