CC BY
5
УДК 911.5/.9
Makhkamov E. G. assistant Ferghana state university Uzbekistan, Ferghana
USE OF NATURAL CONDITIONS OF THE FERGANA REGION FOR
RECREATION AND TOURISM
Annotation: This article discusses the natural conditions for recreation and tourism. Ferghana regions area, climate, internal waters, flora and fauna are also analyzed.
Keywords: tourism, recreation, natural conditions, natural complex, recreational and tourist potential, assessment, recreational and tourist area.
In Uzbekistan is gradually implementing a number of measures to develop tourism as one of the strategic sectors to diversify the national economy, accelerate the development of the regions, create new jobs, increase incomes and living standards, and increase the country's investment attractiveness.
Recreational and tourist potential of the region is a complex of opportunities for organization of leisure and health activities. Assessment of the recreational and tourist potential of the region has several stages and can be organized as follows (M.A.Sarancha, 2006):
1. Development of a conceptual framework for assessment;
2. Definition of subject matter, object and subject of evaluation;
3. Define research methods;
4. Selecting the indicators to be evaluated;
5. Normalization or quantification of indicators for rating ratings;
6. Definition of criteria for presentation;
7. Obtaining separate and integrated assessment;
8. Check and analyze the results of the evaluation.
According to L.I.Mukhina, who deals with the scientific basis of the evaluation of natural complexes, three aspects of any assessment should be clear (Sh.Zokirov, H.Toshov, 2013):
- The object of the assessment, what should be assessed. It is desirable to have geosystems as the object of evaluation;
- Subject of evaluation. That is, when evaluating natural complexes or landscapes, it must be clear why and for whom they are valued;
- In addition to the object and subject, the conditions must be taken into consideration, such as economic geographical, social, natural geographical, scientific and technical conditions at the time of assessment. Because the results of the evaluation of natural complexes for one or the other are relative both in space and in time. One of the natural components in landscape assessments, for example, climate, relief, soil, vegetation, should be the whole landscape itself.
To effectively organize tourism, the region needs to be assessed separately
by complexes and components. Depending on the location and creation of recreational and tourism opportunities in the region, the factors can be divided into two - strong and weak. Strong factors include relief, climate, surface and groundwater, and are the leaders in creating recreational and tourism opportunities. Weak factors include soil and vegetation cover, as well as fauna. The Fergana region is favorable for organization of all kinds of ecological tourism by its natural conditions. It can be found here from areas that need protection, to natural areas that are less affected by human factors.
Relief - absolute and relative height of the place, lithological structure, and contrast are evaluated. The diversity and peculiarity of the relief of the Fergana region create favorable conditions for ecotourism. In the Ferghana region, the Altai ridge, Kattronbashi, Khaidarkan, Nazar, Kyzylgazza, Almalyk, Ispisar, Belmazor; The slopes of the Turkestan Range are Kempyrgok, Guzan, Burgan, Kyzylsuv, Kulantag, Suratbash, Aktash, Kyzylkik. The height of these mountains is 900-2800 meters. Flat relief is convenient for the construction of auto tourism and tourist facilities. In the foothills and low mountain areas, it is possible to create resort areas, children and recreational areas. There is a high potential for the organization of mountain tourism, tourist excursions, and ecotourism routes for sports and recreation purposes at the middle elevation.
Climate is one of the key factors in determining the duration and type of leisure and travel in the region, with meteorological and physiological elements. In terms of tourism and recreation, the region can be classified into climatic zones (K.Jumashev, 1990).
Groundwater and surface water are an important factor in recreational and tourism activities, and their availability increases the recreational and tourist value of the area. Rivers, lakes, and reservoirs create a microclimate that enhances landscape scenery, recreational and sports tourism.
Soil - properties, sanitary and hygienic conditions, and the degree of disturbance of the natural state under the influence of negative processes. For tourist and recreational pressure, chestnut and black soils are resistant. This should be taken into account when organizing tourism activities.
Flora and fauna - the healthy nature of the flora, the importance of flora and fauna in the preservation of the mountain landscape, the importance of preserving the diversity of flora and fauna for future generations. The Fergana region is particularly important with flora and fauna: hills in February, with beetles and sheepskins, in March with snowflakes and poplars, in April, with raven and pea plants, indicating that the Syrdarya river in Central Fergana moves northward. "The tourists will be very pleased with the tourists. Among the reptiles in the mountains are the Turkestan and the Himalayan brother, the Nicholas lizard, the snake, the yellow sparrow, the lizard, the sparrow, the saiga, the jigsaw, the long tail, the mountain lizard, the eagle, the saddle, the lizard. You can see a reindeer, a red owl, a relic anchor, a wolf, a fox, a mountain silver squirrel, a water martin, a mountain goat, a pike.
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In addition, the organization of recreational and tourism activities needs to be assessed in three criteria (technological, psychological and physiological). Technological direction includes the organization of the territory for recreational and tourism purposes (roads, houses, cultural and domestic objects, sports grounds, swimming pools).
Psychological orientation is based on the study of the mental state of the vacationers and patients in the recreation and tourism zones, the analysis of the processes of their adaptation, acceptance and perception. The physiological trend analyzes the adaptation of visitors to the conditions in the region from the medical-biological and physiological point of view (V.I.Krujalin, N.S.Mironenko, 2014).
In any natural environment, recreation and tourism activities are not directly possible. For this purpose it is necessary to evaluate the natural conditions of the territories from the landscape point of view. The main criteria for the assessment are the natural environment, climate, water, flora and fauna, environmental and political stability. For the organization of recreational and tourist activities it is necessary first of all to study the complex of recreation areas and to develop the basic principles for their evaluation.
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