5Tashkent Medical Academy The significance of the scientific, cultural heritage of Abu Rayhon Beruni and its role in the development of science
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VIEW OF THE KAMOLIDDIN BEKHZOD IN THE WORKS OF UZBEK
FINE ART MASTERS
Jasurbek Zokirjonovich Akhmedov
Head of department Museology of the National Institute of Fine art and Design named after Kamoliddin Bekhzod Doctor of Philosophy in Historical Sciences (PhD)
Uzbek artists turn to the advanced principles of world fine art in their works, mastering them, expanding the imagination of their contemporaries about Uzbek fine art. Their works depicting historical figures made a great contribution to the development of the culture of Uzbekistan.
Most of them are prepared at a high professional level, displayed in museums and art galleries, and arouse great interest in the audience. In the works created by Uzbek artists, the image of Kamoliddin Behzod, the founder of oriental miniatures, is vividly and convincingly revealed. It is known that with his work, he made a great contribution to the history of culture not only of the East, but also of the whole world.
He was born in 1455 in the city of Herat in the family of a poor craftsman. He became an orphan at an early age and was brought up by the famous artist Mirak Nakkash, the head of the Husayn Baigaro palace library. During these years, young Behzod deeply understood the secrets of visual art. "Mirak Nakkash's teacher was Pir Sayyid Ahmad Tabrezi, who once studied with Jahangir, a teacher from Bukhara."
Kamoliddin Behzod Abdurahman quickly gained the recognition of contemporaries, artists and poets such as Jami, Lutfiy, Alisher Navoi. This period of his life is dedicated to the work of artist Javlon Umarbekov "Miniaturist Kamoliddin Behzod with students". Spring is the time of awakening of life, the period of flowering. The teacher holds a flower in his hand and explains to the students that a flower is a child of nature, a symbol of purity, love and harmony. It is beautiful and represents life. Young artists listen carefully to every word of the teacher.
Naturally, after such a lesson, future miniaturists begin to perceive spring and the renewal of nature associated with it differently, they begin to see in it a period of youth, prosperity and hope. Looking at the world through the eyes of young artists, they experience emotions that will later be embodied in their beautiful works. Every moment of life teaches them to appreciate the beauty of nature. Flowers, twig patterns, all fit the mood of young artists.
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In the foreground of the picture is a flowering branch with many small flowers. A singer sits on it, symbolizing the connection between man and nature. In the background, the pictures depict horses galloping far away, and they represent the creative flight of the artist's thoughts, the forward movement, the striving towards the victory of the human spirit. All this is depicted realistically in the picture, the images are inspired. The work is created in warm, golden tones. The master has beautifully arranged the color scheme of the picture and has correctly shown the personality of the characters.
Its composition is carefully thought out and color is decided, the details of clothes and plants are written in one vein. I am pleased with the elegance and literacy of the artist, who was able to connect the visual languages of the Eastern miniature and the Western European school of art. This speaks of the skill of the author and his ability to convey his thoughts and feelings on the canvas through brushes and paints.
The image of 12-year-old Kamoliddin Behzod was embodied in the work "Yosh Behzod" by artist Aziza Mamatova. The teenager looks thoughtfully at us from the photo. His clothes are made of emerald-colored cloth with red spots. The state of mind is reflected in the image of the young artist. The infinite expanse of the sky surrounds the universe like a shining veil, as if it shines from the symbols that surround it, it speaks about universal human values. The phoenix is a symbol of life. Each time it is reborn from the ashes, it reminds of the vortex of nature. A white horse with wings is a symbol of creativity and inspiration, and a silvery white trout is also a symbol of purity, clarity of mind and noble goals. The young half-moon artist speaks about the culture of the country that grew up, matured as a creator, and presented his priceless works to the world. Sky blue color is harmoniously found, it includes turquoise, azure and aquamarine. The artist completely fulfilled his plan and created the image of a young master.
From the time of Zoroastrianism, the name of the great artist Mani has reached us. Kamoliddin Behzod was nicknamed the second mani by his contemporaries for his perfect art, and the Europeans called him Eastern Raphael. He was also called "Rare of the rare" and "Leader of artists". As an artist, he developed under the patronage of the great poet and enlightener Alisher Navoi during the period of Husayn Boygaro (1438-1506), when the science, culture and literature of Herat flourished. Alisher Navoi played a decisive role in the development of Kamoliddin Behzod as an artist.
Artist Temur Sagdullayev's painting "Conversation of poet Alisher Navoi with miniaturist Kamoliddin Behzod" depicts one
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of their meetings. The image of Alisher Navoi was painted by an artist from the miniature of Mahmoud Muzzahib, a student of Kamoliddin Behzad.
The work is written in monochrome. The color of the picture was decidedly yellow, which was conveyed with great skill. The apparent simplicity of the composition is, first of all, a subtle harmony of color and line. Nothing is dissonant and does not fall out of the artist's field of vision. By the expression on the faces of the characters, the movements of their eyes and hands, the viewer can clearly determine the depth of their feelings. If you look carefully at the picture, we will open the world of spiritual persons. Roll up sleeves wrapped around Alisher Navoi's arms, representing a blessed life. If the book in the hands of Kamoliddin Behzod is a collection of knowledge and wisdom, the spring blossoming tree represents the unity of the soul of the poet and the creator.
In 2008, the artist Mirhamid Sobirov created a painting dedicated to the work of this great miniaturist in the memorial park of the Kamoliddin Behzod Museum of the Academy of Arts of Uzbekistan.
The composition of the picture is vertical, and it includes a decoration in the form of honey molds on both sides. In general, the work is done in cold colors, except for Kamoliddin Behzod and the muse sitting on the painted carpet, the painting is richly decorated with geometric and floral motifs. The background of the work is written with great love, and it depicts the images of the legendary hero of "Avesta", the artist Mani and the ancient Kushan king Kanishka. The circle of the motif drawn brightly by Kamoliddin Behzod in the carmine color of the patterned coat represents the continuity of time and cultures. Behind the artist is a blooming garden.
A beautiful girl in the form of a muse, dressed in a bright golden robe, looks at a rose in her raised hands. In the upper part of the picture, the legendary Semurg bird is flying, representing the flight of fantasy.
Simurgh is a good patron of the human community (species, tribes) and each individual in them. In Zoroastrian texts (see "Yashti" XIV) it is said that Simurgh sits under the World Tree, where all the seeds of the world grow, and scatters these seeds, carried by rain and wind, with a wave of his wings. the world It is considered a prophetic bird ofjustice and happiness.
The whole picture has a very beautiful color and breathes the joy of creative work. It is felt that the writer wrote his work with great inspiration. This picture is one of the most interesting historical works of art created by our contemporaries, and it sounds like a hymn dedicated to the great miniature painter of the Middle Ages, Kamoliddin Behzod.
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In the works of J. Umarbekov, A. Mamatova, T. Sagdullaev, M. Sobirov, the trends that represent the organic assimilation of the artistic experience of previous generations are clearly expressed. There are connections between the past and the present. The strength of professional works lies in their direct impact on the viewer and their deep impression on his memory. No wonder the classic of Uzbek literature, Abdulla Qadiri, wrote: "Unfortunately, I am not an artist. If I had the talent of painting, I would draw portraits of my heroes for you without distorting the words and torturing them.
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