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Translation problems of proverbs about "friendship" from english into
uzbek language
Khidirova Makhfuza Amirkulovna
Teacher, Termiz State University, foreign language and literature department,
Termiz, Uzbekistan
Annotation: This article deals with the translation problem of proverbs about "friendship" from English into Uzbek language. In this article, we try to analyze the similarities and differences between the proverbs different system languages. In addition, the usage of "Friendship" proverbs is analyzed.
Key words: proverb, friend, saying, faithful, false friend, true friend, companion, enemy, difference, similarity, translation.
Proverb is a genre of oral folk art. It is a wise adage, which is short, figurative and grammatically and logically complete, a phrase with a deep meaning. Proverbs, which have certain, steady and widely used rhythmic formula, emerged on the basis of people's centuries-long experience.
Translation is an important process that has a key role in exchanging information, news, culture, literature and sciences among people all over the world.
As we know, there are many linguistic problems that a translator faces while translating like mistakes in usage resulting from the translator's lack of competence in writing properly, wrong use of dictionaries, using literal translation or the lack of translator's common sense.
Proverbs are fixed expressions that are important in any language. Proverbs could carry themes related to women, professions and occupations, money, love, marriage, divorce, friendship, education and learning, children and parents, taxes, religion, telephones, cars and computers.
Thus, by using translators' methods mentioned above, translation problems about friendship are taken to study in this article. We tried to translate "friendship" proverbs from English and give their possible variants into Uzbek language.
A dog is man's best friend — "It vafo, xotin jafo"
Dogs are loyal friends to have in your life. They do everything to protect and please their owner. They are faithful companions that make themselves of value to their owner.
A friend in need is a friend indeed — "Do'st boshga kulfat tushganda bilinadi""Jonga kuygan jondav do'st, janaa kuymas qandav do'st"
A friend that sticks with you and helps you when you're in trouble is a true friend.
A friend to all is a friend to none — "Hammaga yordam beradigan do'st haqiqiy do'stmas", "Ko'pni sevgan birni sevmas".
A friendship with a person who is friends with everyone is not unique or truly valuable.
A friend's eye is a good mirror — "Do'st do'stning oynasi".
A good friend will truthfully tell you whether you do something good or bad which is valuable to have.
A man is known by his friends — "Sen menga do'stingni ayt men senga kimligingni aytaman"
People judge you by the company you keep. Others will look at your friends and make assumptions about you based on the friends you choose to have in your life.
False friends are worse than open enemies — "Bostirmadan ayvon yaxshi, yomon do'stdan hayvon yaxshi"
It's better to at least know who your enemy is, instead of believing someone is your friend only to find out that they aren't.
Friends are thieves of time — "Do'stingni saqlama, yo'ldan qolar, Dushmanni saqlama, siring olar"
Thieves are people who steal from you. This proverb means that we use a lot of our free time to spend time with our friends instead of doing other things.
Friendship is like money, easier made than kept — " Do'stlikni pulga o'xshab saqlash qiyin"
It's easy to make friends when you first meet someone. But over time to develop a real friendship takes effort and hard work.
A friend at hand is better than a relative at a distance — "Uzoqdagi quyruqdan, Yaqindagi o'pka yaxshi"
Close companions in your life are more valuable than your family if you are not close to them.
Keep your friends close but your enemies closer — "Do'stingni yoningda tutsang, Dushmaningni kaftingda saqla"
Your enemies wish to harm you. So, if you keep them close to you, by acting friendly with them, you are able to watch them in more detail and know what they're planning before they do it.
Lend your money. Lose your friend — "Qarz muhabbatning qaychisi"
You should never let your friends borrow your money. If you do lend them money, there is a big chance that you will either have problems with them paying you back.
A man who has friends must himself be friendly — "Qars ikki qo'ldan chiqadi"
Friendship is created through two people. A friendship won't last long if only one person makes an effort.
Strangers are just friends waiting to happen — "Notanish bir kun do'stingga aylanishi mumkin"
Even our greatest friends were at one time unknown to us. Everyone you meet in your life has the potential to become your friend.
There is no better looking-glass than old friend. The eye of a friend is a good mirror — "Kiyimning yangisi yaxshi, Do'stning eskisi"
There is no better mirror than a true friend.
When good cheer is lacking, our friends will be packing — "Yaxshi do'st boshga kulfat tushganda bilinadi"
In joy they will find, they will forget it in sorrow.
A friend in the court is better than a penny in the purse — "Boylik boylik emas, birlik boylik"
It is better to have a friend in court than a coin in your wallet. Do not have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
It's good to have some friends both in heaven and hell — "Tor yer do'stlar bilan maydon bo'lur, Keng yer dushman bilan zindon"
It is good to have friends in heaven and in hell.
Friends are made in wine and proved in tears — "Do'st kulfatda bilinadi".
Friendship is born in wine and tested in tears.
Prosperity makes friends, adversity tries them — "Puling bor vaqida bo'lgan do'st, haqiqiy do'st emas".
Friendship is born in well-being and is tested in adversity. Not the friend who walks at the feast, but the one who helps in trouble.
In conclusion, we can say that some English proverbs have their equivalents in Uzbek languages and
we can easily understand the meanings of these proverbs. However, some others totally differ from English variants while we translate them into Uzbek. In this situation, we tried to use some other possible proverbs in order to keep their meanings.
REFERENCES
1. Karamatova K. M., Karamatov X.S. Proverbs, maqollar, пословицы. -Toshkent: Mehnat, 2001.
2. Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (3rd edition). — Cambridge: The Cambridge University. 2007.
