CC BY
1
Shadmanova N.I. senior teacher
department of Uzbek language and literature Karshi Engineering and Economics Institute
Uzbekistan
USING PROVERBS IN SPEECH
Abstract. The article discusses the fact that Uzbekfolk proverbs, considered masterpieces of folk thought, are used in our daily life as one of the means to enrich our speech.
Key words: proverb, culture, thinking, wisdom, speech, meaning, figurative meaning.
Another great, primary wealth of the nation, like the Motherland and the state, is its language. It is the language that unites a group of people as a nation.
Proverbs are one of the masterpieces of the people that the language has cherished in its bosom and brought to us. Every society and nation has its own history. Where is a nation-there is a culture, a poetic heritage, a tradition.
The Uzbek people should be proud of their rich history, national culture, poetic creativity and national language. Because its meaningful history and poetic creativity have been preserved for centuries.
Therefore, the mother tongue is a mirror of national culture and a treasure that preserves it. The nature of the place where each nation lives is the national-cultural content of the language, which reflects, collects and transmits the economic system, oral creativity, fiction, art, science and traditions of a nation from generation to generation. This content is clearly expressed through speech in the units of language movement.
Uzbek folk proverbs are also considered as one of such examples of cultural heritage. The proverbs reflect the rich history of the nation, teachings, philosophical and didactic views. It is no exaggeration to say that proverbs are the invariable verbal expression of the events of the people's experience. There is a certain wisdom behind proverbs. There is a saying in our people that "Wisdom is a handful of gold".
"How to understand the meaning of proverbs?" This issue has been a problem for scientists since the early days of studying proverbs. One of the distinctive features of proverbs is that they are used in their own and figurative sense or only figuratively. In order to determine the figurative meaning of this or that proverb, what is being said in it, it is necessary to correctly understand the essence of the images presented in the proverb. For example,
Know the shepherd by his staff and the bride by her feet.
A good girl gets up early and combs her hair, a bad girl gets up early and asks for bread.
A good boy brings name, a bad boy brings shame.
Shaytan gives a stick to the one who stands alone.
Correct understanding of the meaning of proverbs creates ample opportunities for their use in speech. For example, about speech etiquette and bad words:
Say the word that can be said, avoid the word which cannot be said.
The spoken word is a golden bullet.
Furniture is home decoration, words are human decoration.
Sometimes good word will not be forgotten, sometimes bad word.
In most genres of folklore, including proverbs, the image of various objects (animals, plants, work tools, labor products, etc.) corresponding to their characteristics in nature is skillfully used in order to express the relations, events and situations of the people's society in a simpler and clearer way. Taking each of these objects as a symbol, he embodies the image of people who have certain qualities (both positive and negative) through them. For example, our people use the names of animals to refer person's negative or positive quality such as lion -brave, courageous, heroe; camel - is used for people who are strong, resistant, steadfast; goat - is used for people who are cunning, light natured; dog - is used for people who are greedy,angry, lazy, etc.
Students have difficulty using proverbs because they do not know their meaning and usage. Unraveling the specific features and meaning of each proverb will increase their skills and abilities to use proverbs correctly and actively.
Of course, there are texts not only in fiction, but also in all kinds of textbooks and educational manuals, in which examples of masterpieces of folk wisdom are given. Understanding the intricacies of the meaning of proverbs in the text expands the students' thinking, helps them to make their speech beautiful and impressive. That is why proverbs have a great role and importance in the ideological, spiritual-educational, artistic-aesthetic upbringing of the young generation. Therefore, in order to understand the meaning and essence of proverbs, to inculcate them in the minds of students, it is appropriate to turn to proverbs that have been actively used in the mouth of the people.
The meanings of each proverb are expressed in a very concise and impressive manner. When conveying the proverbs used in our speech to the student's mind, it is necessary to give great importance to the norms of expressive reading, and the teacher himself should show examples of their good and bad reading. For example:
A man who is a person deals with a person.
A man who is not a person does not deal with a person.
The meaning is:no matter who he is, any real person should not be indifferent to the condition of other people, because only a person who does not possess true humanity can be indifferent to the pain and worries of others. It is appropriate to show through this example that the word stress in its place makes
the meaning of the proverb clear, while its incorrect use prevents it from clarifying the meaning of the proverb.
Be sincere with your friend, Keep up the good work.
People are loyal to friends in such proverbs for a certain time, and they emphasize the need to respect them and help them in difficulties.
The proverbs used in texts and tasks nowadays are mainly in the form of the modern era, and there are many similarities between them compared to their earlier forms. For example, some proverbs are used without any change; the uniformity in the form and content of proverbs is almost preserved; in some proverbs, the words are changed, etc.
In conclusion, it should be said that the proverbs that have been honored in the language are considered the masterpieces of the people. How vivid the proverbs are, it draws attention and responsibility from the experience in the life of our people. That's why we need to inculcate them in the minds of our youth. At the same time, proverbs continue to have an educational value as a product of creativity due to their charm, beauty, impact, and meaning.
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